CMA CH 27 Key Terms - Phlebotomy: Venipuncture and Capillary Puncture

Question 1

additive

Answer 1

any material placed in a tube that maintains or facilitates the integrity and function of the specimen.

Question 2

aliquot

Answer 2

part of the whole specimen that has been taken off for use or storage

Question 3

anticoagulant

Answer 3

chemical in a blood tube that prevents the clotting of the blood by removing the calcium from the blood or by stopping the formation of clots.

Question 4

buffy coat

Answer 4

layer of white blood cells and platelets that forms at the interface between the plasma and red blood cells in a centrifuged microhematocrit tube of blood containing an anticoagulant.

Question 5

centrifuge

Answer 5

laboratory device that spins tubes using centrifugal force to separate the fluid portion of blood or urine from the formed elements

Question 6

edematous

Answer 6

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissue resulting in swelling

Question 7

erythrocyte

Answer 7

red blood cells; one of the formed elements of the blood

Question 8

hematology

Answer 8

study of blood and the blood-forming tissues

Question 9

hematoma

Answer 9

bruise; accumulation of blood in tissues. Sometimes around the venipuncture site during or after venipuncture caused by the leakage of blood from where the needle punctured the vein.

Question 10

hemoconcentration

Answer 10

decrease of fluid with an increase of blood cells caused by leaving the tourniquet on the arm longer than one minute, resulting in inaccurate blood samples.

Question 11

hemolysis

Answer 11

rupturing and destruction of red blood cells during the process of blood collection. The serum or plasma becomes contaminated and has a reddish color.

Question 12

hemolyzed

Answer 12

Rupture of red blood cells

Question 13

leukocyte

Answer 13

white blood cell; one of the formed elements of blood.

Question 14

palpate

Answer 14

to feel with fingertips; to search for a vein through touch

Question 15

phlebotomy

Answer 15

process of collecting blood

Question 16

plasma

Answer 16

fluid portion of blood from a tube containing anticoagulant. This fluid contains fibrinogen - pre-blood clotting.

Question 17

serum

Answer 17

liquid portion of blood obtained after blood has been allowed to clot. Does not contain fibrinogen - post blood clotting.

Question 18

thixotropic gel

Answer 18

gel material capable of forming an interface between the cells and fluid portion of the blood as a result of centrifugation.

Question 19

thrombocyte (Platelets)

Answer 19

cellular fragments of megataryocyte; plays an important role in blood coagulation, hemostasis, and clot formation.

Question 20

tourniquet

Answer 20

device used to facilitate vein prominence

Question 21

venipuncture

Answer 21

puncturing into a vein with a needle to obtain a blood sample.

Question 22

viscosity

Answer 22

degree of thickness of a liquid

Question 23

fibrinogen

Answer 23

a plasma protein that functions in blood clotting; fibrinogen molecules interact to form large, insoluble strands of fibrin, the basic framework for blood clots.

Question 24

Standard Order of Draw

Answer 24

1. Blood culture tubes/vials (yellow)
2. Sodium citrate (light blue)
3. Serum tubes (red top + red/gray and gold top)
4. Heparin tubes (green tops, light and dark)
5. EDTA tubes (lavender top, then pink, white, or royal blue)
6. Glycolytic inhibitor (gray)
7. Fibrin degradable products ( dark blue)