Chapter 10: Life Span Development II

Question 0

Psychosocial stages

Answer 0

Eriksons theory that individuals passed through eight developmental stages each involving a crisis that must be successfully resolved
Ex. Mistrust vs. trust

Question 1

Temperament

Answer 1

an individuals and Innate behavioral style and characteristics emotional response
Ex. Easy going child

Question 2

Individualistic cultures

Answer 2

Needs and goals of the individual are emphasized over the needs and goals of the group
Ex. Answering the question “I am…” With personality traits

Question 3

Collectivist cultures

Answer 3

Needs and goals of the group are emphasize over the needs and goals of the individual
Ex. Answering the “I am…” Question with culture of gender

Question 4

Activity theory of aging

Answer 4

Successful aging is fostered by a full and active commitment to life
Ex. Being involved in activities and groups

Question 5

Disengagement theory of aging

Answer 5

Successful aging is characterized by mutual withdrawl between the elderly and society
Ex. Not leaving your house

Question 6

Socioemotional selectivity theory of aging

Answer 6

A natural decline in social contact occurs as older adults become more selective with their time
Ex. Only socializing with people you like, close friends & family

Question 7

Thanatology

Answer 7

The study of death and die; the term comes from the thanatus the Greek name for a mythical personification of death, and was borrowed by Frued to represent the death instinct
Ex. Terminally ill people

Question 8

Resiliency

Answer 8

Refers to the ability to adapt effectively in the face of threat
Ex. When somebody breaks into your house you grab a weapon

Question 9

Preconventional level

Answer 9

Kohlbergs first level of moral development in which morality is based on rewards punishment and exchange of favors
Ex. What you can get away with

Question 10

Conventional morality

Answer 10

Kohlbergs Second level of moral development in which moral judgments are based on compliance with the rules and values of society
Ex. Obeying laws

Question 11

Postconventional level

Answer 11

Kohlbergs highest level of moral development in which individuals develop personal standards for writing and define morality in terms of abstract principles and values that apply
to all situations and society
Ex. Determining personal limits

Question 12

Punishment obedience orientation

Answer 12

Stage 1 of kohlbergs moral development
Part of the pre conventional level
- focus is on self interest, obedience to authority and avoidance of punishment
Ex. Braking 15 cups is worse than breaking one cup

Question 13

Instrumental exchange orientation

Answer 13

Stage two of Kohlberg’s moral development
Part of preconventional level
- Children become aware of others’ perspectives but the morality is based on equal change of papers
Ex. You scratch my back & I’ll scratch yours

Question 14

Good-Child orientation

Answer 14

Stage III of Kohlberg’s moral development
Conventional level
Primary moral concern is being nice and gaining approval and judges other by their intentions
Ex. His heart was in the right place

Question 15

Law and order orientation

Answer 15

Stage 4 of Kohlberg’s moral development
Part of conventional level
Marotti based on a larger perspective societies laws. One feels as if it is their duty to respect law and order
Ex. Not stealing from a store

Question 16

Social contract orientation

Answer 16

Stage 5 of Kohlberg’s moral development
Part of the post conventional morality
Appreciation for the underlying purpose is served by loss. Societal laws are obeyed because of the social contract
Ex. Why we put people in jail for murder

Question 17

Universal ethics orientation

Answer 17

Stage six of Kohlberg’s moral development
Part of the postconventional morality
What is right to one is just is determined personal ethical principles that all religions or moral authority is my view as compelling or fair
Ex. Martin Luther king breaking lawS such as moral dignity

Question 18

Easy children

Answer 18

Thomas & Chess on babies
Happy babies most the time relax and agreeable and adjusted easily to new situations (40 percent)
Ex. Me as a baby

Question 19

Difficult children

Answer 19

Thomas and chess
Infants were moody, easily frustrated tense and overreactive to most situations
Ex. My brother as a baby

Question 20

SLow to warm up children

Answer 20

Thomas & chess
Infants that showed mild responses for somewhat shy and withdrawn and needed time to adjust to new experiences or people
Ex. Baby I babysit for

Question 21

Versus vs. mistrust

Answer 21

Stage one
Birth to age 1
Infants learn to trust that there needs will be met especially by the mother; if not miss trust develops

Question 22

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

Answer 22

Stage two
Ages 1 to 3
Toddlers learn exercise will, make choices and control themselves. Caregivers patience and encouragement help foster a sense of autonomy versus shame and doubt

Question 23

Initiative versus guilt

Answer 23

StAge 3
Ages just 3 to 6
Preschoolers learn to initiate activities enjoy their accomplishments. Supportive care givers promote feeling of power and self-confidence versus guilt

Question 24

Industry versus inferiority

Answer 24

Stage 4
Ages 6 to 12
Elementary school age children develop a sense of industry and learn productive skills that their culture requires; if not they feel inferior

Question 25

Identity versus role confusion

Answer 25

Stage five
Adolescence
A period of Serious soul-searching and which adolescents develop a coherent sense of self and the role in society. If not adolescents may feel a loss of identity

Question 26

Intimacy versus isolation

Answer 26

Stage six
Early Adulthood
After learning who they are and how to be independent young adults form Internet connections with others if not they face isolation

Question 27

Generativity versus stagnation

Answer 27

StAge 7
Middle adulthood
Middle-aged adults develop a concern first I was saying influence the next generation. If this expansion does not occur in individual stagnates and is concerned showing with material possessions in personal well-being

Question 28

Ego integrity versus despair

Answer 28

Stage eight
Late adulthood
Older people entered a period of reflection; in which they feel a sense of accomplishment or experience regret in and despair