Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes Flashcards by Amanda Dunham

How are sexual and asexual spores functionally different?

asexual are clones of parents
sexual are fusion of + and - cells which are genetically different from parent

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Entamoeba histolytica. Type of microbe and disease caused?

protozoa/amoeba
amebiasis (water/food contaminant)

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Why do cysts form? What structure that some bacteria form does the cyst remind you of?

dormant protective structure
endospores

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Taenia saginata. Type of microbe and disease caused?

flatworm/tapeworm
tapeworm infestation

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Leishmania donovani. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?

Protozoa/flagellete
leishmaniasis
sandfly

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Giardia lamblia. Type of microbe and disease caused?

protozoa/flagellate
giardiasis

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Wuchereria bancrofti. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?

round worm
elephantiasis
mosquito

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How are fungal spores different from bacterial endospores?

fungal spores are reproductive

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Trichinella spiralis. Type of microbe and disease caused?

round worm
trichinosis
infected pork

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Define hermaphrodite (a.k.a. monoecious).

contains both male and female gametes

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Explain what is meant by microbial intoxication. Example.

produce toxins that can poison organisms. gonyaulax and red tide cause paralytic shell fish poisoning

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What types of spores are present for Penicillium?

conidiospores

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pH requirement for fungi

~ph5

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How are parasitic helminths different from their non-parasitic counterparts?

depend on the host to live and reproduce

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Balantidium coli. Type of microbe and disease caused?

protozoa/ciliate
balantidiasis (dysentary)

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Describe the environment where protozoa are most likely to be found.

water

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Coccidioides immitis. Type of microbe and disease caused?

Mold/fungi.
Coccidioidomycosis/valley fever

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Pneumocystis jiroveci. Type of microbe and disease caused?

yeast/fungi pneumocystis pneumonia, common in AIDS patients

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What types of spores are present for Coccidioides?

arthrospores

moisture requirements for fungi

can grow with a small amount of moisture

Plasmodium falciparum. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?

protozoa/sporozoa
malaria
mosquito

Toxoplasma gondii. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?

protozoa/sporozoa
toxoplasmosis
cats

Enterobius vermicularis. Type of microbe and disease caused?

roundworm/nematode
human pinworm, anal itching

Saccharomyces
cerevisiae. Type of microbe and disease caused?

yeast/fungi
beer/wine/bread production

Describe the three motility structures that protozoa can have.

cilia, flagellum, pseudopods

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?

Protozoa/flagellate african sleeping sickness tse tse fly

Which worms have a scolex and proglottids? What foods are they typically found in?

taenia saginata/beef tapeworm beef

Define septum in relation to fungi

cross wall between nuclei

What types of spores are present for Aspergillus?

conidiospores

Schistosoma mansoni. Type of microbe and disease caused? Vector?

flatworm/fluke schistosomiasis most common worm disease in world snails

What is another name for the vegetative stage of a protozoan? Why is it considered vegetative?

trophozoite active and feeding

describe systemic mycoses

body wide fungal infection

Aspergillus fumigatus. Type of microbe and disease caused?

Mold/fungi. Opportunistic respiratory infections

What types of spores are present for Rhizopus?

sporangiospores

Candida albicans. Type of microbe and disease caused?

yeast/fungi candidiasis/thrush/vaginitis

describe superficial mycoses

caused by dermatophytes that secrete keratinases on skin, hair, and nails

define mycelium

mass of hyphae that can be seen with the naked eye

define hyphae

threadlike filaments of multiple cells that form the organism

oxygen requirements for fungi

obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes

special enzymes that help fungi break down things

exoenzymes

osmotic pressure requirements for fungi

resistant to high osmotic pressures

Describe four characteristics of parasitic helminths.

multicellular animalia, limited digestive system, limited nervous system, reduced locamotion, and complex reproductive systems

Describe three characteristics of algae.

unicellular or multicellular photoautotrophs sexual or asexual fresh or salt water

describe subcutaneous mycoses

below the skin due to cut in skin

describe opportunistic mycoses

not usually pathogenic but take advantage of immunocompromised hosts

What is meant by an arthropod vector? Give examples.

arthropod carries microbe and transmits it mosquito, flea, tick

Define mycosis

fungal diseas