Chapter 9 - Fire Pump Theory Flashcards by Sara Jones

What should be worn during operations and where should nonessential personnel and civilians be kept?
A. PPE and a safe distance
B. eye protection and warm
C. PPE and warm
D. eye protection and as close as possible

A. PPE and a safe distance

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Drivers should be aware of the _____ involved in pumping operations and the potential for _____ to personnel and _____ to equipment and property should a component fail.

pressure
injury
damage

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It is necessary to increase the existing pressure with fire dept. pumpers in order to maintain pressure sufficient for fire fighting operations. Where is an exception?
A. a few well developed municipal water systems
B. some industrial complexes or other specialized locations
C. many small town private water systems
D. a few local privately owned businesses
E. A and B

E. A and B

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Early pumps used for fire service were hand-operated _____ pumps.

piston

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What kind of pump is described as a handle that was pumped operating a piston in a cylinder, forcing water out of the pump to supply water under pressure?
A. rotary pump
B. constant flow pump
C. piston pump
D. on-board pump

C. piston pump

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What kind of old pump used a hand crank to rotate a gear, forcing water through the pump and hoses?
A. rotary pump
B. constant flow pump
C. piston pump
D. on-board pump

A. rotary pump

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Single and double action piston pumps of various diameters and strokes replaced the _____ pump.

rotary

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What kind of pumps are self priming, deliver a definite volume of water or air, and exhaust air from the pump and deliver water?

positive displacement pumps

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Positive displacement pumps are “______ flow machines” in that they produce the same ____ at a given speed regardless of _________ pressure.

constant
flow
discharge

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With each operating cycle of a positive displacement pump, all the air and water are \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_ of the pump.
A. forced out
B. recycled out
C. sucked out
D. all of the above

A. forced out

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In order for modern fire apparatus to use static water sources, they continue to have a form of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pressure pump (priming pump) connected to the main fire pump.
A. high
B. low
C. back
D. positive

D. positive

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Modern fire department pumpers are equipped with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pumps as their main pump.
A. centrifugal
B. positive pressure
C. negative pressure
D. piston pumps

A. centrifugal

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This type of pump does NOT use positive action to force water from the pump but rather it depends on the velocity of the water produced by centrifugal force to provide the pressure needed to achieve proper discharge pressure.

centrifugal pump

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Why, even though positive displacement pumps have been replaced by the centrifugal pump as the MAIN pumping unit, do they still serve a vital role on modern apparatus?
A. they remove air trapped in the centrifugal pump and water is forced into the pump with atmospheric pressure
B. ability to pump air and foam
C. used as priming devices to get water into the centrifugal pump during drafting
D. all of the above

D. all of the above

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What kind of pump is a piston pump?

positive displacement pump

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What kind of pump uses a piston that moves back and forth in a cylinder?

piston pump

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The pressure developed by a \_\_\_\_ pump causes intake and discharge valves to operate and causes movement of air, water and foam.
A. centrifugal
B. rotary
C. piston
D. none of the above

C. piston

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Are piston pumps used as high-capacity pumps?

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All though not used as high-capacity pumps, are some piston pumps still in service for high pressure stream fire fighting? YES or NO

YES

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These multicylinder, PTO-driven pumps can provide pressures up to 1,000 psi for high-pressure fog lines or to inject foam concentrate into a water line or manifold at a higher pressure than the water pump is creating.
A. rotary pump
B. centrifugal pump
C. gear pump
D. piston pump

D. piston pump

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What type of pump, from the standpoint of DESIGN, are the most simplest of all fire apparatus pumps?
A. rotary pump
B. centrifugal pump
C. gear pump
D. piston pump

A. rotary pump

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What kind of pump, in modern apparatus, is confined to small capacity, booster-type pumps, low volume, high-pressure pumps and priming pumps?
A. rotary pump
B. centrifugal pump
C. gear pump
D. piston pump

A. rotary pump

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Most rotary pumps in use today are either rotary-\_\_\_\_\_\_ or rotary-\_\_\_\_ construction.
A. piston, vane
B. gear, piston
C. gear, vane
D. cylinder, vane

C. gear, vane

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Rotary pumps are driven by either a small \_\_\_\_\_\_ motor or through a \_\_\_\_\_ that extends from the apparatus drive shaft.
A. gas, tube
B. gas, clutch
C. electric, tube
D. electric, clutch

D. electric, clutch

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Rotary ____ pumps consist of two gears that rotate in a tightly meshed pattern inside a watertight case.

gear

``` In a rotary gear pump, the gears are constructed so that they ______ each other and are in _____ proximity to the case. A. contact, close B. overlap, close C. are on top of, far D. contact, far ```

A. contact, close

The gears of a rotary GEAR pump form ___________ and airtight pockets as they turn from the intake to the outlet.

watertight

In a rotary GEAR pump, as the gear ______ reaches the discharge chamber, the air or water contained in that pocket is forced out of the pump.

tooth

``` What prevents the water or air that has been discharged from the pump from returning to the intake on a rotary gear pump? A. the gears are spread out enough B. the gears are meshed tightly enough C. the gears open slightly D. the gears slow down to prevent it ```

B. the gears are meshed tightly enough

What do the size of the pockets in the gears AND the speed of the rotation effect in a rotary gear pump? A. how fast the water can be pumped B. if water can return from the discharge C. the total amount of water that can be pumped D. where the water will end up

C. the total amount of water that can be pumped

Why is the rotary gear pump a positive displacement pump? Each pocket in the gears contains a _______ amount of water, which is forced out of the pump ____ time the gears turn with a positive action.

