Chapter Three Flashcards
outraged the athenian assembly who rejected it
this act of “submission”
the persian force was decisively defeated by the athenians but the ______, ending persian efforts for the time being
battle of marathon
Themistocles
use silver from a publicly owned mine to expand the navy
tasked with avenging his fathers lone defeat at the hand of the greeks
xerxes I
31 greek city-states formed a coalition called the _____ to resist the persian invasion
hellenic league
the coalition to be led by the
spartan king leonidas I
reasons for greek victory
•greeks had better and more farsighted commanders
•better armor and warships, that were more effective in close combat
•the military alliance that united against a common enemy to preserve their political freedom
controlled by Athens and consisted of some 300 city-states
delian league
controlled by sparta and consisted of over 50 city-states
peloponnesian league
slave of athenian society
40%
the increase in athenian naval power
promoted the development of a wider democracy at home but it undermined
the democracy of the delian league
radical democracy introduced reforms that challenged traditional understandings of society
expand participation to the masses yet reserve aspect leadership to the elite
pericles, citizenship law
- restricted athenian citizenship to those whose parents were both born in athens
law increased the status and desirability of athenian women
A covered walkway or portico offering a protective atmosphere usually located on the edge of the agora
stoa
agora
The central market square
Competitive intellectuals traveling educators who charged a fee to supplement the limited education that most wealthy young male citizens received
The Sophists
Sophists taught
was one of the most attractive aspects of sophists
above all rhetoric
The father of relativisms
Protagoras
Socrates was the first Philosopher to make
the main focus of his teachings
Ethics and morality
Teaching style was a series of relentless questioning
Socratic Method
Father of Western Medicine
hippocrates
Considered the Father of history
Herodotus
Violent arrogance that, according to the Greeks, drove the competitive spirit to excess
Hubris
Causes of the War
The Spartans were fearful of Athens growing imperial ambitions
and the aggressiveness with which Athens dominated the Delian League
The Athenian Strategy
- Win a war of attrition using their superior wealth of resources
- Avoid the superior Spartan land army
Upon Pericles death, an Athenian Statesman
Cleon
Following the destruction of the Sicilian Expedition
Much of Ionia rose in revolt against Athens
The Syracusans sent their fleet to the peloponneisans
The Persians decided to support the Spartans with money and ships
Spartans spare Athens, tear down the long walls, and install an oligarchy of Athenian citizens called
The thirty tyrants
The new regime determined to settle the internal strife (desire for revenge) that threatening to tear Athens apart issued first known
In western history
Amnesty
After the war Athens found itself right back where it started in 500 BC
Fearful of Sparta, and worried whether the worlds first democracy could survive
