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Dental Assisting > CHAPTER 17:ORAL PATHOLOGY > Flashcards

CHAPTER 17:ORAL PATHOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

What is oral pathology?

A

study of diseases in the oral cavity

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2
Q

many systemic diseases have oral manifestations. true or false?

A

true

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3
Q

name the 8 sources of information used to make a final diagnosis

A 
historical
clinical
radiographic
microscopic
laboratory
therapeutic
surgical
differential findings
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4
Q

what kind of information is needed for a historical finding

A

patients history, family history, race etc.

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5
Q

what kind of information is needed for a clinical finding

A

examining the patients mouth

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6
Q

what kind of information is needed for a radiographic finding

A

taking x ray

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7
Q

what kind of information is needed for a microscopic finding

A

taking a biopsy

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8
Q

what kind of information is needed for a laboratory finding

A

running some tests (blood tests etc)

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9
Q

what kind of information or procedure is needed for therapeutic information

A

providing treatment to the patient

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10
Q

what kind of information or procedure is needed for a surgical finding

A

surgery

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11
Q

what kind of information or procedure is needed for a differential finding

A

coming to a conclusion for a diagnosis from 2 or more findings.

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12
Q

what is glositis?

A

inflammation of the tongue

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13
Q

what is xerostemia?

A

dry mouth

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14
Q

what is inflammation?

A

the body’s protective response to irritation

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15
Q

what is an infection?

A

entry of harmful microorganisms

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16
Q

define acute inflammation

A

happens suddenly. minimal and short lasting injury. tissue repairs quickly

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17
Q

define chronic inflammation

A

when injury and irritation of the tissue continues and stays long term. harder to treat

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18
Q

what are the classic signs of inflammation ?

A

redness
heat on the area
swelling
pain

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19
Q

what are oral lesions?

A

abnormal tissues in the oral cavity

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20
Q

what is erosion?

A

shallow injury in the mucosa caused by MECHANICAL TRAUMA

chewing, accidentally biting cheeks, eating very acidic food

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21
Q

what is ulcer?

A

break in the mucosa that looks like a PUNCHED OUT area like a crater.

may be ragged, red and painful.

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22
Q

what is an abscess?

A

a collection of pus in a specific area.

commonly found in the apex (tip) of a tooth

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23
Q

what is pus?

A

collection of WHITE blood cells

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24
Q

what is a cyst?

A

FLUID FILLED SAC.

not always infectious

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25
Q

name the lesions below the mucosal surface?

A 
erosion
cysts
ulcer
abscess 
pus
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26
Q

blisters (vesicles)

A

filled with a watery fluid

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27
Q

pustule

A

looks like a blister but filled with pus

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28
Q

hematoma

A

similar to a blister but filled with blood

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29
Q

what is plaque?

A

patch or flat area that is SLIGHTLY RAISED from surface

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30
Q

name some lesions above the mucosal surface

A

vesicles (blister)
hematoma
pustule
plaque

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31
Q

medical term for bruise

A

ecchymosis

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32
Q

what is a tumour?

A

a mass of tissue that grows beyond the normal size.

may be benign or malignant

33
Q

name two lesions even with the mucosal surface

A

ecchymosis

tumour

34
Q

leukoplakia

A

white patch

35
Q

how do you classify a leukoplakia?

A

the lesion should be firmly attached to the underlying tissue and cannot be scraped off.

36
Q

lichen planus

A

inflammatory benign skin condition that affects the skin and oral mucosa; appears as flat-topped pink or purple bumps

patchy white lesions on the oral mucosa that have a netlike pattern called WICKHAMS STRIAE

37
Q

candidiasis

A

infection caused by the YEAST LIKE FUNGUS called CANDIDA ALBICANS

38
Q

candidiasis be caused by what

A

antibiotic therapy
diabetes
xerostemia
weak immune system

39
Q

candida albicans

A

a yeast like fungus

40
Q

pseudomembranous candidiasis

A

THRUSH
(creamy white plaques)
common in babies

41
Q

oral manifestation of atrophic candidiasis (erythematous candidiasis)

A

burning or scalding mouth

“like swallowing something too hot”

42
Q

APTHOUS ULCER

A

aka CANKER SORES

outbreaks of blister like sores INSIDE THE MOUTH
and on the lips

43
Q

cellulitis

A

uncontrolled inflammation within a localized area which spreads throughout soft tissues and organs.

44
Q

symptoms of cellulitis

A

high fever, severe pain

45
Q

“black hairy tongue”

A

when the filiform papillae becomes elongated and darkly stained causing hair like appearance

46
Q

what is black hairy tongue be caused by?

A

oral flora imbalance

47
Q

“geographic tongue”

A

surface of the tongue loses areas of filiform papillae and causes irregularly shaped patterns
(like a map)

48
Q

fissured tongue

A

top of tongue has deep grooves and fissures

this is normal

49
Q

pernicious anemia

A

body does not absorb vitamin b12

50
Q

symptoms of pernicious anemia

A

anemia
weakness
fatigue

51
Q

oral manifestations of pernicious anemia

A

ANGULAR CHEILITIS

ulceration and redness at corners of mouth

52
Q

carcinoma

A

malignant neoplasm (growth) of the epithelium (tissue lining the mouth) that invades surrounding bones and connective tissue

53
Q

what is leukemia

A

cancer of the blood

54
Q

oral manifestations of leukemia

A 
hemorrhage
ulceration
enlargement
spongy texture
magenta gingiva
55
Q

osteoradionecrosis

A

death of the bone

extraction of teeth should be done before radiation therapy

56
Q

H.I.V

A

human immunodeficiency virus

57
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome

58
Q

what is aids

A

END OF STAGE disease for an individual infected with HIV

59
Q

oral manifestation of aids

A
  • HIV GINGIVITIS (atypical gingivitis)

- HIV PERIODONTITIS

60
Q

what is HIV GINGIVITIS

A

acute bright red line along the border of free gingival margin

61
Q

what is HIV PERIODONTIS

A

acute necrotizing gingivitis

62
Q

symptoms of HIV periodontis

A
  • interproximal necrosis and cratering
  • swelling and redness over the free and attached gingiva
  • bad breath
  • intense pain
  • spontaneous bleeding
63
Q

Cervical lymphadenopathy

A

enlargement of cervical nodes

64
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

bluish blackish or reddish blotches that are usually FLAT in the early stages

65
Q

what does Kaposi’s sarcoma diagnose

A

onset of aids

66
Q

What is herpes simplex

A

AKA COLD SORES

ulcer like lesions that occur on the border of lip

67
Q

What is a congenital disorder

A

abnormalities present at birth.

68
Q

the two factors that developmental disturbances are caused by

A

genetic

environmental

69
Q

Teratogens

A

environmental factors that have a negative effect on development

70
Q

macrognathia

A

abnormally large jaws

71
Q

micrognathia

A

abnormally small jaws

72
Q

exotosis(torus)

A

BENIGN bony growth

73
Q

ankyloglossia

A

AKA tongue TIED

74
Q

anodontia

A

congenital absence of teeth

75
Q

premature eruption

A

teeth present at birth

76
Q

impaction

A

tooth that remains unerupted in the jaws. No room to erupt

77
Q

ankylosis

A

decidious(primary) teeth that has fused to cementum and dentin and does not exfoliate.

78
Q

abrasion

A

ABNORMAL wear away of teeth structure caused by repetitive habit (improper brushing of teeth)

79
Q

attrition

A

NORMAL wearing away of a tooth structure during chewing

can also be caused by bruxism

Dental Assisting (52 decks)

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