Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Antibiotics Inhibiting Bacterial Protein Synthesis > Flashcards

Antibiotics Inhibiting Bacterial Protein Synthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Which group of antibiotics inhibit 30S

A

GTA
Aminoglycosides
Tetracycline
Glycyclines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Antibiotics that inhibit 50S

A

Macrolides
lincosamides(clindamycin)
Oxazolidinones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the aminoglycosides drugs

A 
Gentamycin 
Neomycin 
Streptomycin
Amikacin
Tabramycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the aminoglycosides is fecally eliminated and parenteral

A

Neomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which aminoglycosides is given for pseudomonas

A

Tobramycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Aminoglycosides mechanism of action

A

Inhibits 30S ribosomes irreversibly —> bacteriocidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aminoglycosides clinical uses

A

Used for severe aerobic gram negative Rods

Can be given with B lactamases for + coccal infections also for tularemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is used prior to bowl surgery

A

Neomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aminoglycosides adverse effects

A

Teratogenic, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and neuromuscular blockade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aminoglycosides contraindications

A

Myasthenia gravis, renal disease and allergy (cataract dermatitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List the tetracycline drugs

A

Tetracycline and doxycycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tetracycline mechanism of action

A

Binds to 30S and is bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are Tetracycline taken on an empty stomach

A

Yes they are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is doxycycline eliminated and when is it taken

A

It is fecally eliminated so can be used in renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What should not be taken with tetracyclines

A

Milk, antacids (Ca2+ or Mg2+ or Fe2+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tetracycline clinical use

A 
Used in Lyme disease, rickettsia. 
Treat acne 
Atypical 
Peptic ulcer disease 
Cholera
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens if tetracyclines are taken for in pregnant women

A

It’s Teratogenic so —> deformity, discolouration or teeth and decrease in bone growth in children

18
Q

Tetracycline adverse effects

A

Phototoxicity, hepatotoxicity, calcification vestibular dysfunction only

19
Q

List the macrolides drugs

A

Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

20
Q

Which macrolides inhibit P450

A

Erythromycin and clarithromycin

21
Q

Which macrolide has the longest half life

A

Azithromycin

22
Q

Which macrolide is an alternative to penicillin G

A

Erythromycin

23
Q

Macrolides clinical uses

A

Used in atypical pneumonia, gram positive cocci and B pertussis

24
Q

Macrolides mechanism of action

A

Inhibits 50 S bacteriostatic

25
Q

Macrolides adverse effects

A

Cholestatic jaundice, prolonged QT interval and epigastric distress, ototoxicity and increased intestinal motility (can be used for ileus)

26
Q

Clindamycin mechanism of action

A

Inhibits 50S bacteriostatic

27
Q

Clindamycin clinical uses

A

Used in anaerobic infections above the diaphragm

28
Q

Clindamycin adverse effects

A

Pseudomembranous colitis—> watery diarrhea, C. Difficile toxin in stool

29
Q

Chloramphenicol mechanism of action

A

Binds to 50S Bacteriostatic

30
Q

Chloramphenicol adverse effects

A

Grey baby syndrome, aplastic anaemia and anemia

31
Q

Linezolid mechanism of action

A

Binds to 50S bacteriostatic

32
Q

Linezolid clinical uses

A
  • Has gram positive activity against resistant species
  • choice of last resort for VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococcus)
  • active against tuberculosis
33
Q

Linezolid adverse effects

A

Serotonin syndrome, bone marrow suppression -> thrombocytopenia

34
Q

Which macrolide has a better gram positive coverage

A

Erythromycin

35
Q

Which macrolide has a better respiratory coverage and gram negative coverage

A

Azithromycin

36
Q

Are macrolides teratognic

A

No they are safe in pregnancy

37
Q

Aminoglycosides are usually used against gram negative aerobes how can they be used against gram positive

A

Gentamicin can be used synergistically with B lactamases for gram + aerobes (enterococci)

38
Q

Nitrofurantoin indication

A

First line for uncomplicated cystitis ( while fosfomycin is first line for acute cystitis

39
Q

Nitrofurantoin mechanism of action

A

Inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis

40
Q

What in nitrofurantoin reduces GI toxicity

A

Microcrystalline formulation

41
Q

Nitrofurantoin adverse effects

A

Neuropathy, pulmonary fibrosis and AIH(auto immune hepatitis)

42
Q

Nitrofurantoin contraindications

A

Renal impairment

Pharmacology (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions