Chapter Eleven : Intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and us knowledge to adapt to new situations

A

intellignece

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2
Q

viewing an abstract, immaterial concept as if it were a concrete thing; reasoning failure

A

refication

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3
Q

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one’s total score

A

factor analysis

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4
Q

a general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test

A

general intelligence (g)

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5
Q

a condition i which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has a exceptional specific skill such as in computation or drawing

A

savant syndrome

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6
Q

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

A

emotional intelligence

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7
Q

the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

A

creativity

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8
Q

he developed factor analysis; believed in general intelligence (g)

A

Charles Spearman

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9
Q

he mathematically identified 7 clusters of primary mental abilities

A

L. L. Thurstone

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10
Q

he believed intelligences come in packages(8 intelligences); brain damage can diminish some intelligences yet not other

A

Howard Gardner

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11
Q

his triarchic theory included 3 intelligences: analytical, creative, and practical

A

Robert Sternberg

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12
Q

a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitude and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

A

intelligence test

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13
Q

a measure of intelligences test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance, thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8

A

mental age

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14
Q

he developed the first intelligence test in France to predict school achievement; supported the idea of nurture

A

Alfred Binet

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15
Q

he revised Binet’s original test at Stanford University to better fit American school children (Stanford-Binet); supported nature (intelligence is innate); also used his new test to eliminate immigrants who did not meet the standards

A

Lewis Terman

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16
Q

the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test

A

Stanford-Binet

17
Q

defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (ma/ca x 100); on contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100

A

intelligence quotient (IQ)

18
Q

a test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn

A

aptitude test

19
Q

a test designed to assess what a person has learned

A

achievement test

20
Q

the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests

A

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

21
Q

defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group

A

standardization

22
Q

the phenomenon of improving performance on intelligence tests

A

The Flynn Effect

23
Q

the symmetrical bell shapes curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes; most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes

A

normal curve

24
Q

the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting

A

reliability

25
the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest (such as a driving test that samples driving tasks)
content validity
26
the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
validity
27
the behavior (such as future college grades) that a test (such as the SAT) is designed to predict; thus, the measure used in defining whether the test has predictive validity
criterion
28
the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior
predictive validity
29
a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life, varies from mild to profound
mental retardation
30
a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup
Down Syndrome
31
a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype
stereotype threat