- definite | - each

A rotary gear pump is a positive displacement pump because each pocket in the gears contains a definite amount of water, which is forced out of the pump each time the gears turn with a positive action. If the pump tries to move _____ water than the discharge lines can take away, _______ builds up and a _______ relief devices must be provided to handle the excess.

- more - pressure - pressure

If water is laden with sand and debris, just like a piston pump, a rotary gear pump is susceptible to WHAT (besides normal wear and tear)

damage

``` If water is laden with sand and debris, just like a piston pump, a rotary gear pump is susceptible to damage (besides normal wear and tear). To prevent damage to the casing, most gear pumps feature GEARS made of _______ or other ____ _____. A. gold, soft metals B. silver, hard metals C. gold, hard metals D. bronze, soft metals ```

D. bronze, soft metals

``` If water is laden with sand and debris, just like a piston pump, a rotary gear pump is susceptible to damage (besides normal wear and tear). To prevent damage to the casing, most gear pumps feature GEARS made of bronze or other soft metal. What kind of metal is used for the pumping case? A. gold B. cast iron C. silver D. bronze ```

B. cast iron

What is the most common type of pump used to prime a centrifugal fire pump?

rotary vane pump

``` This pump is constructed with moveable elements that automatically compensate for wear, maintaining a tighter fit with closer clearances as the pump is used. A. rotary vane pump B. centrifugal pump C. gear pump D. piston pump ```

A. rotary vane pump

In what pump is the rotor mounted off center inside the housing?

rotary VANE pump

Where is the distance greater from the rotor to the housing on a rotary vane pump? A. greater at the intake than the discharge B. greater at the discharge than the intake

A. greater at the intake than the discharge

Are the vanes free to move within the slot where they are mounted on a rotary van pump? YES or NO

YES

Where are the vans forced against by centrifugal force as the rotor turns on a rotary vane pump?

housing

What happens to the vanes when their surface becomes worn down due to contact with the casing and causes it to maintain a tight fit? A. they replace themselves every 3rd use B. centrifugal force retracts them further C. centrifugal force extends them further D. the driver/operator must replace them

C. centrifugal force extends them further

When vanes that come in contact with the casing become worn down, centrifugal force extends them further to maintain a tight fit. This self-adjusting feature makes the rotary vane pump more ________ at pumping AIR than a rotary gear pump.

efficient

As the rotor turns, air is trapped between the rotor and the casing in the pockets formed by adjacent vanes. What type of pump is this describing?

rotary vane pumps

As the rotor turns, air is trapped between the rotor and the casing in the pockets formed by adjacent vanes. As the vanes turn, this pocket becomes smaller, which compresses the air and causes pressure to build up. What type of pump is this describing?

rotary vane pumps

As the vanes progress toward the discharge opening on a rotary vane pump, what happens to the pockets?

become even more smaller

At the discharge of a rotary vane pump, what does the level of pressure become that forces the trapped air out of the pump?

maximized/maximum

How is the air/water prevented from returning to the intake on a rotary vane pump? A. close spacing of the rotor at the discharge B. vanes become larger at the discharge C. vanes slow down closer to the discharge D. a valve closes behind the van

A. close spacing of the rotor at the discharge

As in the rotary gear pump, in the rotary vane pump, the air being ______ from the intake side reduces pressure, creating a ______. This forces water into the pump by atmospheric pressure until it ____ with water. At this point, the pump is primed and _____ water out of the discharge in the same manner as air was forced out.

- evacuated - vacuum - fills - forces

If not exercised regularly, ROTARY pumps are prone to what?

failure

During routine apparatus checks, what should be done to ROTARY pumps to avoid failure?

operate them

Why is a centrifugal pump classified as a NONpositive displacement pump? A. pumps a definite amount of water with each revolution B. does NOT pump a definite amount of water with each revolution C. it does not use suction D. none of these

B. does NOT pump a definite amount of water with each revolution

What type of pump imparts velocity to the water and converts it to a pressure within the pump itself?

centrifugal pump

The OPERATION of what pump is based on the principle that a rapidly revolving disk tends to throw water introduced at its center toward the outer edges of the disk?

centrifugal pump

``` On a centrifugal pump, the ______ acts as the disk receiving its water through the ___ in the center. A. propeller, hole B. propeller, eye C. impeller, hole C. impeller, eye ```

