Chapter 7 Respiratory Flashcards

Question

Pector/o

Answer 1

Diaphragm, mind

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide (co2)

Answer 3

Bad, painful, difficult

Answer 4

Good normal

Answer 5

Abnormal sound or noises heard over the lungs and airways, commonly leading to a diagnosis of a respiratory or a cardiac condition, called adventitious breathing sounds

Answer 6

Intermittent sounds caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture filled alveoli, also called rale

Answer 7

Continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring

Answer 8

High-pitched, hard sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

Answer 9

Whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway

Answer 10

Excessive acidity of bodily fluids

Answer 11

Absence of the sense of smell

Answer 12

Disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep, resulting in blood deoxygenation, causing the patient to awaken, gasping for air, also called sleep apnea

Answer 13

A form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pauses in breathing

Answer 14

Most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow of air to the lungs

Answer 15

Type of sleep apnea that occurs when central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea occur simultaneously

Answer 16

Collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung

Answer 17

Acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose, also called rhinitis

Answer 18

Common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes involving the lungs

Answer 19

Life threatening genetic disease causing mucous to become unusually thick and sticky, plugging tubes and ducts, specially in the lungs and pancreas

Answer 20

Displacement of the cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes causes nosebleed

Answer 21

Severe, life threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children ages 2-12 years

Answer 22

Nasal hemorrhage, aka nosebleed

Answer 23

Oxygen deficiency arterial blood, which is usually a sign of respiratory impairment and commonly called hypoxia

Answer 24

Oxygen deficiency in the body or a region of the body that commonly causes cyanosis

Answer 25

Acute, contagious viral disorder of the respiratory tract, characterized by weakness, fever, chills, and muscle pain especially in the back, arms, and legs also called the flu

Answer 26

Acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic “whoop” sound, also called whooping cough

Answer 27

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs

Answer 28

Exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity, commonly as a result of bacterial pneumonia that spreads from the lungs, also called pyothorax

Answer 29

Presence of air in the plural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury or as the result of thoracic surgery

Answer 30

Inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing also called pleuritis

Answer 31

Accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure

Answer 32

Blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria) that has traveled to the lungs from another part of the body

Answer 33

Completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal healthy infant, usually less than 12 months also called crib death

Answer 34

Potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets, affecting any organ of the body but primarily the lungs and causing chest pain, hemoptysis, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats

Answer 35

Tuberculosis screening test in which an injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is placed just beneath the surface of the skin to identify a previous exposure to tuberculosis

Answer 36

Noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen, also called pulse oximetry

Answer 37

Test of sleep cycles and stages using electroencephalograms (EEGs) which are continuous recordings of brain waves, as well as electrical activity of muscles, eye movement, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and sometimes, direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera

Answer 38

Series of tests to aid in the diagnosis of lung diseases and evaluate effectiveness of treatments

Answer 39

PFT that measures how much and how quickly air moves in and out of the lungs

Answer 40

Visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of the structures or for projection on a monitor

Answer 41

Visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities

Answer 42

Visual examination of the mediastinal structures including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes

Answer 43

Test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood

Answer 44

Microbial test used to identify disease causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonia

Answer 45

Measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat

Answer 46

Test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci

Answer 47

Radiographic test that aids in identifying lung conditions such as pneumonia, lung cancer, COPD, and pneumothorax

Answer 48

Minimally invasive imaging that combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of the pulmonary arteries

Answer 49

Nuclear test scan that evaluates airflow (ventilation) and blood flow (perfusion) in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in the lungs, also called a V-Q lung scan

Answer 50

Excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura

Answer 51

Excision of a lung or a portion of the lung, commonly for treatment of cancer

Answer 52

Surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum that is usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures

Answer 53

Surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity, also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis

Answer 54

Surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted

Answer 55

Lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways

Answer 56

Washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed to respond to medical management

Answer 57

Procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway

Answer 58

Method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs to make breathing easier

Answer 59

Destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria by disrupting their membranes or one or more of their metabolic processes (Azithromycin, amoxicillin clavulanate)

Answer 60

Block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues (Fexofenadine, loratadine)

Answer 61

Relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain (Hydrocodone, dextromethorphan)

Answer 62

Stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased airflow (Albuterol, salmeterol, budesonide/formoterol)

Answer 63

Act on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory reactions (Beclomethasone, mometasone)

Answer 64

Constrict blood vessels of nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely through the passageways (Oxymetazoline, pseudoephedrine)

Answer 65

Liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes (Guaifenesin)

Answer 66

Arterial blood gases

Answer 67

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Answer 68

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 69

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 70

Carbon dioxide

Answer 71

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 72

Continuous positive airway pressure

Answer 73

Computed tomography

Answer 74

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography

Answer 75

Chest x-ray, chest radiograph

Answer 76

Dry powder inhaler

Answer 77

Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

Answer 78

Deep vein thrombosis

Answer 79

Electroencephalogram

Answer 80

Hemoglobin

Answer 81

Hyaline membrane disease

Answer 82

Metered-dose inhaler

Answer 83

Nebulized mist treatment

Answer 84

Obstructive sleep apnea

Answer 85

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide

Answer 86

Pneumocystis pneumonia, primary care physician

Answer 87

Pulmonary function test

Answer 88

Degree of acidity of alkalinity

Answer 89

Partial pressure of oxygen

Answer 90

Purified protein derivative

Answer 91

Sudden infant death syndrome

Answer 92

Shortness of breath

Answer 93

Tuberculosis

Answer 94

Upper respiratory infection

Answer 95

Tasteless, colorless, odorless gas produced by body cells during metabolism

Answer 96

Tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligament but less dense than bone

Answer 97

Minute, hairlike structures that extend from the surface of a cell

Answer 98

To move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces