Chapter 9: Life Span Development

Question 0

Maturation

Answer 0

Development governed by automatic genetically predetermined signals
Ex. Learn to crawl before walking

Question 1

Developmental psychology

Answer 1

IStudy of age-related changes in behavior and mental processes from conception to death
Ex. Infant to child

Question 2

Critical period

Answer 2

A period of special sensitivity to specific types of learning that shapes the capacity for future development
Ex. Just after birth being help by your mother

Question 3

Cross-sectional method

Answer 3

Measures individuals of various ages at one point in time and gives information about age differences
Ex. Testing how

Question 4

Longitudinal method

Answer 4

Measures a single individual or group of individuals over an extended period and gives information about age changes

Question 5

Teratogen

Answer 5

Environmental agent that causes damage during prenatal development the term comes from the Greek words Tares meaning malformation
Ex. Radiation

Question 6

. Germinal period

Answer 6

First stage of prenatal development which begins with conception and end with implantation in the uterus (first two weeks)
Ex. Fertilizing the egg

Question 7

Embryonic period

Answer 7

Second stage of prenatal development which begins after uterine implantation and last through the eight week
Ex. Barely developing

Question 8

Fetal period

Answer 8

Third and final stage of prenatal development (eight weeks to birth) which is characterized by rapid weight gain in the fetus in the fine detailing of bodily organs and systems
Ex. Actual baby

Question 9

Puberty

Answer 9

Biological changes during adolescence that lead to an adult size body and sexual maturity
Ex. Becoming a woman

Question 10

Schema

Answer 10

Cognitive structures or patterns consisting of a number of organized ideas that grow in differentiate with experience
Ex. Newborn baby sucking, grasping

Question 11

Assimilation

Answer 11

In piagets theory, absorbing new information into existing schemas
Ex. Babies use there sucking schema to not only suck nipples but fingers too

Question 12

Acommendation

Answer 12

In piaget theory, Adjusting old schemas or developing new ones to better fit with new information
Ex. The first time a baby eats from a spoon it may try the sucking schema until it eventually shapes into a technique that’ works

Question 13

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 13

Piagets first stage (birth to approximately age 2) years in which schemas are developed through sensory and motor activities
Ex. Exploring there house

Question 14

Object permanence

Answer 14

Piagetian term for an infant understanding that objects or people continue to exist even when they cannot be seen heard or touch directly
Ex. The ball in front of your face is not gone forever once you throw it out of sight

Question 15

Preoperational stage

Answer 15

Piagets Second stage )roughly age 2 to 7) characterized by the ability to employ significant language and to think symbolically but the child lacks operations reversible mental processes and thinking is egocentric and animistic
Ex. Using symbols such as words to represent concepts

Question 16

Egocentrism

Answer 16

The inability to consider another’s point of view which piaget considered a hallmark of the preoperational stage
Ex. A child repeadtly asking questions while you’re on the phone

Question 17

Concrete operational stage

Answer 17

Piagets third stage (roughly age 7 to 11 )the child can perform mental operations on concrete objects and understand reversibility and conservation but abstract thinking is not yet present
Ex. Importing thinking skills

Question 18

Conservation

Answer 18

Understanding that certain physical characteristics such as volume remain unchanged even when their outward appearance changes
Ex. The TV changes to a new show but the volume doesn’t

Question 19

Formal operational stage

Answer 19

Piagets fourth stage (around age 11 and beyond) characterized by abstract in a hypothetical thinking
Personal fable, feeling unique like nobody else can understand
Ex. Easier to think for algebra & apply it

Question 20

Attachment

Answer 20

Strong affectional bond with special other centers that endures over time
Ex. You & your mom

Question 21

Imprinting

Answer 21

Inmate form of learning within a critical. That involves attachment to the first large moving object seen
Ex. Baby’s first born

Question 22

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 22

Combination of birth defects including Organ deformities and mental motor and or growth retardation the results for maternal alcohol abuse
Ex. A smaller brain that’s deformed

Question 23

Personal fable

Answer 23

Feeling as if someone doesn’t understand what’s going on

Ex. How you feel after you breakup

Question 24

Personal fable

Answer 24

Feeling as if someone doesn’t understand what’s going on

Ex. How you feel after you breakup

Question 25

Personal fable

Answer 25

Feeling as if someone doesn’t understand what’s going on

Ex. How you feel after you breakup

Question 26

Cohort effects

Answer 26

Differences that result from specific histories of the age group studied
Part of cross sectional method

Question 27

Generalizability

Answer 27

Measures behaviors at only one point in time

Question 28

Developmental niche

Answer 28

Ithree components: the physical and social context in which the child lives, the culturally determined wearing an educational practices, and the psychological characteristics of the parents

Question 29

Ethnotheories

Answer 29

A prevailing set of ideas and believes that attempt to explain the world around one