C. impeller, eye

``` On a centrifugal pump, the impeller acts as the disk receiving its water through the eye in the center. The water is thrown out to the ________ around the outside edge of the pump housing. A. propeller B. vanes C. gear D. volute ```

D. volute

What dictates the amount of pressure that is developed in a centrifugal pump?

speed of the impeller

The speed if the impeller dictates the amount of pressure developed in a centrifugal pump. The _______ the disk turned, the ______ the water is thrown, giving the water more _______.

- faster - harder - velocity

On a centrifugal pump, if the water is contained at the edge of the disk, the water at the _____ of the container begins to move __________, toward the path of least _________.

- center - outward - resistance

``` On a centrifugal pump, if the water is contained at the edge of the disk, the water at the center of the container begins to move outward, toward the path of least resistance. The velocity of water is converted to _______ by confining the water within the container. A. pressure B. pounds per square inch C. ice D. A and B ```

A. pressure

On a centrifugal pump, the _____ to which the water rises, or the extent to which it overcomes the ______ of gravity, is based on the ______ of the impeller's rotation.

- height - force - speed

``` Based on the manufacturer's recommendations, in order to develop the revolutions per minute required for full use of a centrifugal pump, the transmission must be WHAT? A. placed in park B. placed in the correct gear C. placed in cool environment D. placed in reverse ```

B. placed in the correct gear

What pump has an impeller assembly with the impeller, shaft and seals?

centrifugal pump

In a centrifugal pump, the impeller transmits energy in the form of WHAT to the water?

velocity

``` What part of the centrifugal pump houses the impeller assembly, collects the water and confines it in order to convert the velocity to pressure? A. impeller B. shaft C. seals D. pump casing ```

D. pump casing

``` What part of the centrifugal pump directs the water to the discharge opening of the pump? A. impeller B. shaft C. seals D. pump casing ```

D. pump casing

``` What about the impellers rotation is a ratio based upon the power train configuration on a centrifugal pump? A. the speed B. the distance C. the timing D. the force ```

A. the speed

Where is water introduced from the intake to on a centrifugal pump?

the eye

``` The volume capacity of the centrifugal pump is dictated by the size of what? A. impeller B. shaft C. seals D. pump casing ```

A. impeller

Does a larger impeller have a larger eye, allowing greater flow capacity on a centrifugal pump? YES or NO

YES

As the water comes in contact with the vans of the impeller of a centrifugal pump, it is thrown by centrifugal force to the _________ of the impeller.

outside

``` What confines the water in its travels to the outside of the impeller in a centrifugal pump? (the _______ of the impeller) A. the shrouds of the impeller B. the sides of the impeller C. the backs of the impeller D. the tips of the impeller ```

A. the shrouds of the impeller

``` The water is confined in its travel by the shrouds of the impeller in a centrifugal pump, which _______ the velocity for a given speed of ________. A. slows, time B. increases, time C. increases, rotation D. slows, rotation ```

C. increases, rotation

Is the impeller off set within the casing in a centrifugal pump? YES or NO

YES

The offsetting of the impeller within the casing of a centrifugal pump creates water passage of gradually _________ size as it nears the ________ outlet of the pump.

- increase | - discharge

``` What is the spiral, divergent chamber of a centrifugal pump in which the velocity energy given to water by the impeller blades is converted into pressure? A. combine B. volute C. chamber D. impeller eye ```

B. volute

The _________ size of the volute is necessary because the volume of water passing through it _______ as it nears the discharge outlet.

- increasing | - increases

``` In a centrifugal pump, the gradual increasing in size reduces the v______ of the water, enabling the _______ to build up proportionately. A. volume, pressure B. volume, water C. velocity, water D. velocity, pressure ```

D. velocity, pressure

Three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 1. _______ of water being discharged 2. _______ at which the impeller is turning 3. ________ of water when it enters the pump from a pressurized source (hydrant, relay, etc.)

1. amount 2. speed 3. pressure

There are three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 1. amount of water being discharged. If the discharge outlet is large enough in diameter to allow the water to escape as it is thrown from the ______ and collected in the ______, the pressure buildup will be very small.

- impeller | - volute

There are three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 1. amount of water being discharged. If the discharge outlet is _____, a high pressure buildup will result.

closed

There are three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 1. amount of water being discharged. With all other factors remaining constant, the ______ of output pressure that a pump may develop is _______ dependent on the volume of water it is discharged. Thus the discharge volume affects both the intake and _______ pressures.

- amount - directly - discharge

There are three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 2. speed at which the impeller is turning. Greater pressure is developed with increased impeller speed. The increase in pressure is roughly equal to the ______ of the change in impeller speed.

square (#²)

double = 2², 4 times as much

YES

There are three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 3. pressure of water when it enters the pump from a pressurized source (hydrant, relay, etc.). When water is supplied to the eye of the impeller, it moves through the impeller by ________. Any movement of the impeller increases both the _______ and the corresponding _______ buildup of the water in the volute.

- itself - velocity - pressure

There are three main factors that influence a centrifugal fire pump's discharge pressure: 3. pressure of water when it enters the pump from a pressurized source (hydrant, relay, etc.). Because the _______ pressure from hydrants, relays etc. adds directly to the pressure developed by the pump, incoming pressure changes are reflected in the ________ pressure.

- incoming | - discharge

A centrifugal pump IS able to pump air. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE

A centrifugal pump in NOT self-priming. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

