Chemical Basis of Life Flashcards

1
Q

What 6 types of atoms make up 99% of all organisms’ mass?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulphur

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2
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two non-metals. Covalent bonds are found in most biochemical compounds

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3
Q

What is a polar covalent bond?

A

This bond is created when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms in a covalent bond. This is due to the ability of different atoms to attract electrons towards themselves.

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4
Q

What is an example of a polar covalent bond? which atom is more electronegative therefore attracting more electrons?

A

Oxygen is more electronegative when bonded with hydrogen, therefore electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom.

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5
Q

What is a hydrogen bond?

A

This bond is created when there are partial charges within molecules.

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6
Q

What is an example of a hydrogen bond?

A

Within water molecules, the partially positive hydrogen is attracted to the partially negative oxygen from a nearby molecule.

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