Chapter 9 Lymphatic Flashcards
1
Q
Aden/o
A
Gland
2
Q
Agglutin/o
A
Clumping, gluing
3
Q
Blast/o
A
Embryonic cell
4
Q
Chrom/o
A
Color
5
Q
Erythr/o
A
Red
6
Q
Granul/o
A
Granule
7
Q
Hem/o
A
Blood
8
Q
Hemat/o
A
Blood
9
Q
Immun/o
A
Immune, immunity, safe
10
Q
Leuk/o
A
White
11
Q
Lymph/o
A
Lymph
12
Q
Lymphaden/o
A
Lymph gland (node)
13
Q
Lymphangi/o
A
Lymph vessel
14
Q
Morph/o
A
Form, shape, structure
15
Q
Myel/o
A
Bone marrow, spinal cord
16
Q
Nucle/o
A
Nucleus
17
Q
Phag/o
A
Swallowing , eating
18
Q
Poikil/o
A
Varied, irregular
19
Q
Ser/o
A
Serum
20
Q
Sider/o
A
Iron
21
Q
Splen/o
A
Spleen
22
Q
Thromb/o
A
Blood clot
23
Q
Thym/o
A
Thymus gland
24
Q
-blast
A
Embryonic cell
25
-globin
Protein
26
-penia
Decrease, deficiency
27
-phil
Attraction for
28
-phylaxis
Protection
29
-poiesis
Formation, production
30
-stasis
Standing still
31
Aniso-
Unequal, dissimilar
32
Aplastic anemia (hypoplastic)
Anemia associated with bone marrow failure, resulting in erythropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
33
Folic-acid deficiency anemia
Inability to produce sufficient RBC because of lack of folic acid, a B vitamin essential for erythropoiesis
34
Hemolytic
Destruction of RBC commonly resulting in jaundice
35
Iron-deficiency anemia
Lack of sufficient iron in RBCs
36
Pernicious anemia (PA)
Chronic, progressive anemia found mostly in people older than age 50 resulting from a lack of sufficient vitamin b12 needed for blood cell development
37
Sickle cell anemia
Inherited anemia that causes RBCs to become crescent or sickle shaped when oxygen levels are low
38
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Infectious disease caused the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that destroys the CD4 (helper T) cells of the immune system to such an extent that the patient falls victim to infections that usually do not affect healthy individuals (opportunistic infections)
39
Coagulation disorders
Any disruption or impairment in the ability to form blood blots or control bleeding
40
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Abnormal blood clotting in small vessels throughout the body that cuts off supply of oxygen to distal tissues, resulting in damage to body organs
41
Hemophilia
Congenital hereditary disorder characterized by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII (hemophilia A) or clotting factor IX (hemophilia B), resulting in prolonged bleeding, also called bleeders disease
42
Thrombocytopenia
Abnormal decrease in platelets caused by low production of platelets or their increased destruction in the blood vessels, spleen or liver
43
Graft rejection
Process in which a recipient’s immune system identifies the transplanted graft as foreign and attacks and destroys it
44
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
Complication that occurs following a stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the transplant produces antibodies against the recipient’s organs, commonly severely enough to cause death
45
Hemoglobinopathy
Any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule
46
Infectious mononucleosis
Acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that primarily affects young adults and children and causes fatigue, malaise, sore throat, and lymphadenopathy of the neck or armpits, also calle mono and kissing disease
47
Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
Cancer caused by the human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) that mainly affects the skin and mucous membranes but may also have extensive visceral organ involvement, also called malignant neoplasm of soft tissue
48
Lymphedema
Swelling, primarily in a single arm or leg, resulting from an accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstruction or disease in the lymph vessels
49
Lymphoma
Any malignancy involving lymphocytes (B cells, T cells, or both) that commonly affects lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissue
50
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)
Malignancy of B cells that occurs in lymph nodes of the neck or chest and may spread to nearby lymph nodes and the spleen and sometimes to the bone marrow, also called classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin disease
51
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
Any malignancy of B cells, T cells, or NK cells that does not involve Reed-Sternberg cells
52
Multiple myeloma
Malignancy of the bone marrow that affects plasma cells, leading to proliferation of abnormal antibodies, destruction of healthy bone marrow cells, and weakening of bone tissue
53
Sepsis
Presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood, also called septicemia, or blood poisoning
54
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE)
Widespread autoimmune disease that affects skin, brain, kidneys, and joints and causes chronic inflammation; also called discoid lupus if symptoms are limited to the skin
55
Thrombocythemia
Overproduction of platelets, leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders as a result of platelet malformation
56
Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