``` To draft from a static water source and prime a centrifugal pump, an _______ priming pump may be used to remove the air and allow atmospheric pressure to force water into the pump. A. external B. automatic C. air actualizing D. all of the above ```

A. external

What is typically used to prime a centrifugal pump and used to remove the air and allow atmospheric pressure to force water into the pump.

rotating vane pump

``` To draft from a static water source and prime a centrifugal pump, the use of a device that employs ___ from the apparatus braking system to power a _______ device that removes air from the suction side of the pump can be used. A. grease, venturi B. power, venturi C. air, outside D. air, venturi ```

D. air, venturi

``` To draft from a static water source and prime a centrifugal pump, use of a ____ valve attached to the suction hose strainer may be involved. A. detachable B. quarter turn C. foot D. back flow ```

C. foot

What are the 2 basic types of centrifugal pumps in the fire service?

- single stage | - multi stage

There is a phenomenon of ________ due to recirculation in single stage pumps, where excess capacity is not allowed to escape the impeller area.

cavitation

There is a phenomenon of cavitation due to recirculation in single stage pumps, where excess capacity is not allowed to escape the impeller area. This can do what to the pump?

cause damage

What are called single-stage centrifugal pumps? (those constructed with what?)

those constructed with a single impeller

``` What do single-stage centrifugal pumps have a flow capacity of UP to? A. 2,000 gpm B. 1,250 gpm C. 2,500 gpm D. 2,250 gpm ```

D. 2,250 gpm

What kind of centrifugal pump may consist of front-mount pumps, power take off, auxiliary engine driven and midship pumps that use a single intake impeller and a simple casing to provide flow capacities of up to 2,250 gpm.

single-stage centrifugal pumps

High-capacity pumps require large _______ with waterways that present a _________ amount of opposition to the movement of water. (single-stage centrifugal pumps)

- impellers | - minimum

Newtons' Third Law of Physics states that for every action......

there is an equal and opposite reaction

Newtons' Third Law of Physics states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The water in motion in the pump creates ______ on the pump, its bearings, and other moving parts as well as the casing mounted to the truck frame.(single-stage centrifugal pump)

stress

``` What may be used to minimize the lateral thrust of large quantities of water entering the eye of the impeller? (single-stage centrifugal pump) A. a stoppage valve B. double-suction impeller C. two way opening C. smaller eye ```

B. double-suction impeller

The double-suction impeller, which may be used to minimize the lateral thrust of large quantities of water entering the eye of the impeller, takes water from ____ sides. (single-stage centrifugal pump)

both

``` The double-suction impeller takes water from both sides. The reaction of each side being equal and opposite cancels out the lateral _______. A. thrust B. movement C. water D. side ```

A. thrust

The double-suction impeller takes water from both sides. The reaction of each side being equal and opposite cancels out the lateral thrust. it also provides a larger _______ for movement of water through the ________. (single-stage centrifugal pump)

- waterway | - impeller

On a single-stage centrifugal pump, because the impeller turns at a slow rate of speed, the radial thrust is developed as the water is delivered to the discharge outlet. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE - high rate of speed

On what type of pump do the stripping edges in the opposed discharge volutes divert the water into tow streams that are 180° apart.

single-stage centrifugal pump

What in a single-stage centrifugal pump cancels the radial thrust when water is being removed? A. water traveling in the same direction B. water traveling around the outside C. water traveling in opposite directions D. water traveling backwards

C. water traveling in opposite directions

``` The design of the single-stage centrifugal pump provides a hydraulically ________ pump that reduces stress on the pump and vehicle _____, helping lengthen the service life of the pump AND apparatus. A. balanced, chassis B. equipped, engine C. serviced, wheels D. equal, driver ```

A. balanced, chassis

What kind of pump has an impeller for each stage mounted in a single housing?

