Chapter 9 vocab. (all sections) Flashcards
Protective tariff
A tariff to protect an industry from foreign competition
Whiskey Rebellion
Critical test of the strength of the new government, farmers rebelled in 1794 because tax collectors came to West Pennsylvania, Washington sent 15,000 troops against them and they scattered
Tariff
Tax
Bank of the United States
Bill passed in 1791, national government deposited tax money there and sthe bank printed paper money, encouraged the growth of the economy
District of Colombia
The national capital (Washington D.C), land along the Potomac River between Virginia and Maryland
Speculator
Someone willing to invest in a risky venture in the hope of making a large profit
Bond
A certificate which promises to repay the money loaned plus interest in time for a certain date
National debt
The total sum of money that the government owes to others
Judiciary Act
Passed by Congress in 1789, set up the federal court system (Supreme Court)
Cabinet
Advises the president
Precedent
Act or decision that sets an example for others to follow
Inauguration
Ceremony where the President takes the oath of office
Farewell Adress
Published by Washington in 1796 saying he would retire and urged the US to remain neutral in its relations with other countries
Jay’s Treaty
Britain had to pay damages for American ships seized in 1793, Americans had to pay debts to British merchants, proposed by John Jay, because of it Britain agreed to give up the forts held in the Ohio Valley but didn’t do anything to protect the rights of neutral American ships
Neutrality Proclamation
Issued by Washington in April 1793, stated that the U.S. would remain neutral in the war
Foreign policy
Actions and stands that a nation takes in relation to other countries
French Revolution
Launched by the attack on the Bastille on July 14, 1789 and other events, broke out a few years after the Americans won independence, French fought for independence and liberty, ignited political quarrels that had been “smoldering” in the U.S.
Factions
Opposing groups within parties
Unconstitutional
Something that is not permitted by the Constitution
Democratic Republicans
Jefferson’s supporters, shortened to Republicans (but is now the Democratic Party), included small farmers, craft workers, and some wealthy planters
Federalists
Hamilton’s supporters, drew their support from merchants and manufacturers in cities like New York and Boston, gained backing by some southern planters
XYZ Affair
The conflict in 1798 of the 3 agents from France asking for $250,000 for Talleyrand (who sent them) and $10 million for France as a loan, told to Congress by Adams who called the agents X, Y, and Z, Americans made up the slogan “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute” (refused to pay bribe), started because the France thought the Jay Treaty favored the British so the French started seizing American neutral ships in 1797 and Adams didn’t want a war so he sent diplomats to France to discuss the rights of neutral nations
High Federalists
Hamilton’s supporters because Adams didn’t want war even though he was a Federalist and Hamilton wanted a war
Napoleon Bonaparte
Ambitious young army officer, didn’t have time for war with the U.S. so signed agreement not to seize American ships