Test that identifies the antibodies that attack the nucleus of the individual’s own body cells (autoantibodies)
57
Blood culture
Test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream
58
Complete blood count (CBC)
Series of tests that includes hemoglobin, hematocrit, red and white blood cell counts, platelet count, and differential (diff) count, also called hemogram
59
Monospot
Nonspecific rapid serological test for the presence of the heterophile antibody, which develops several days after infection by Epstein-Barr virus, the organism that causes infectious mononucleosis
60
Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Screening test for deficiencies in clotting factors by measuring the length of time it takes blood to clot, also called activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
61
Prothrombin time (PT)
Test used to detect and diagnose bleeding disorders or excessive clotting disorders, also called pro time
62
Bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Highly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and bone marrow, especially in diagnosing multiple myeloma
63
Lymphangiography
Visualization of lymph channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockages or other pathologies of the lymphatic system
64
Lymphoscintigraphy
Introduction of a radioactive tracer into the lymph channels to determine lymph flow, identify obstructions, and locate the sentinel node
65
Bone marrow aspiration
Removal of bone marrow (usually from the pelvis) for microscopic examination using a thin aspirating needle
66
Bone marrow transplant (BMT)
Infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after destroying the diseased bone marrow by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both and commonly used to treat leukemia, aplastic anemia, and certain cancers; also called stem cell transplant
67
Lymphadenectomy
Removal of lymph nodes, especially in surgical procedures undertaken to remove malignant tissue, in an effort to control the spread of cancer
68
Sentinel node excision
Removal of the first node (sentinel node) that receives drainage from cancer-containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells
69
Immunotherapy
Any form of treatment that alters, enhances, stimulates, or restores the body’s own natural immune mechanisms to treat diseases; also called biological therapy
70
Immunoglobulin (IG) therapy
Treatment using antibody mixtures, administered via intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular routes
71
Plasmapheresis
Dialysis procedure that removes and discards the patient’s plasma containing the autoantibodies responsible for tissue destruction in autoimmunity and returns the blood cells to the patient suspended in the plasma of a donor
72
Transfusion
Infusion of blood or blood products from one person (donor) to another (recipient)
73
Anticoagulants
Prevent blood clot formation by inactivating one or more clotting factors or inhibiting their synthesis
Heparin, warfarin, dabigatran
74
Antifibrinolytics
Neutralize fibrinolytic chemicals in the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and urinary tract to prevent the breakdown of blood clots
Aminocaproic acid
75
Antimicrobials
Destroy bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, depending on the particular drug, generally by interfering with the functions of the cell membrane or reproductive cycle
Trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole metronidazole
76
Antiretrovirals
Prevent replication of viruses within host cells
Nelfinavir, lamivadine/zidovudine
77
Immunosuppressants
Decrease inflammation by suppressing the body’s natural immune response
Prednisone, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil
78
Trombolytics
Dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands
Alteplase, streptokinase
79
AB, ab, Ab
Antibody, abortion
80
A, B, AB, O
Blood types in ABO blood group
81
AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
82
ANA
Antinuclear antibody
83
APC
Antigen-presenting cell
84
APTT
Activated partial thromboplastin time
85
BMT
Bone marrow transplant
86
CBC
Complete blood count
87
CO2
Carbon dioxide
88
DIC
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
89
Diff
Differential count (white blood cells)
90
DVT
Deep vein thrombosis
91
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
92
GVHD
Graft-versus-host disease
93
Hb, Hgb
Hemoglobin
94
HHV-8
Human herpes virus 8
95
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
96
HL
Hodgkin lymphoma
97
Ig
Immunoglobulin
98
IVIG
Intravenous immunoglobulin
99
KS
Kaposi sarcoma
100
MNL
Mononuclear leukocytes
101
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
102
NHL
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
103
NK cell
Natural killer cell
104
O2
Oxygen
105
PA
Pernicious anemia
106
PCP
Pneumocystis pneumonia, primary care physician
107
PMN
Polymorphonuclear
108
PMNL, poly
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
109
PT
Prothrombin time, physical therapy
110
PTT
Partial thromboplastin time
111
RA
Right atrium, rheumatoid arthritis
112
RBC, rbc
Red blood cell
113
SLE
Systemic lupus erythermatosus
114
WBC, wbc
White blood cell