multistage centrifugal

On a multistage centrifugal pump, the impellers are usually mounted on a double shaft driven by a double train. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE, singe shaft driven by a single train

``` On a multistage centrifugal pump, generally the impellers are ______ and have the same _______. A. identical, size B. identical, markings C. round, size D. identical, capacity ```

D. identical, capacity

The feature of this pump makes it more EFFICIENT; the capability to connect the stages in series for maximum pressure or in parallel for maximum volume by use of a transfer valve.

multistage centrifugal pump

How does one change a multistage centrifugal pump from connected in a series for maximum pressure to parallel for maximum volume?

transfer valve

When you pump in parallel position on a multistage pump, you are pumping in what?

volume

When you pump in parallel position on a multistage pump, each of the impellers takes water from a source and delivers it to the discharge. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

When you pump in parallel position on a multistage pump, each of the impellers takes water from a source and delivers it to the discharge. Each of the impellers is capable of delivering its rated pressure while flowing __% of its rated capacity.

When you pump in parallel position on a multistage pump, each of the impellers is capable of delivering its rated pressure while flowing 50% of its rated capacity. Therefore, the total amount of water the pump can deliver is equal to the sum of the stages. An example would be if it is rated 1,000 gpm at 150psi, how much would each of the impellers supply to the pump discharge manifold?

500 gpm

When you pump in parallel position on a multistage pump, each of the impellers is capable of delivering its rated pressure while flowing 50% of its rated capacity. Therefore, the total amount of water the pump can deliver is equal to the sum of the stages. at the pump DISCHARGE MANIFOLD, what combines together to create the gpm available at a net pressure that it is supplied?

the two streams from each impeller

What type of pump must a driver know that although the pump receives its maximum flow at lets say, 150 psi, the volume of the pump may increase with the capability of the source.

multistage centrifugal pump

When you pump in series position on a multistage centrifugal pump, you are pumping in what?

pressure

When the transfer valve of a multistage centrifugal pump is set in pressure, where is the water directed from the intake manifold?

into the eye of the first impeller

Depending on the specific pump, on a multistage centrifugal pump in series, the first stage increases pressure and discharges __ to __ % of the volume capacity through the TRANSFER VALVE and into the eye of the second impeller.

50 - 70%

In a multistage centrifugal pump in series, once the second impeller receives the 50-70% volume capacity from the first impeller through the transfer valve, what does it do with the water?

increases the pressure, delivers the water at higher pressures though the discharge port

``` Setting the transfer valve to series (pressure) greatly increases the pressure, however increasing the pressure has a corresponding WHAT in volume? A. addition to B. loss C. increase D. stoppage ```

B. loss

In a multistage centrifugal pump in series (pressure), only ___ impellers are delivering the water to the pump discharge port therefore the ________ of water available is limited to the amount that ___ impeller can supply.

- one - volume - one

Who has recommendations as to the specific times when the transfer valve for their pumps should be operated in volume of pressure? (multistage centrifugal pump)

manufacturers

The process of switching between pressure and volume is sometimes called? (multistage centrifugal pump in series)

"changeover"

``` Due to the improved efficiency of modern fire pumps, local __________ should establish _______ for switching between pressure and volume based on the manufacturer's recommendations on specific pumps. A. fire fighters, procedures B. neighborhoods, policies C. jurisdictions, rules D. jurisdictions, policies ```

D. jurisdictions, policies

What should a driver consult for FLOW RATES at which multistage centrifugal pump in series transfer should occur for their specific rig?

manufacturer's recommendations

Sudden change in pressure can occur as the water pump changes its direction of flow when doing this on a multistage centrifugal pump in series.

operating the transfer valve

Switching from volume to pressure on a multistage centrifugal pump in series can result in the immediate ________ of the previous discharge pressure.

doubling

Switching from volume to pressure on a multistage centrifugal pump in series can result in the immediate doubling of the previous discharge pressure. This change may result in _____ to the pump and hoseline as well as ____ to firefighters.

- damage | - injury

The maximum net pump discharge pressure at which the _____ valve may be ______ operated varies by _______ recommendations for the correct maximum transfer pressure on a multistage centrifugal pump in series.

- transfer | - manufacturer's

If you changeover on the fireground, must be carefully WHAT with attack crews so that they will be prepared for a slight interruption during the transfer.

coordinated

If there is any question on what position to operate the multistage centrifugal pump in series, it is best to operate it in this.....

parallel (volume) rather than series (pressure)

If there is any question on what position to operate the multistage centrifugal pump in series, it is best to operate it in parallel (volume). In parallel, the pump will be capable of supplying ___ % of its rated capacity at 150psi at __ feet of lift with __ feet of suction hose while drafting.

- 100% - 10 - 20

What should a driver do at a scene in order to anticipate the demands that may be placed on the pumper as the operation progresses and to choose if they should be in volume or pressure?

size up

On older multistage centrifugal pump in series, operation of the transfer valve is performed ________.

manually

On older multistage centrifugal pump in series, operation of the transfer valve is performed manually. They featured a safeguard making it physically impossible to accomplish THIS while pumping at high pressures.

transfer from pressure to volume or visa versa

On newer multistage centrifugal pump in series, the transfer valve is ______-operated.

power

How might a power-operated transfer valve on a multistage centrifugal pump in series be activated? (3)

- electricity - air pressure - water pressure

Many power-operated transfer valves on multistage centrifugal pump in series operate at pressures AS HIGH AS ___ psi.

200

Many power-operated transfer valves on multistage centrifugal pump in series operate at pressures AS HIGH AS 200psi. _____ to pressures in this range poses threats to personnel and equipment.

exposures

Many power-operated transfer valves on multistage centrifugal pump in series operate at pressures AS HIGH AS 200psi. Exposures to pressures in this range poses threats to personnel and equipment. drivers should use ___ with these controls and be familiar with the manual _____ features should the power equipment fail.

- care | - override

What kinds of valves are ESSENTIAL to the operation of a multistage pump?

clapper

In series, (pressure), should a clapper valve stick open or closed or be hampered by debris, what will happen to the pump?

it will not operate properly

n series, (pressure), should a clapper valve stick open or closed or be hampered by debris, when the transfer valve is operated, water allowed to escape back into the _____ will churn through the pump instead of _____ up pressure.

- intake | - build

What can be checked by removing the strainer from a large intake opening and reaching into the pump with a long wooden dowel or similar type of rod.

operation of the clapper valve

What should a clapper valve do to prove it is operating properly?

swing freely

For high pressure fog operations, some fire pumps have been constructed using up to _ impellers connected in series to develop pressures up to 1,000 psi.

For high pressure fog operations, some fire pumps have been constructed using up to 4 impellers connected in series to develop pressures up to ____ psi.

1,000

To increase pressure, another method is to have a _____-stage high pressure centrifugal pump mounted outboard in conjunction with a conventional ___-stage pump with separate drive systems.

- single | - two

To increase pressure, another method is to have a single-stage high pressure centrifugal pump mounted outboard in conjunction with a conventional two-stage pump with separate drive systems. When pressure higher than ___ psi are needed, the separate third stage is engaged.

250

To increase pressure, another method is to have a single-stage high pressure centrifugal pump mounted outboard in conjunction with a conventional two-stage pump with separate drive systems. When pressure higher than 250 psi are needed, the separate third stage is engaged. WHERE might these usually be found? and WHY

cities with large numbers of high rise, to supply sprinklers and standpipes to very high rises

What must pumpers be equipped with if they have both a single-stage high pressure centrifugal pump and a conventional two-stage pump operating at 250 psi or higher? (something rated for these pressures)

hoses and adapters rated for these pressures

Is there any positive mechanical isolation of the discharge area of a pump from the intake in the impeller on a multistage pump?

