Chapter 13 Male Reproductive Flashcards
1
Q
Gamete
A
Reproductive cell (ovum or sperm) that contains one-half of the chromosomes required to produce an offspring of the species
2
Q
Libido
A
Psychological and physical drive for sexual activity
3
Q
Semen
A
Fluid containing sperm and secretions from the prostate and other structures of the male reproductive system; also called seminal fluid
4
Q
Sphincter
A
Ring like muscle that opens and closes a body opening to allow or restrict passage through the structure
5
Q
Testosterone
A
Androgenic hormone responsible for the development of the male sex organs, including the penis, testicles, scrotum, and prostate
6
Q
Andr/o
A
Male
7
Q
Balan/o
A
Glans penis
8
Q
Crypt/o
A
Hidden
9
Q
Epididym/o
A
Epididymis
10
Q
Genit/o
A
Genitalia
11
Q
Gonad/o
A
Gonads, sex glands
12
Q
Gon/o
A
Seed (ovum or spermatozoon)
13
Q
Olig/o
A
Scanty
14
Q
Orch/o
A
Testis (plural; testes)
15
Q
Orchi/o
A
Testis (plural; testes)
16
Q
Orchid/o
A
Testis (plural; testes)
17
Q
Test/o
A
Testis (plural; testes)
18
Q
Perine/o
A
Perineum (area between scrotum [or vulva in the female] and anus)
19
Q
Prostat/o
A
Prostate gland
20
Q
Spermat/o
A
Spermatozoa, sperm cells
21
Q
Sperm/o
A
Spermatozoa, sperm cells
22
Q
Varic/o
A
Dilated vein
23
Q
Vas/o
A
Vessel; vas deferens; duct
24
Q
Vesicul/o
A
Seminal vesicle
25
-cide
Killing
26
-genesis
Forming, producing, origin
27
-ism
Condition
28
-spadias
Slit, fissure
29
Brachy-
Short
30
Epi-
Above, upon
31
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Enlargement of the prostate, usually as part of the aging process that constricts the urethra, causing urinary symptoms including frequency, hesitancy, nocturia, and urinary retention
32
Balanitis
Inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis, caused by bacteria, fungi, or a virus
33
Erectile dysfunction (ED)
Repeated inability to initiate or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse
34
Hypogonadism
Decrease or lack of hormones normally produced by the gonads
35
Hypospadias
Congenital abnormality in which the opening of the male urethra is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip
36
Phimosis
Stenosis or narrowing of foreskin so that it cannot be retracted over the glans penis
37
Priapism
Prolonged, commonly painful erection of the penis, which occurs without sexual stimulation
38
Prostatitis
Acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate
39
Sterility
Inability to produce offspring
40
Testicular abnormalities
Any of the various disorders that affect the testes
41
Anorchism
Absence of one or both testicles; also called anorchia or anorchidism
42
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis
43
Hydrocele
Swelling of the sac surrounding the testes that is typically harmless
44
Orchitis
Painful swelling of one or both testes commonly associated with mumps that develop after puberty
45
Spermatocele
Abnormal, fluid-filled sac that develops in the epididymis and may or may not contain sperm; also called spermatic cyst
46
Testicular mass
New tissue growth that appears on one or both testes and may be malignant or benign
47
Testicular torsion
Spontaneous twisting of a testicle within the scrotum, leading to a decrease in blood flow to the affected testicle
48
Testicular cancer
Malignancy that develops in one or both testes, commonly presenting as a small lump or tenderness on the testicle, swelling in the scrotum and, occasionally, enlargement of breast tissue (gynecomastia)
49
Varicocele
Swelling and distention of the veins of the spermatic cord, somewhat resembling varicose veins of the legs
50
Digital rectal examination (DRE)
Screening test in males that evaluates the size and consistency of the prostate
51
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
Blood test used to detect prostatic disorders, especially prostate cancer, also called tumor marker test
52
Semen analysis
Test that analyzes a semen sample for volume, sperm count, motility, and morphology to evaluate fertility or verify sterilization after a vasectomy
53
Scrotal ultrasound (US)
Imaging procedure using sound waves to assess the contents of the scrotum, including the testicles, epididymis, and vas deferens; also called testicular ultrasound
54
Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy of the prostate
Imaging procedure using sound waves emitted by a probe inserted through the rectum to serve as a guide for biopsy of the prostate when PSA and DRE are abnormal
55
Circumcision
Removal of the foreskin, or fold of skin covering the tip (glans) of the penis
56
Orchiopexy
Fixation of the testes in the scrotum
57
Prostatectomy
Removal of all or part of the prostate
58
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
Excision of the prostate tissue by inserting a special endoscope (resectoscope) through the urethra and into the bladder to remove small pieces of tissue from the prostate gland
59
Urethroplasty
Reconstruction of the urethra to relieve stricture or narrowing
60
Vasectomy
Removal of all or a segment of the vas deferens for male sterilization
61
Brachytherapy of the prostate
Radiation oncology procedure where radioactive “seeds” are placed directly within or near a tumor in the prostate to destroy malignant cells
62
Cryotherapy of the prostate
Freezing of the prostate, causing cancer cells to die
63
External beam radiation therapy (EBRT)
Procedure in which the patient is positioned at a distance from the radiation source, which is then directed at the prostate; also called external beam radiation (EBT) or teletherapy
64
Alpha-I blockers
Block alpha-I receptors in the prostate and bladder, relaxing muscles and improving urine flow in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Tamsulosin, terazosin
65
Androgens
Increase testosterone levels
Testosterone base, testosterone cypionate
66
Antiandrogens
Suppress the production of androgen
Dutasteride, flutamide
67
Anti-impotence agents
Treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) by increasing blood flow to the penis, resulting in an erection
Sildenafil citrate, vardenafil
68
Antivirals
Treat viral disorders by inhibiting the development of the offending virus
Acyclovir, famciclovir
69
ADT
Androgen deprivation therapy
70
BPH
Benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy
71
DRE
Digital rectal examination
72
EBRT
External beam radiation therapy
73
EBT
External beam therapy
74
ED
Erectile dysfunction; emergency department
75
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
76
HPV
Human papillomavirus
77
HSV
Herpes simplex virus
78
PSA
Prostate-specific antigen
79
STD
Sexually transmitted disease
80
STI
Sexually transmitted infection
81
TRUS
Transrectal ultrasound
82
TSE
Testicular self-examination
83
TURP
Transurethral resection of the prostate
84
US
Ultrasound; ultrasonography
