Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood Flashcards

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1
Q

Initiative vs Guilt

A

Erikson’s 3rd stage

children move into wider social world, adventurous nature, lots of energy, discover who they are

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2
Q

self-understanding

A

child’s representation of self

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3
Q

moral development

A

involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors surrounding rules and conventions

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4
Q

heteronomous morality

A

Piaget’s first stage of moral development

rules are unchangeable outside of human-control

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5
Q

autonomous morality

A

(10+) awareness that rules and laws are made by people and aren’t definite

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6
Q

immanent justice

A

if a rule is broken, punishment is immediate

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7
Q

conscience

A

internal regulation of right and wrong involving moral thought, feeling, and behavior

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8
Q

gender

A

characteristics of people as male/female

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9
Q

gender identity

A

sense of being male/female/etc.

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10
Q

When is gender identity acquired?

A

by age 3

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11
Q

gender role

A

set of expectations that prescribes how a certain gender should act, feel, think

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12
Q

gender typing

A

acquisition of traditional masc or fem role

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13
Q

social role theory

A

gender differences result from contrasting gender roles

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14
Q

psychoanalytic theory of gender

A

Freud’s justification for wanting to fuck his mommy

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15
Q

social cognitive theory of gender

A

children’s gender development is through observation and imitation of gender behavior and rewards/punishments for gender-appropriate/inappropriate behavior

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16
Q

gender schema theory

A

gender typing emerges as children develop gender schemas

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17
Q

Diana Baumrind’s parenting styles include _______.

A

Authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and indulgent

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18
Q

Authoritarian parenting

A

restrictive, punitive style
parents exert strong authority over children
associated with children developing social incompetence

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19
Q

Authoritative parenting

A

parents demonstrate control/limitations and allow for freedom
verbal communication with kids
creates socially-competent kids

20
Q

Neglectful parenting

A

parent is uninvolved

21
Q

Indulgent parenting

A

paren gives in easily and doesn’t say no

22
Q

Criticism of Baumrind’s styles includes _______.

A

parenting style is multifaceted, ignorant of cultural values, very broad

23
Q

coparenting

A

support from both parents in jointly raising their children

24
Q

T or F
Abused children often become abusive parents.

A

True

25
Q

T or F
Most sibling relationships do not involve a lot of conflict.

A

False

26
Q

What values can siblings help one another develop?

A

learning, teaching, sharing, playing, conflict resolution, communication

27
Q

What are the three ways parents try to resolve sibling conflicts?

A

1) intervention
2) threatening
3) nothing at all

28
Q

T or F
Birth order is a good predictor for behavior.

A

False, there are a lot of factors that go into behavior and birth order is only one of them.

29
Q

T or F
Children are more impacted by their father’s unemployment than their mother’s

A

True

30
Q

T or F
Children with working moms show less gender stereotyping than children with moms who do not work.

A

True

31
Q

T or F
Divorce always has a negative impact on children.

A

False, proper coparenting can resolve divorce-related issues

32
Q

T or F
It’s better for parents to stay together than to divorce.

A

False, it depends on the circumstances.

33
Q

What are the differences between having gay and straight parents?

A

There aren’t very many, but gay parents are better at coparenting.

34
Q

T or F
Culture, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status impact children’s socioemotional development.

A

True, duh

35
Q

What are some differences between low and high-SES parent-child relationships?

A

1) low: more concern with conformity, high: more concern with developing initiative and delay of gratification

2) low: parents have authority over children, high: children are equals

3) low: likely to use physical punishment, high: less likely to use it

4) low: directive, high: conversational

36
Q

What is the purpose of play?

A

develop physical, socioemotional, and cognitive skills

37
Q

sensorimotor play

A

pleasure derived from exercising existing schemas

38
Q

practice play

A

repetition of new skills

39
Q

pretense/symbolic play

A

child transforms physical environment into a symbol

40
Q

social play

A

involves social interaction with peers

41
Q

constructive play

A

combines sensorimotor, practice, and symbolic play

42
Q

games

A

activities involving rules and often competition with others

43
Q

T or F
Screentime has many negative effects on children, but it also has some positive ones.

A

True

44
Q

T or F
Violent media is linked with aggression.

A

True

45
Q

Excessive screentime is linked with _______.

A

lack of sleep, aggression, passiveness with learning, obesity, lack of cognitive development