``` Since there is no positive mechanical isolation of the discharge area of a pump from the intake in the impeller on a multistage pump, the ______ of the water moving through the impeller prevents most of the water in the discharge from escaping back into the intake. A. volume B. velocity C. vacuum D. All of the above ```

B. velocity

In the intake side of the pump at the eye of the impeller, the pressure is much _____ than that of the the pressure in the volute. (multistage pump)

lower

On a multistage pump, a very close tolerance must be maintained between the pump casing and the HUB of the impeller. This opening is usually limited to __ inches or less.

.01

``` On a multistage pump, a very close tolerance must be maintained between the pump casing and the HUB of the impeller. This opening is usually limited to .01 inches or less. Any increase openings lessens the _________ of the pump. A. working B. happiness C. effectiveness D. suction ```

C. effectiveness

As a impeller turns at a speed of nearly 4,000 rpm when the pump approaches its capacity, what can cause wear on the impellers?

sediment and dirt passing through the pump

What acts as an abrasive and wears down metal surfaces as it passes between the impeller and the pump casing?

particles of sand

Particles of sand acts as an abrasive and wears down metal surfaces as it passes between the impeller and the pump casing. As ___ increase, greater amounts of water are allowed to slip back into the _____ and are not available at the ______.

- gaps - intake - discharge

``` A gaps increase due to wear from dirt, debris and sand, greater amounts of water are allowed to slip back into the intake and are not available at the discharge. Eventually the pump is no longer able to pump at its rated...... A. RPMs B. discharge C. needs D. capacity ```

D. capacity

How might one might know or find indications of wear on a multistage pump due to sand, dirt and debris? (when increased engine rpm is required to pump at the rated capacity)

pump testing

What might be used to restore pumping capacities without replacing the entire pump?

wear rings

What is another name for wear rings?

clearance rings

What in the pump casing may be replaced to maintain the preferred spacing between the hub of the impeller and the pump casing? (multistage pump)

wear rings or clearance rings

If the hub of the impeller is also worn down, IS it possible to replace wear rings to maintain proper clearance? YES or NO

