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Pharmacology > Chemotheraputic Agents > Flashcards

Chemotheraputic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

List the sulfonamides

A

Sulfamethoxazole(p450 inhibitor) sulfadiazine and sulfasalazine.

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2
Q

Sulfonamides mechanism of action

A

Inhibits folate synthesis by inhibiting dihydropteroate

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3
Q

Sulfonamides clinical uses

A

Nocardiosis, co-trimoxazole for UTI

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4
Q

Sulfonamides AEs

A

Hyper sensitivity (SJS), photosensitivity, haemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency, kernicterus in infants and crystalluria

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5
Q

What can Sulfonamides do to warfarin

A

Displace it from albumin

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6
Q

Can sulfonamides be given to pregnant ladies ?

A

No they are teratogenic

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7
Q

Trimethoprim mechanism of action

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)

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8
Q

Trimethoprim clinical use

A

Used in combination of sulfonamides

Co-trimoxazole—> used for UTI and bacterial prostitis, P.carinii

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9
Q

Trimethoprim AEs

A

Megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia and granulocytopnia, hyperkalemia

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10
Q

What is co-trimoxazole

A

Sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim —> Co-trimoxazole (active against MRSA)

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11
Q

List the fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin (p450 inhib), levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin
Suffix - floxacin

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12
Q

Fluoroquinolones mechanism of action

A

Inhibits prokaryotic enzymes topoisomerase (gyrase) 2,3,4 hence inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis

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13
Q

Ciprofloaxcin which topoisomerase does it inhibit

A

Topo 2

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14
Q

Levifloxacin and Moxifloxacin which topoisomerase does it inhibit

A

Topo 4

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15
Q

Ciprofloaxcin topo 2 clinical use

A

Gram negative P. Arguinosa

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16
Q

Levo and moxifloxacin topo 4 are clinically used for

A

Gram + S. Pneumonia

First line for community acquired pneumonia-CAP

17
Q

Fluoroquinolones AEs

A

Contraindicated in pregnancy (topo 4), chondrotoxicity (damage to cartilage), tendinitis and tendon rupture, QT prolongation and phototoxicity

18
Q

Which fluoroquinolone is approved for children under 18

A

Ciprofloaxcin

19
Q

Metronidazole mechanism of action

A

Forms toxic free radicle metabolites in the cell damaging DNA

20
Q

Metronadizole clinical uses

A

GET GAP - Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas, Gardenella vaginalis, anaerobes and instead of amoxicillin in H. Pylori

21
Q

Metronidazole AEs

A

Disulfram like reactions, metallic taste

22
Q

prophylaxis from influenza type A

A

Oseltamivir

23
Q

Prophylaxis from meningococcal

24
Q

Prophylaxis from tuberculosis

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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