Chapter 5: State Of Conciousness

Question 0

Control processes

Answer 0

Mental activities requiring focused attention that generally interfere with other ongoing activities
Ex. Focusing on a test & not realizing the time is almost up

Question 1

Night terrors

Answer 1

Abrupt awakenings from NREM sleep accompanied by intense physiological arousal and feeling of panic
Ex. I feel very scared & usually I am unable to move & end up sleeping in an uncomfortable position

Question 2

Circadian rhythms

Answer 2

Biological changes that occur on a 24 hour cycle

Ex. Sleep patterns

Question 3

Rapid eye movement sleep (REM)

Answer 3

Stage of sleep marked by rapid Eye moments high-frequency brain waves paralysis of large muscles and dreaming

Question 4

Nonrapid eye movement sleep (NREM)

Answer 4

Stage one to four of sleep with stage one at the lightest level & stage four at the deepest level
Ex. Cat sleeping in a upright position

Question 5

Evolutionary/ circadian theory

Answer 5

Sleep evolved to conserve energy and his protection from predators; also serves as part of the circadian cycle
Ex. Bunnies sleep less while bears can sleep more

Question 6

repair/ restoration theory

Answer 6

Sleep serves as a re-coop function allowing organisms to repair or replace key factors
Ex. Recover from fatigue

Question 7

Manifest content

Answer 7

According to Freud, the surface content of a dream which contains dream symbols that the distort and disguise the dreams true meaning
Ex. Banana in dream means sexual arrousal

Question 8

Latent content

Answer 8

According to Freud, the true unconscious meaning of the dream

Question 9

Activation synthesis hypothesis

Answer 9

Hobsons theory that dreams are byproducts of random stimulation of brain cells in the brain attempts to combine or synthesize the spontaneous activity into coherent patterns known as dreams
Ex. Trying to run away from a scary dream but can’t move

Question 10

Insomnia

Answer 10

Persistent problems and falling asleep and staying asleep or awakening too early
Ex. When I was a kid I could never fall asleep

Question 11

Sleep apnea

Answer 11

Repeated interruption of breathing during sleep because air passages to the lungs are physically blocked or the brain stops activating the diaphragm
Ex. Results in snoring

Question 12

Narcolepsy

Answer 12

Sudden & irresistible onsets of sleep during normal waking hours
Ex. Narco= numbers, lepsy= seizures

Question 13

Nightmares

Answer 13

Anxiety arousing dreams generally occurring near the end of the sleep cycle during REM sleep
Ex. Scary dreams

Question 14

Drug abuse

Answer 14

Drug taking that causes emotional or physical harm to the drug user or others
Ex. Druggiez

Question 15

Addiction

Answer 15

Broad term describing a compulsion to use a specific drug ring gauge in a certain activity
Ex. Being addicted to chocolate milk

Question 16

Psychological dependence

Answer 16

Desire or craving to achieve a drugs effect

Ex. Wanting to get high

Question 17

Physical dependence

Answer 17

Changes in bodily processes that make a drug necessary for minimal functioning
Ex. Getting a headache if you didn’t drink coffee

Question 18

Withdrawal

Answer 18

Discomfort and distress including physical pain in an intense craving experience after stopping the use of addictive drugs
Ex. Quitting smoking

Question 19

Tolerance

Answer 19

Bodily adjustment to a higher and higher levels of a drug which leads to discreased sensitivity
Ex. Going from drinking one cup of coffee to two

Question 20

Depressants

Answer 20

Drugs that act on the brain and other parts of the nervous system to decrease bodily processes and overall responsiveness
Ex. Pills to make you happy

Question 21

Stimulants

Answer 21

Exact on the brain and other parts of the nervous system to increase overall activity and general responsiveness
Ex. Caffeine, cocaine

Question 22

Opiates

Answer 22

drugs derived from opium that numb the senses and relieve pain
Ex. Narcotics, morphine, heroine

Question 23

Hallucinogens

Answer 23

Drugs that produce sensory or perceptual distortions and hallucinations
Ex. LSD

Question 24

Meditation

Answer 24

Group of techniques designed to refocus attention block out all distractions and produce an alternate state of consciousness
Ex. Buddha meditating

Question 25

Hypnosis

Answer 25

Trancelike state of heightened suggestibility, deep relaxation and intense focus
Ex. Staring into a moving black & white spiral

Question 26

Consciousness

Answer 26

Organisms awareness of its own self and surroundings

Ex. Being alert

Question 27

Alternate states of consciousness

Answer 27

Mental states other than ordinary waking consciousness found during sleep dreaming psychoactive drug use hypergnosis and so on
Ex. Being high af

Question 28

Automatic processes

Answer 28

Mental activities requiring minimal attention and having little impact on other activities
Ex. Breathing

Question 29

Agonist drug

Answer 29

Mimics a neurotransmitters affect

Ex. Neurotransmitter

Question 30

Antagonists drug

Answer 30

Blocks normal neurotransmitters functioning

Ex. Bad guy

Question 31

Psychoactive drugs

Answer 31

Chemicals that change conscious awareness mood and your perception
Ex. Caffeine