Chapter 53: Dental Implants Flashcards
used to attach artificial teeth to anchors (like posts) that have been surgically embedded into the bone
dental implants
how long can an implant procedure take to complete?
3-9 months
what type of dental team can a placement of implant consist of?
oral and maxillofacial surgeon
periodontist
prosthodontist
implantologist (general dentist with specialized training)
The type of specialist who performs the procedure is MORE important than the ability, experience, and education of the clinician involved.
true or false
false. It is LESS important than the ability, experience and education of the clinician involved.
success rate of an implant
90%
if there is effective home care and regular dental visits are maintained.
how long can dental implant last
20 years and in some cases a lifetime
indications for dental implants:
• To replace one or more teeth
• To replace a bridge and eliminate the need for a removable partial denture
• To provide support for a denture
• To prevent bone loss and gum recession
• To enhance the patient’s confidence
• To improve the patient’s overall psychologic health
• To improve the esthetic appearance
contraindications to implants :
- more expensive
-longer treatment time
-risk for infection
-bruxism - can be emotionally challenging for some patients.
-may need to be replaced.
Types of bone diseases that interfere with osteointegration or a compromised immune system can affect the healing process.
t or f
TRUE
The ideal candidate to receive an implant:
-is in stable health
-has adequate alveolar ridge
-willing to commit to good oral hygiene and regular dental visits.
types of patient evaluation that are done before a dental implant is performed on a patient
-psychologic evaluation
-dental evaluation
-medical history and evaluation
-specialized radiograph and imaging (panoramic, cephalometric, tomographic views)
made from a clear acrylic resin and will be used as a guide or template that is positioned over the alveolar ridge to guide the proper angulation and axis for drilling into the bone and placing the implant screws in their proper position in bone
surgical stent
this type of consent is required before treatment begins
written infromed consent
what should the written infromed consent consist of
(1) information on implants
(2) complications of implant surgery
(3) prognosis
(4) time frame
(5) home care
(6) follow-up appointments.
It is recommended that the implant team consist of at least three persons:
1.the clinician
2.the surgical dental assistant
3.the nonsterile circulating assistant
an important component of an implants success or failure is what?
bone density
the density of bone in the ______ anterior area is greater than that of the ______ anterior.
mandibular
maxillary
are synthetic biocompatible materials that allow bone growth from the existing bone.
Osteoconductive materials
are processed cadaver bone and come in three forms: frozen, freeze-dried, and demineralized freeze-dried material.
Osteoinductive materials
an autogenous bone, which is a bone graft taken from other areas of the patient, for example, the iliac crest.
Osteogenesis
also known as osseointegrated implants, and are the most common type of implant placed.
this implant is surgically placed into the jawbone
endosteal implants
Each implant holds one or more prosthetic teeth.
This type of implant generally is used for patients requiring a crown, bridge, or partial and full denture.
endosteal implant
Implants and abutment screws are commonly made from this metal
titanium because of its compatibility with bone and oral tissues
what can titanium implants be coated with
hydroxiapetite
Endosteal implants have three components:
1.The titanium implant
2.The titanium abutment screw
3. The abutment post or cylinder
the process by which the living cells of the jawbone naturally grow around the implanted dental supports
Osseointegration
how many appointments are needed for endosteal implants
3 appointments
how many months is the osseointegration period
3-6 months
this implant is a metal frame that is placed under the periosteum and on top of the bone
subperiosteal implant
Subperiosteal implants are indicated for patients who:
do not have enough alveolar ridge remaining (to support the endosteal-type implant)
most frequently to support a MANDIBULAR complete denture
this implant is inserted through the inferior border of the mandible and into the edentulous area
Transosteal Implant
These implants are used primarily in patients with severely resorbed ridges and only when no other options exist.
transosteal implant
The most common type of transosteal implant are called the
transmandibular staple implant,
OR
fixed mandibular implant.
The health of this tissue is a critical factor in the success of dental implants.
peri-implant tissue
this tissue responds to bacterial plaque with inflammation and bleeding, similarly to gingival tissues around a normal tooth
peri-implant
forms on implants just as on natural teeth.
dental plaque and calculus
why is calculus easy to remove from implants?
implants have a smooth surface, it cannot become embedded in the titanium surface.
the goal is to remove all plaque and debris from implants how many times a day ?
atleast once daily
the following devices are essential in plaque removal for implant patients:
• Toothbrushes, manual or electric
• Single-tufted toothbrushes
• Partial denture clasp brushes
• Interproximal brushes
• Floss
• Dental implant floss, with a stiff, curved end.
specific factors that affect the success of the implant:
• Patient health and lifestyle factors
• Presence of periodontal disease
• Lack of osseointegration
• Fracture of bone during the osteotomy
• Graft failure
• Prosthetic design
• Postimplant soft tissue defects
• Miscalculation of bone density or tissue thickness
• Improper selection of type of implant
• Poor drilling technique
• Patient force factors
provides a natural-looking and functional replacement for missing teeth that combines the principles from fixed and removable prosthodontics with the use of bone-anchored implants.
dental implant
The placement of dental implants involves both ______ & ______ of prosthesis
surgery and delivery
the lower full denture yields a low rate of patient satisfaction, whereas implant dentistry has a better chance of solving the problems associated with a mandibular denture.
t or f
TRUE
type of medical conditions that can contraindicate implants:
bone diseases that interfere with osteointegration
or
a compromised immune system can affect the healing process.
SPECIFIC medical conditions that could interfere with implants include
-diabetes
-a suppressed immune system
-chemotherapy treatment for cancer.
useful for locating the exact positions of anatomical structures such as:
-the inferior alveolar nerve
-mental foramen
-maxillary sinus
-nasal floor,
-any abnormalities
radiographs
what is the patients mouth rinsed with during sterile surgical implant procedure
0.1% chlorhexidine.
what kind of PPE do the clinician and surgical dental assistant wear during surgery
gown, mask, talcum powder free sterile gloves
what kind of packaging are implants delivered in during the implant procedure
double aseptic packaging