YES

Unlike positive displacement pumps, no harm will result from shutting off all the pump discharges for short periods of time in a centrifugal pump. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

``` When discharges are closed on a centrifugal pump, the ____ being supplied to the impeller is _____ in the form of heat as water within the pump is allowed to churn. A. energy, created B. water, created C. energy, dissipated D. water, dissipated ```

C. energy, dissipated

When discharges are closed on a centrifugal pump, the energy being supplied to the impeller is dissipated in the form of heat as water within the pump is allowed to churn. If allowed to do this for a long period, the water pump may become quite ___ and the metal parts of the pump may expand.

hot

If the metal parts of a centrifugal pump become too hot, the wear rings and impellers might expand too much and do what to each other? (2) What might it do to the pump? In extreme cases? (what might the wear rings do/what might the pump do)

- rub together and create more heat - seriously damage - wear rings may seize = serious pump damage

What type of centrifugal pumps may be equipped with a thermal relief valve that opens to allow overheated water to circulate between the pump and the main water tank or into the atmosphere?

newer models

If you are operating a pump WITHOUT a thermal relief valve, the best course of action to prevent overheating is to ensure that some water is.... A. added to the tank B. taken out of the tank 10 gallons at a time C. purged from the system D. moving through the pump at all times

D. moving through the pump at all times

What can a driver place his hand on to check for excessive pump temperatures?

direct pump intake pipe

If the direct pump intake pipe is warm to the touch, what should a driver open? (3)

- discharge - tank fill - circulation valve

In order to prevent overheating, if the driver believes that there will not be anything discharged for an extended time, what should they do?

throttle down to idle and disengage

What transfers the required energy to spin the impellers at a very high rate of speed on?

transmission

Where are pump impellers fastened to?

the shaft

The pump impellers are fastened to the shaft that connects to the _______ case.

transfer

At the point where the shaft passes through the pump casing, a semi-_____ seal must be maintained to prevent ___ leaks that may interfere with the ability to draft.

- tight | - air

``` At the point where the shaft passes through the pump casing, a semi-tight seal must be maintained to prevent air leaks that may interfere with the ability to draft. _________ seals are the most common type in use today. A. mechanical B. super C. rubber D. iron ```

A. mechanical

What kind of seals form a tight seal without dripping and do not require a periodic adjustment? (at the point where the shaft passes through the casing)

mechanical seals

Mechanical seals seals form a tight seal without dripping and do not require a periodic adjustment. However, to lubricate the seals, what should be done?

operate pump regularly

Mechanical seals should not be allowed to WHAT in cold weather?

freeze

If mechanical seals freeze in cold weather, damage may incur and it might require the _______ of the entire pump and drive assembly in order to replace the ____.

- disassembly | - seals

What will cause mechanical seals to overheat and become damaged?

running them waterless

``` This is composed of rope fibers impregnated with graphite or lead (most common type of.....) A. pump B. rope C. seal packing material D. engine belt ```

C. seal packing material

``` The most common type of seal packing material is composed of rope fibers impregnated with graphite or lead. This material is pushed into a stuffing ____ by a packing _____ driven by a packing adjustment mechanism. A. box, gland B. cartridge, gland C. box, finger D. container, machine ```

A. box, gland

Are some centrifugal fire pumps equipped with ceramic or mechanical seals that are not adjustable? YES or NO

YES

Where are packing rings primarily used in?

older fire pumps

When packing rings wear with the operation of the shaft, the packing gland can be ______ in order to control any _____ and allow the pump to draft.

- tightened | - leaks

When packing rings come into contact with the shaft, what is developed?

heat

When packing rings come into contact with the shaft, heat is developed. In order to overcome this, a _____, known as a lantern or slinger ring, is supplied with the packing to provide coooling.

spacer

What is also known as a lantern or slinger ring?

spacer

What does a spacer/lantern/slinger ring allow around the packing and prevents the buildup of excessive amounts of heat that may score the shaft?

small amount of water to leak out

If packing is too loose around a packing ring, an excessive amount of WHAT may leak from the pump during operations? What else might the rig not be able to do?

- water | - draft from static source

How must packing be adjusted? According to whom?

manufacturer's recommendations

Generally when a pump is operating under pressure, water _____ drip at a rate specified by the pump _______ from the packing glands, but not run as a steady ______.

- should - manufacturer - stream

The packing around packing rings only receives water for lubrication if the pump is empty and not operating. TRUE or FALSE

False, only when pump is full and operating under pressure

``` Most manufacturers recommend the pump to be _____ between fire calls, especially in cold weather conditions. A. filled B. cooled off C. topped off D. drained ```

D. drained

What might cause excessive leaking from a pump if not used for extended periods of time?

the packing drying out

``` After a period of dryness, adjustment to the packing should be made only after the pump has operated under pressure and the packing has a chance to do this.... A. move around B. get wet C. seal properly D. get worn ```

C. seal properly

If the pump is operated dry for any length of time, damage to the _____ may result. Any weakening may cause failure during future use.

shaft

What type of seal available on certain pumps are made of a material that offers superior resistance to warping , stretching and corrosion?

ceramic

When deciding what should fire department factor the intended use of the pump and its cost, appearance, space requirements and ease of maintenance?

what pump drive system will work best

``` Pumps powered by gasoline or diesel engines independent of the vehicle-drive engine are examples of _________ pumps. A. PTO B. Auxiliary C. Mid-ship D. front-mount ```

B. Auxiliary

Some auxiliary pumps may be powered by special fuels such as jet fuel for military or other special applications. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

Sometimes used on structural rigs, auxiliary engine driven pumps most common applications are: - ______ rescue fire fighting (ARFF) - ______ water supply - trailer _______ fire pumps - portable ____ pumps

- airport - wildland - mounted - fire

What kind of engine drive pump may be part of a skid-mount assembly that includes a small water tank, booster reel and small diameter attack lines?

auxiliary engine drive pump

What is the general pumping capacity of a auxiliary engine drive pump? _____ gpm

500

Where might a auxiliary engine drive pump be mounted in some jurisdictions?

pickup truck

What kind of fire pumps are most common to initial attack, wildland, or mobile water supply applications (engine driven pump)

power take-off drive (PTO)

``` In a power take-off drive, the pump is driven by a ________ connected to the PTO. A. cylinder B. driveshaft C. finger D. watertank ```

B. driveshaft

In recent years, what kind of drive system is being used in structural apparatus pumpers?

