Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Question 1

Middle adulthood

Answer 1

40-65 years of age

Question 2

_______ declines in middle adulthood

Answer 2

Biological function

Question 3

Middle adulthood is a period of _______.

Answer 3

balance

Question 4

What are some physical changes in middle adulthood?

Answer 4

Gradual decline in physical appearance and capabilities such as wrinkles, sagging, yellow teeth, brittle nails, decreased height, increased weight, decreased strength, weaker bones and weaker joints, worsened vision and hearing, high blood pressure, less lung elasticity, and worse sleep

Question 5

Sarcopenic obesity

Answer 5

A new class of obesity in older adults in which low skeletal muscle mass is coupled with high levels of adiposity

Question 6

Chronic disorders

Answer 6

Slow onset and long duration

Question 7

Main cause of death in middle adulthood

Answer 7

Chronic diseases

Question 8

Climacteric

Answer 8

Midlife transition during which fertility declines

Question 9

Menopause

Answer 9

Cessation of a woman’s menstrual periods, usually during forties or fifties

Question 10

HRT

Answer 10

Hormone replacement therapy

Question 11

ED

Answer 11

Erectile dysfunction (L)

Question 12

Describe sexual attitudes and behaviors in middle adulthood

Answer 12

Less sexual activity, sex is related to high cognitive function, erectile problems, frequency is related to health of those participating

Question 13

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 13

Accumulated information and verbal skills,increases in middle adulthood

Question 14

Fluid intelligence

Answer 14

Ability to reason abstractly, declines from middle adulthood on

Question 15

Speed of information processing _______ in middle adulthood.

Answer 15

declines

Question 16

Memory _______ during middle adulthood.

Answer 16

declines

Question 17

Expert

Answer 17

Someone withlots of experience in a certain field

Question 18

The role of work is _______ in middle adulthood.

Answer 18

central

Question 19

When does ability to work peak?

Answer 19

Middle adulthood

Question 20

What are some challenges for middle-aged workers?

Answer 20

Globalization, decline of defined-benefit pensions, uncertainty with healthcare, and stress

Question 21

Leisure

Answer 21

The pleasant times after work when individuals can do what they choose

Question 22

Why is constructive leisure time important in middle adulthood?

Answer 22

To prepare for retirement , reduce stress, and improve cognitive abilities

Question 23

Religion

Answer 23

Organized set of beliefs, practices, rituals, and symbols that increases connections to a higher power

Question 24

Religiousness

Answer 24

Degree to which someone associates with a religion

Question 25

Spirituality

Answer 25

Experiencing something beyond oneself in a transcendent manor

Question 26

Meaning-making coping

Answer 26

Drawing on beliefs, values, and goals to change the meaning of a stressful situation, especially in times of chronic stress

Question 27

More than __% of middle-aged Americans identified as religious.

Answer 27

70

Question 28

T or F
Spirituality is negatively linked with health.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Frankl’s three distinct human qualities

Answer 29

1. Spirituality
2. Freedom
3. Responsibility

Question 30

A sense of _______ can provide guidance.

Answer 30

meaning

Question 31

Baumeister and Vohs’ 4 needs

Answer 31

1. Need for purpose
2. Need for values
3. Need for efficacy
4. Need for self-worth