Antihistamines

Question 1

How to know the first Generation antihistamine drugs

Answer 1

Drugs having EN and ending with -INE- and -ATE-

Question 2

List first generation H1 blockers

Answer 2

Diphenhydramine
Chlorpheniramine
Dimenhydrniate

Question 3

A first generation antihistamine and is a serotonin antagonist

Answer 3

Cyproheptadine

Question 4

What are h1 blockers used for

Answer 4

Used to treat
Urticaria
Angio edema
Allergic rhinitis

Question 5

What are first generation antihistamines sedative

Answer 5

They are lipophilic and can cross BBB

Question 6

How can sedative effects of first generation H1 blockers be used

Answer 6

Could be used in sleeping disorders

Question 7

First generation H1 blockers antihistamine side effects

Answer 7

Antihistamine- sedation, increase appetite and increase weight
Anti muscarinic- dilated pupils, drymouth and blurred vision
Anti-a-adrenergic - orthostatic hypotension and dizziness and tremors

Question 8

Which first generation H1 blockers are the most potent at sedation

Answer 8

Hydrooxyzine and promethazine

Question 9

Which first generation H1 blockers have antiemetic effects

Answer 9

Dimenhydrinate and promethazine

Question 10

Which first generation H1 blockers can treat motion sickness

Answer 10

Dimenhydrinate and Diphenhydramine

Question 11

Suffix of second generation H1 blockers

Answer 11

Drugs ending in -adine- except acrivastine

Question 12

List 2nd generation H1 blockers

Answer 12

Loratidine, desloratadine and fexofenadine ++ acrivastine and cetrizine

Question 13

What’s special about cetirizine and levocetirizine

Answer 13

Can produce sedation

Question 14

What’s the difference between first and second generation H1 blockers

Answer 14

Have far less lipid solubility so has less sedative side effects in the brain and less antimascarinic side effects

Question 15

Which generation is most preferred

Answer 15

2nd generation

Question 16

What is bilastine

Answer 16

New 2nd generation H1 blocker used for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria, importantly doesn’t impair performance so can be given to pilots and personnel in safety sensitive jobs

Question 17

What is rupatadine

Answer 17

Dual H1 and platelet activation factor receptor antagonist and inhibitor of mast cell degranulation.

Question 18

What is rupatadine indicated for

Answer 18

Seasonal rhinitis and chronic spontaneous urticaria

Question 19

When is antihistamine and effective and when is it not

Answer 19

Antihistamines compete with histamine binding at unoccupied receptors, block action of histamine but can’t push histamine off the receptor so it should be given early in the treatment

Question 20

How is fexofinadine excreted

Answer 20

It passes through the liver and doesn’t get metabolised and goes to the bile

Question 21

How are most antihistamines excreted

Answer 21

They are changed in to inactive metabolites and then go to the bike

Question 22

How is cetirizine and levocetirizine excreted

Answer 22

Through kidneys and in urine

Question 23

Which herb has antihistamine qualities

Answer 23

Ginger