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Dental Assisting > Chapter 9: Head and Neck Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Head and Neck Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

11 regions of the head

A
  1. Frontal
    2.Parietal
    3.Occipital
    4.Temporal
    5.Orbital
    6.Nasal
    7.Infraorbital
    8.Zygomatic
    9.Buccal
    10.Oral
    11.Mental
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2
Q

Two sections of the bones are called

A
  1. Cranium
    2.Face
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3
Q

How many bones does the cranium have. What is its function?

A

8
Covers and protects the brain

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4
Q

How many bones does the face have?

A

14

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5
Q

How many total bones are in the skull?

A

22

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6
Q

How many bones does the FRONTAL BONE have and where is it found?

A

1 Bone
forms the forehead, most of the orbital roof and the anterior cranial form

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7
Q

How many bones does the PARIETAL BONE have and where is it found?

A

2 bones.
Forms the roof and upper sides of the cranium

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8
Q

How many bones does the OCCIPITAL BONE have and where is it found?

A

1 BONE
Back and base of the cranium

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9
Q

How many bones does the TEMPORAL BONE have and where is it found?

A

2 BONES
Side and base of cranium

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10
Q

How many bones does the ZYGOMATIC BONE have and where is it found?

A

2 BONES
CHEEKS and part of the orbit

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11
Q

How many bones does the MAXILLARY BONE have and where is it found?

A

2 BONES
Upper JAW

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12
Q

How many bones does the PALATINE BONE have and where is it found?

A

2 BONES
Posterior part of the hard palate.

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13
Q

Which TWO bones form the maxilla (upper jaw)

A

Palatine bone and maxillary bone

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14
Q

How many bones does the NASAL BONE have and where is it found?

A

2 BONES
Bridge of the nose

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15
Q

How many bones does the MANDIBLE BONE have and where is it found?

A

1 BONE
forms lower JAW

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16
Q

What is the Foramen

A

A natural opening in a bone where blood vessels, nerves and ligaments pass

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17
Q

What is the fossa

A

A hollow grooved, or depressed area in the bone

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18
Q

What is a PROCESS

A

projection on the bone

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19
Q

What is a tubercle

A

a SMALL round projection on a bone

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20
Q

What is tuberosity

A

a LARGE rounded process on a bone

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21
Q

Which two bones form the prominence of the cheeks?

A

Zygomatic bones (malar bones)

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22
Q

Which TWO BONES form the upper jaw?

A

maxillary bones

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23
Q

Which moveable bone forms the lower jaw

A

Mandible

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24
Q

What is the MENTAL PROTUBERANCE

A

chin

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25
Q

What is the HYOID BONE

A

It is the main support for the tongue.
DOES NOT join with any other bone

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26
Q

Differences between male and female skulls

A

female skulls are smaller and lighter
female skulls are rounder
females have rounder smaller teeth
male teeth are LARGER and SQUARED

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27
Q

What does TMJ stand for?

A

Temporomandibular Joint

28
Q

Which two bones join together to make TMJ?

A

Temporal bone
Mandible Bone

29
Q

Through which twoprocess does the TMJ form?

A

through the glenoid fossa and condyloid process

30
Q

What muscles is the mandible held by?

A

The muscles of mastication

31
Q

What are the three parts that make TMJ

A

Glenoid Fossa
Articular eminence
Condyloid Process

32
Q

The movement of the jaw is possible because of which joint and muscle?

A

Jaw joint and Muscle of mastication

33
Q

Jaw open

A

Hinge action

34
Q

Jaw wide open

A

Glide AND hinge action

35
Q

First phase in mouth opening

A

Hinge OPEN

36
Q

Second phase in mouth opening

A

Gliding movement

37
Q

What is TMD

A

Temporomandibular disorder

38
Q

What is Bruxism

A

Grinding of teeth

39
Q

Symptoms of TMD

A

Pain
Joint sounds
limitations in movement

40
Q

What is crepitus

A

cracking sounds coming from the joint

41
Q

What is trismus

A

SPASM of the muscles of mastication

42
Q

Causes of TMD

A

Stress
bruxism
accidents
disease
malocclusion

43
Q

what are the muscles of facial expressions? (B.O.M.Z)

A

Buccinator
Orbicularis Oris
Mentalis
Zygomatic Major

44
Q

Function of buccinator muscle

A

compresses cheeks against the teeth

45
Q

Function of Orbicularis oris

A

Closes and puckers lips

46
Q

Function of Mentalis

A

pushes upper lip

47
Q

Function of zygomatic major

A

Muscles that help with laughing

48
Q

What are the major muscles of mastication? (M.I.T.E)

A

Masseter
Internal(medial) Pterygoid
Temporal
External (Latera) Pterygoid

(M.I.T) ALL CLOSES JAW
(E) Opens jaw

49
Q

What are the three MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS (P.S.S)

A

Parotid
Submandibularglands
Sublingual glands

50
Q

Largest of all salivary glands located in area below front of the ears

51
Q

What is the duct called in the Parotid

A

STENSENS DUCT

52
Q

Which salivary gland produces the MOST saliva at 60-65%

A

Submandibular salivary gland

53
Q

Which salivary gland lies beneath the mandible?

A

Submandibular salivary gland

54
Q

What is the duct called in the submandibular salivary gland?

A

Wharton’s Duct

55
Q

Which is the smallest salivary gland and what percentage of saliva does it produce?

A

Sublingual Salivary Gland. Produces 10%

56
Q

What is the duct called in the Sublingual salivary duct?

A

Bartholin’s Duct

57
Q

What may block the salivary glands in the duct opening?

A

Sialolith (stones)

58
Q

What is Carotid

A

main artery that supplies blood to the face area and brain.

59
Q

How many nerves are there in the cranial nerves

60
Q

What is innervation?

A

nerves being attached to

61
Q

What is the trigeminal nerve

A

Primary source of nerves being attached to (innervation) the oral cavity (mouth)

62
Q

How many divisions does the trigeminal nerve divide into?

63
Q

What are the three main divisions of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE

A

Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

64
Q

The SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE supplies the __

65
Q

The INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE supplies the ____

66
Q

What is the Minor salivary gland called?

A

Von Ebner’s salivary gland
located on top of tounge

Dental Assisting (52 decks)

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