Anticiuagulants

Question 1

Job of factor X

Answer 1

Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Question 2

Job of thrombin

Answer 2

Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 3

Unfractionated heparin mode of administration

Answer 3

I.V or S.C

Question 4

Unfractionated heparin mechanism of action

Answer 4

Binds to anti thrombin 3 forms heparin-anti thrombin 3 complex that irreversibly inactivates thrombin and factor X

Question 5

What should be monitored when giving Unfractionated heparin

Answer 5

aPTT N:1.5-2.5

Question 6

Unfractionated heparin is given iV in the prophylaxis and acute treatment of

Answer 6

DVT and PE

Question 7

Unfractionated heparin is given IV to people in the setting of

Answer 7

Acute MI

Question 8

Unfractionated heparin prophylaxis is given to people with high risk who are

Answer 8

• returning from recent major surgery
• immobilized in the hospital
• pregnancy (S.C heparin)

Question 9

Unfractionated heparin adverse effects

Answer 9

• bleeding
• heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
• paradoxical thrombosis
• hyperkalemia
• osteoporosis

Question 10

Unfractionated heparin antidote

Answer 10

Protamine sulfate

Question 11

list LMWH

Answer 11

Suffix parin
Dalteparin
Enoxaparin
Nadroparin

Question 12

LMWH mechanism of action

Answer 12

Same mechanism as Unfractionated heparin but only inhibits factor X

Question 13

Differences between LMWH and Unfractionated heparin

Answer 13

• doesn’t get inhibited by protamine sulfate
• greater half life so less dosing
• doesn’t require aPTT monitoring
• LMWH eliminated renally, heparin in the liver (so used in renal failure)
• less likely to cause HIT

Question 14

Fondaparinux mechanism of action

Answer 14

Binds to anti thrombin 3 inhibiting factor X

Question 15

Which one from the heparin have the lowest risk of HIT

Answer 15

fondoparinux

Question 16

What’s the heparin of choice during pregnancy

Answer 16

LMWH

Question 17

Fondaparinux antidote

Answer 17

Idarucizumab

Question 18

Bivalirudin and dabigatranf mechanism of action

Answer 18

Direct thrombin inhibitors

Question 19

When are argarotraban and dabigatran used

Answer 19

Used in hit

Question 20

Rivaroxaban and apixaban mechanism of action

Answer 20

Direct factor X inhibitors

Question 21

Mode of administration of XABANs

Answer 21

Oral

Question 22

Mode of administration of bivalirudin and dabigatran

Answer 22

Oral

Question 23

Rivaroxaban and apixaban indications

Answer 23

• Long term anticoagulation of atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke
• to prevent DVT after hip or knee surgery

Question 24

What is used in atrial thrombosis

Answer 24

Platelet inhibitors

Question 25

What is used in venous thrombosis

Answer 25

Anticoagulants

Question 26

Fondaparinux and LMWH indications

Answer 26

Prevention of DVT After othopedic/abdominal surgery and restricted motility also treatment of DVT and PE

Question 27

What is used in coronary angioplasty procedures in patients with high risk of HIT

Answer 27

bivalirudin and argatroban

Question 28

Warfarin mechanism of action

Answer 28

Inhibits vitamin K reductase affecting the synthesis of factors 2. 7, 9 and 10

Question 29

What do you need to monitor in patients taking warfarin

Answer 29

INR N:2-3

Question 30

Warfarin indications

Answer 30

Prevention of thrombotic and embolus strokes, patients with mechanical heart valves and venous thromboembolism and PE

Question 31

Warfarin adverse effects

Answer 31

Skin necrosis, teratogenic, haemorrhage and bleeding

Question 32

How to treat warfarin toxicity

Answer 32

Administer vitamin K

Question 33

Attenuation(reduction) of anticoagulation by warfarin

Answer 33

C-C-COS 
Carbamazepine 
Chronic alcohol ingestion 
Cholestyramine 
Oral contraceptives 
ST john wart I