Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes Flashcards
How are sexual and asexual spores functionally different?
asexual are clones of parents
sexual are fusion of + and - cells which are genetically different from parent
Entamoeba histolytica. Type of microbe and disease caused?
protozoa/amoeba
amebiasis (water/food contaminant)
Why do cysts form? What structure that some bacteria form does the cyst remind you of?
dormant protective structure
endospores
Taenia saginata. Type of microbe and disease caused?
flatworm/tapeworm
tapeworm infestation
Leishmania donovani. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?
Protozoa/flagellete
leishmaniasis
sandfly
Giardia lamblia. Type of microbe and disease caused?
protozoa/flagellate
giardiasis
Wuchereria bancrofti. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?
round worm
elephantiasis
mosquito
How are fungal spores different from bacterial endospores?
fungal spores are reproductive
Trichinella spiralis. Type of microbe and disease caused?
round worm
trichinosis
infected pork
Define hermaphrodite (a.k.a. monoecious).
contains both male and female gametes
Explain what is meant by microbial intoxication. Example.
produce toxins that can poison organisms. gonyaulax and red tide cause paralytic shell fish poisoning
What types of spores are present for Penicillium?
conidiospores
pH requirement for fungi
~ph5
How are parasitic helminths different from their non-parasitic counterparts?
depend on the host to live and reproduce
Balantidium coli. Type of microbe and disease caused?
protozoa/ciliate
balantidiasis (dysentary)
Describe the environment where protozoa are most likely to be found.
water
Coccidioides immitis. Type of microbe and disease caused?
Mold/fungi.
Coccidioidomycosis/valley fever
Pneumocystis jiroveci. Type of microbe and disease caused?
yeast/fungi pneumocystis pneumonia, common in AIDS patients
What types of spores are present for Coccidioides?
arthrospores
moisture requirements for fungi
can grow with a small amount of moisture
Plasmodium falciparum. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?
protozoa/sporozoa
malaria
mosquito
Toxoplasma gondii. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?
protozoa/sporozoa
toxoplasmosis
cats
Enterobius vermicularis. Type of microbe and disease caused?
roundworm/nematode
human pinworm, anal itching
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. Type of microbe and disease caused?
yeast/fungi
beer/wine/bread production
Describe the three motility structures that protozoa can have.
cilia, flagellum, pseudopods
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?
Protozoa/flagellate
african sleeping sickness
tse tse fly
Which worms have a scolex and proglottids? What foods are they typically found in?
taenia saginata/beef tapeworm
beef
Define septum in relation to fungi
cross wall between nuclei
What types of spores are present for Aspergillus?
conidiospores
Schistosoma mansoni. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?
flatworm/fluke
schistosomiasis most common worm disease in world
snails
What is another name for the vegetative stage of a protozoan? Why is it considered vegetative?
trophozoite
active and feeding
describe systemic mycoses
body wide fungal infection
Aspergillus fumigatus. Type of microbe and disease caused?
Mold/fungi. Opportunistic respiratory infections
What types of spores are present for Rhizopus?
sporangiospores
Candida albicans. Type of microbe and disease caused?
yeast/fungi
candidiasis/thrush/vaginitis
describe superficial mycoses
caused by dermatophytes that secrete keratinases on skin, hair, and nails
define mycelium
mass of hyphae that can be seen with the naked eye
define hyphae
threadlike filaments of multiple cells that form the organism
oxygen requirements for fungi
obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes
special enzymes that help fungi break down things
exoenzymes
osmotic pressure requirements for fungi
resistant to high osmotic pressures
Describe four characteristics of parasitic helminths.
multicellular animalia, limited digestive system, limited nervous system, reduced locamotion, and complex reproductive systems
Describe three characteristics of algae.
unicellular or multicellular
photoautotrophs
sexual or asexual
fresh or salt water
describe subcutaneous mycoses
below the skin due to cut in skin
describe opportunistic mycoses
not usually pathogenic but take advantage of immunocompromised hosts
What is meant by an arthropod vector? Give examples.
arthropod carries microbe and transmits it
mosquito, flea, tick
Define mycosis
fungal diseas
