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Western Civilization > Chapter Five > Flashcards

Chapter Five Flashcards

1
Q

Rome’s neighbor to the North was the

A

Etruscans

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2
Q

The ritual of divination

A

Examining organs of slaughtered animals

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3
Q

Citizen militia of heavily armed infantry troops

A

fighting in formation

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4
Q

The Seven Kings of Rome
Created the most famous and enduring government body

A

The Senate

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5
Q

In 509, the Roman nobility deposed the Etruscan kings and replaced the monarchy with an

A

aristocratic republic

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6
Q

The highest value was_________ which emphasized strength, loyalty, and coverage, especially in war

A

virtue

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7
Q

Was Roman society’s bedrock because it taught values and determined ownership of property

A

The family

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8
Q

Romans in general, tended to be very tolerant towards most religious and cults, so long as they did

A

not cause trouble

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9
Q

the shrine of vesta, goddess of the hearth and protector of the family

A

to keep the flame from going out thus ensuring Rome’s protection

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10
Q

Traditional Roman values stressed virtue, fidelity to________
first and foremost

A

the common good (Republic)

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11
Q

A system/ institution based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations

A

Patron-client system

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12
Q

a man of superior status who could offer financial and political assistance to people of lower status

A

a patron

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13
Q

forum

A

the city’s public square

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14
Q

patricians

A

small group of aristocratic families who could trace their ancestry to one of the 100 patrians at the founding of the city

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15
Q

plebeians

A

they were the majority of free roman citizens of the lower east

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16
Q

the stuggle between classes began over

A

marriage -
wealthy plebeians insisted on the right to marry patricians as social equals

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17
Q

the number one bargaining chip for the plebeians during this period was the refusal of

A

military service

18
Q

the number one bargaining chip for the plebeians during this period was the refusal of

A

military service

19
Q

who possessed the authority to veto any legislation and contradict any advice from the senate if they deemed it harmful of injurious to the plebeians

A

tribunes

20
Q

a written law code in 451 B.C., establishing basic procedural rights, for all roman citizens best protection against social strife

A

the twelve tables

21
Q

by 287 the plebeian assembly was making laws that were binding on ALL roman’s called

A

plebiscites

22
Q

membership to all assemblies required

A

previous military service

23
Q

centuriate assembly; only the centurate assembly

A

could declare war and elect the top 3 magistrates

24
Q

the highest office in the republic of rome

A

consuls

25
Q

the senate possessed 3 important powers:

A

•they controlled the treasury
• they controlled the state religions and oversaw the cults
•in a state of emergency the senate could name a dictator

26
Q

2 most significant roman inventions that enabled them to build throughout the mediterranean world

A

concrete and roman arch

27
Q

constructed up and down the italian peninsula for quick troops movement

A

roads

28
Q

enables cities to grow

A

aqueducts

29
Q

worst roman military defeat EVER

A

the battle of cannae

30
Q

disgruntled groups: veterans

A

not rewarded for service

31
Q

supporting the common people

A

populares

32
Q

supporting the social elites or statue que

A

Optimates

33
Q

initiated reforms to allow landless rural residents and urban workers into the army

A

gaius marius

34
Q

Performed Judicial and military duties

A

Praetor

35
Q

Maintain the census, supervise public morality, banish people

A

censor

36
Q

Two main reasons for Rome’s remarkable expansion

A

Fear from attacks
Desire for wealth

37
Q

Approach to goverance of conquered foes

A

The Hammer in the Velvet Glove

38
Q

The First Triumvirate

A

Pompey
Crassus
Julius Caesar

39
Q

Caesar’s reign and significantly important/popular policies

A

-Moderate debt cancellation, especially for his allies
-A large scale program of public works
-Colonies (land) for his veterans
-Expanded citizenship
-Clemency for his political enemies

40
Q

March 15, 44 BC

A

“The Ides of March”

Western Civilization (5 decks)

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