Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Question 1

Puberty

Answer 1

Period of rapid physical maturation

Question 2

Menarche

Answer 2

First menstruation

Question 3

Hormones

Answer 3

Powerful chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands and carried through the body by the bloodstream

Question 4

Hormones are secreted by the _______.

Answer 4

endocrine glands

Question 5

Testosterone

Answer 5

Associated with genital development, increased height, and deepening voice in males

Question 6

Estradiol

Answer 6

Type of estrogen associated with breast, uterine, and skeletal development in females

Question 7

T or F
Testosterone is only present in boys and estradiol in girls.

Answer 7

False, both are present in both sexes.

Question 8

T or F
Early and late maturation are associated with body image.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

How does early maturation impact girls?

Answer 9

Increases vulnerability to problems like drugs, EDs, and delinquency

Question 10

How does early maturation impact boys?

Answer 10

It is positive for their body image.

Question 11

Prefrontal cortex

Answer 11

Reigns in intense emotions, finishes developing in adulthood

Question 12

The _______ is the “judgment” region of the brain.

Answer 12

Prefrontal cortex

Question 13

Corpus callosum

Answer 13

Nerve fibers connect the two hemispheres
Thickens during adolescence

Question 14

Limbic system

Answer 14

Where emotions and rewards are processed

Question 15

Amygdala

Answer 15

The seat of emotions

Question 16

Risk factors of sexual activity include _______.

Answer 16

Pregnancy, STIs, emotional issues

Question 17

Anorexia nervosa is most common with _______.

Answer 17

well-educated, middle/upper-income, white girls

Question 18

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Answer 18

Piaget’s formal operational concept that adolescents have the cognitive ability to develop hypotheses

Question 19

Adolescent egocentrism

Answer 19

Heightened self-consciousness

Question 20

Imaginary audience

Answer 20

Adolescents’ belief that others are as interested in them as they are

Question 21

Personal Fable

Answer 21

Sense of uniqueness/invincibility

Question 22

Top-dog phenomenon

Answer 22

Moving from oldest at one school to youngest at the next

ex. 5th grade in elementary to 6th in jr high

Question 23

Service learning

Answer 23

Education that promotes social responsibility and service to the community

Question 24

The _______ thickens during adolescence.

Answer 24

Corpus callosum