Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Question 1

Learning disability

Answer 1

Difficulty in understanding or using spoken or written language or math

Classification is dependent on NOT being caused by sensory disabilities

Question 2

Dyslexia

Answer 2

Severe impairment in ability to read and spell

Question 3

Dysgraphia

Answer 3

Learning disability involving ability to handwrite

Question 4

Dyscalculia

Answer 4

Math computation learning disability

Question 5

ADHD is characterized by _______.

Answer 5

1) inattention
2) hyperactivity
3) impulsivity

Question 6

Emotional and Behavioral disorders

Answer 6

Serious, persistent problems involving relationships, aggression, depression, fears, and other inappropriate socioemotional characteristics

Question 7

ASD

Answer 7

Autism spectrum disorder, characterized by problems with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors

Question 8

Autistic disorder

Answer 8

Severe autism

Question 9

IEP

Answer 9

Tailored program for children with disabilities

Question 10

LRE

Answer 10

Least restrictive environment, making the learning environment as close to normal as possible

Question 11

Inclusion

Answer 11

Educating disabled children in the regular classroom

Question 12

Seriation

Answer 12

Concrete operation which involves ordering stimuli along the quantitative dimension, like length

Question 13

Transivity

Answer 13

Ability to logically combine relations to understand conclusions

Question 14

neo–Piagetians

Answer 14

Piaget–revisionists

Question 15

Long–term memory

Answer 15

Relatively permanent, improves during middle and late childhood

Question 16

T or F
Short–term memory continues to increase considerably during middle and late childhood.

Answer 16

False, long–term does

Question 17

Working memory

Answer 17

Our mental workbench, used to assemble info and make decisions as well as comprehend language and solve problems

Question 18

Strategies

Answer 18

Deliberate mental activities that improve the processing of information

Question 19

Elaboration

Answer 19

An important strategy for remembering that involves engaging in more extensive processing of information

Question 20

Fuzzy trace theory

Answer 20

Memory is best understood by considering both gist and verbatim

Question 21

Critical thinking

Answer 21

involves thinking reflexively and productively

Question 22

Mindfullness

Answer 22

Being alert and present

Question 23

Convergent thinking vs Divergent thinking

Answer 23

C: one answer
D: many answers

Question 24

Metacognition

Answer 24

Thinking about thinking

Question 25

IQ

Answer 25

Mental age / Age

Question 26

Triarchic theory of intelligence

Answer 26

Sternberg’s theory
1. analytical
2. creative
3. practical

Question 27

Stereotype threat

Answer 27

Anxiety that one’s behavior might confirm negative stereotypes

Question 28

Intellectual disability

Answer 28

IQ below 70 , difficulty adapting to life’s demands, exhibit these characteristics by 18

Question 29

Organic disability

Answer 29

Genetic or involving brain damage

Question 30

Cultural-familial intellectual disability

Answer 30

No evidence of organic brain damage, low IQ

Question 31

Metalinguistic awareness

Answer 31

Knowledge about language

Question 32

Whole-language approach vs. Phonics approach

Answer 32

W: Reading materials should be whole and meaningful
P: Reading should first teach basic rules

Question 33

Middle and late childhood are characterized by _______ and _______ growth.

Answer 33

Slow, consistent