Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

principles of disease > chronic inflammation > Flashcards

chronic inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

what are the main cells when there is chronic inflammation

A

lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are clinical presentations of chronic inflammation

A

malaise and weight loss

loss of function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how does chronic inflammation occur

A

arising from acute inflammation, arising as a primary lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

regarding organisation whats an outcome of acute inflammation

A

healing and repair, the leading to fibrosis and formation of a scar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is granulation tissue mechanism and its function

A 
capillaries grow into inflammatory mass
access of plasma proteins 
macrophages from blood and tissue
fibroblasts lay down collagen to repair damaged tissue
collagen replaces inflammatory exudate

patches tissue defects
replaces dead or necrotic tissue
contracts and pulls together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is products of granulation tissue

A

fibrous tissue
fibrosis as a problem
progression to chronic inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does Cholecystitis occur

A

It occurs when a stone blocks the cystic duct, which carries bile from the gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are Peptic ulcers?

A

open sores that develop on the inside lining of your stomach and the upper portion of your small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is Osteomyelitis

A

infection of a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are exogenous substances

A

sutures, metal and plastic eg joint replacements, mineral crystals, glass,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

endogenous substances

A

necrotic tissue, keratin, hair

cannot easily be phagocytosed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is Autoimmune Thyroiditis

A

underactive thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what Rheumatoid disease

A

occurs when your immune system mistakenly attacks your own body’s tissues
swelling of joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the main type of lymphocytes

A

t and b cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the main function of lymphocytes

A

immune respoonse and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are plasma cells

A

differentiated b cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

whats the function of plasma cells

A

antibody production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

functions of B cells

A

differentiate into plasma cells
faciliatate immune response
act with macrophages
immune memory

19
Q

functions of T cells

A

production of cytokines
production of interferons
damage and kill other cells and destroy antigen

20
Q

what are the functions of cytokines

A

attract and hold macrophages
activate macrophages
permeableility

21
Q

what is the function of interferons

A

antiviral effects

attract and stimulate other cells

22
Q

whats the function of NK cells

A

destroys antigens and cells

23
Q

whats the function of macrophages

A

removes debris
produce interferons
motile phagocyte move from blood
take over from neutrophils

24
Q

what are macrophages role in immune system

A

antigen presenting cell

25
Q

what does fibroblasts make

A

collagens

26
Q

what is granulomatous inflammation

A

presence of granulomas (granulomata) in tissues and organs

27
Q

what is granulomatous inflammation stimulated by?

A

indigestible antigen

28
Q

what are granulomas

A

aggregates of epitheloid macrophages in tissue
contains giant cell
surrounds dead material
contains neutrophils, eosinopjils

29
Q

how many nuclei and what size of cytoplasm does giant cells have

A

large cytoplasm and many nuclei

30
Q

where is langhans type found

A

TB

31
Q

what is characteristic about warthog- finkeldy type

A

central cluster of nuclei

32
Q

what is caseous necrosis

A

dead tissue surrounded by macrphages, giant cells and lymphocytes

33
Q

what are examples of non- infective granulomas

A

rheumatoid disease
sarcoidosis
Crohn’s disease

34
Q

whats a rheumatoid nodule

A

local swelling or tissue lump

35
Q

what is Sarcoidosis

A

are condition that causes small patches of red and swollen tissue, called granulomas, to develop in the organs of the body.

36
Q

what causes crowns disease

A

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of your digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss and malnutrition

37
Q

how much granulation tissue is found in surgical wound healing

A

small amounts

38
Q

how much granulation tissue in healing larger defects

A

lots

39
Q

whats the sequence of events

A

injury, blood clot, acute inflammation, fibrin
many growth factors and cytokines involved
granulation tissue growth - angiogenesis
phagocytosis of fibrin
myofibroblasts move in and lay down collagen
contraction of scar
re-epithelialisation

40
Q

what is a callus

A

the bony healing tissue which forms around the ends of broken bone.

41
Q

what happens in callus formation

A

osteoblasts lay down woven bone
nodules of cartilage present
followed by bone remodelling

42
Q

what is Angiogenesis

A

formation of new blood vessels

43
Q

whats thrombosis

A

formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel

principles of disease (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions