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Dental Assisting > CHAPTER 13 & 14 : DENTAL CARIES & PERIODONTITS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 13 & 14 : DENTAL CARIES & PERIODONTITS Flashcards

1
Q

How caries form

A

bacteria + food = acid
acid breaks down enamel and causes hole in tooth

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2
Q

Dental caries

A

(tooth decay) infectious and communicable disease

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3
Q

two groups of bacteria that causes caries

A

Mutans streptococci (MS)
lactobacilli (LB)

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4
Q

does the oral cavity of a newborn contain MS? (mutans streptococci)

A

No, it does not

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5
Q

Dental plaque

A

soft mass of bacterial deposits that covers tooth surfaces

colourless, soft sticky coating that adheres to teeth

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6
Q

Can you get rid of dental plaque with self cleansing movements such as swishing water around the mouth ?

A

no, you cannot. you need to brush your teeth to get rid of plaque

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7
Q

Disclosing agent

A

a special dye that makes plaque visible

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8
Q

primary teeth are made up of slightly more _____ than ________ teeth

A

water
permanent teeth

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9
Q

three process that must be present to form caries

A
  1. susceptible tooth
    2.diet rich in fermented carbs
    3.specific bacteria
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10
Q

sugar is a type of what that causes caries?

A

carbohydrates

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11
Q

demineralization

A

loss of minerals from the tooth

occurs when calcium and phosphate dissolve from hydroxyapatite crystals in the enamel.

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12
Q

remineralization

A

minerals being added back to the tooth

calcium and phosphate are redeposited in previously demineralized areas

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13
Q

stages of carries

A

1st stage: incipient caries - occurs when caries begin to demineralize enamel. looks chalky white

2nd stage: overt lesion (frank lesion) - cavitation or cavity hole throughout mouth

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14
Q

rampant caries

A

caries that are present in many areas of the mouth/teeth

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15
Q

how do rampant caries occur?

A

xerostemia

excessive and frequent sucrose intake

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16
Q

secondary (recurrent caries)

A

forms in tiny spaces between the tooth and the margins of restoration

difficult to diagnose and you cannot see it easily. xrays might be needed

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17
Q

root caries

A

when caries attack the roots

occurs on the root of teeth with gingival recession

18
Q

which part of of the tooth is more susceptible to caries than the enamel because it has less mineral content?

A

cementum covering

19
Q

why is saliva good for our teeth?

A

helps with remineralization

20
Q

How does Early Childhood Caries (ECC) occur?

A

most often when the milk bottle is left in the babies mouth while they are sleeping

21
Q

miracle fluid that provides physical, chemical and antibacterial properties

A

saliva

22
Q

chemical protection

A

remineralization -> neutralizes acid in teeth

23
Q

small proteins that neutralize acids in teeth

A

bicarbonate +phosphate

24
Q

Methods to diagnose caries

A

dental explorer
radiographs (xray)
visual appearance
indicator dyes

25
Q

laser caries detector

A

diagnose caries and reveal bacterial activity

(does not detect interproximal caries, subgingival caries or secondary caries)

26
Q

CAMBRA

A

Carries management By Risk Assessment

27
Q

what is the purpose of CAMBRA

A

strategy for preventative and reparative care of early dental caries

28
Q

the caries process can be interupted or prevented by

A

flouride
decreased fermentable carbs
increased salivary flow

29
Q

Caries Risk Test ( CRT )

A

a test used to detect numbers of MS and LB bacteria present in saliva

30
Q

periodontium

A

composed of gingiva, periodontal ligaments, alveolar bone, cementum

structures that surround, and support the teeth in place

31
Q

Periodontal disease

A

infection of the structures that support the teeth

(gums and bone)

32
Q

calculus

A

hard, stonelike material that attaches to the tooth surface.

33
Q

what is the first sign of periodontal disease?

A

gingivitis

34
Q

can calculus be removed by brushing alone?

A

no you need to get your teeth cleaned by a hygienist

35
Q

what is calculus divided into ?

A

supragingival (above the gingiva)
subgingival (below the gingiva)

36
Q

acquired pellicle

A

thin film of protein that quickly forms on teeth
mostly occurs after brushing

37
Q

periodontal disease includes both what ?

A

gingivitis+periodontitis

38
Q

pyogenic granuloma

A

tumour on gingiva

can happen during pregnancy and hormone changes

39
Q

periodontitis

A

inflammation of the periodontium

40
Q

less than 30% of affected site

A

localized

41
Q

more than 30% of affected site

A

generalized

42
Q

severity of disease is determined as follows :

A

slight or early
moderate
severe or advanced

Dental Assisting (52 decks)

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