Anatomical Position, Planes & Axes Flashcards
What are the features of anatomical position?
- upright standing position
- head, toes and eyes pointing forward
- feet together
- arms out to the side
- supinated forearms
What does anterior and posterior refer to?
Anterior - front surfaces of the body
Posterior - back surfaces of the body
What does superior and inferior refer to?
Superior - upwards surfaces of the body
Inferior - downward surfaces of the body
What does medial and lateral refer to?
Medial - towards the midline of the body
Lateral - away from the midline of the body
What does proximal and distal refer to?
Proximal - towards the point of attachment of the limb to the body
Distal - farther away from the point of attachment
What does superficial and deep refer to?
Superficial - close to the surface of the body
Deep - farther away from the body surface
What are the three anatomical planes?
Frontal, Transverse and Sagittal
What is the frontal plane?
It runs vertically and covers side to side movements
What is the transverse plane?
It runs horizontally and covers twisting movements, separating the body in an upper and lower segment
What is the sagittal plane?
Runs vertically, covers movements from front to back
What are the three anatomical axes?
Horizontal, Longitudinal and Antero - Posterior
What is the horizontal axis?
Extends horizontally from one side of the body to the other
What is the longitudinal axis?
The axes is vertical that runs head to toe
What is the Antero Posterior axis?
This axis extends from the front of the body to the back of the body
The axis of rotation always has to be _______________ to the plane of movement
Perpendicular
Which axes of movement correlate with each plane of movement?
Antero - Posterior & Frontal
Horizontal & Sagittal
Longitudinal & Transverse
What are examples of movements with each plane and axes?
Antero - Posterior & Frontal: jumping jacks, cartwheels
Horizontal & Sagittal: somersault, soccer throw in
Longitudinal & Transverse: spinning, throwing a baseball