PTO drive

What is the PTO typically attached to if on a pumper?

transmission

``` Some manufacturers offer a ____-engine PTO system that is driven off the engine's _____. A. front, shaft B. rear, shaft C. side, flywheel D. rear, flywheel ```

D. rear, flywheel

Some manufacturers offer a rear-engine PTO system that is driven off the engine's flywheel. This type of system has been used with much success in the construction and refuse industries for many years. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

Some manufacturers offer a rear-engine PTO system that is driven off the engine's flywheel. What ability is given with this type of mounting?

pump and roll

``` What type of mounting of the engine pump offers opportunity for shorter wheelbase, additional room for compartments as well as crosslays and that are packed lower on the apparatus body where they are more accessible? A. front-engine PTO system B. rear-engine PTO system C. back-mounted PTO system D. side-mounted PTO system ```

B. rear-engine PTO system

``` Proper mounting of a PTO drive is essential for dependable and smooth operations. The gear case must be mounted in a location that allows for a minimum of ______ in the driveshaft. A. turns B. openings C. angles D. curves ```

C. angles

``` The gear case of the PTO drive for fire pumps must be mounted in a location that allows for a minimum of angles in the driveshaft as well as it must not extend too far below the _______ or it may be damaged during driving. A. chassis B. gears C. brakes D. body ```

A. chassis

What is powered by an idler gear in the vehicle's transmission?

PTO drive (fire pumps)

The speed of the shaft in a PTO drive for fire apparatus is independent of the gear in which the road transmission is operating when the pump is in use BUT is under the control of the WHAT?

clutch

The speed of the shaft in a PTO drive for fire apparatus is independent of the gear in which the road transmission is operating when the pump is in use BUT is under the control of the clutch. When the clutch is disengaged to stop or change gears, what happens to the pump?

stops turning

``` The PTO pump does permit pump and roll operations, but is not as effective as the separate ______ unit. A. pump B. transmission C. apparatus D. engine ```

D. engine

On a PTO drive for fire apparatus, the WHAT of the engine determines the pressure developed, therefore will determine the pressure of the water pump while driving?

speed

Where should you mount a pressure gauge if a vehicle is being used for pump and roll operations?

inside the vehicle

When hoselines are being used during pump and roll operations, which should you use to drive the vehicle? speedometer or pressure gauge?

pressure gauge

During pump and roll operations, what gear makes maintaining the balance between speed and pressure easiest?

lowest gear

In the past, how much were PTO drive pumps limited to in GPM?

500 gpm

Today, some manufacturers provide full torque power-take offs for pumping that allows for a pump as large as ______ gpm.

1,250 gpm

``` Today, some manufacturers provide full torque power-take offs for pumping that allows for a pump as large as 1,250 gpm. This is commonly used with _________ transmissions where the ______ of the engine drives the PTO unit. A. manual, flywheel B. automatic, shaft C. automatic, flywheel D. manual, shaft ```

C. automatic, flywheel

Today, some manufacturers provide full torque power-take offs for pumping that allows for a pump as large as 1,250 gpm. They must be equipped with properly rated ______, _____ shafts and PTO systems in order to provide the necessary _______ to operate the pump at capacity.

- engine - drive - power

________ requirements of the vehicle must include accessories such as warning lights, air compressor, and the vehicle's air conditioning system, that may be operated during pumping. (Due to high power needs of an engine running at 1,250 gpm)

horsepower

A front-mounted pump features an _____ front bumper with a pump mounted _______ the bumper and the grill of the vehicle.

- extended | - between

``` What type of pump is typically driven through a gear box and a clutch connected by a drive shaft to the front of the crankshaft? A. midship B. high idle C. front-mount D. rear-mount ```

C. front-mount

faster

The front-mount pump is typically driven through a gear box and a clutch connected by a drive shaft to the front of the crankshaft. The gear box uses a STEP UP GEAR RATIO, which causes the impeller of the pump to turn faster than the engine. This ratio is set to _____ the torque of the engine to the rotation speed required for the impeller to deliver the pump's rated capacity.

match

The maximum capacity of the front-mounted pump depends on the limitations of the WHAT?

engine driving it

The maximum capacity of the front-mounted pump depends on the limitations of the engine driving it, typically up to _____ gpm.

1,250

To use this kind of pump, the chassis should have a front of the engine PTO option that provides a coupling to the front of the crankshaft.

front-mount pump

On a front-mount pump, the chassis should have a front of the engine WHAT option that provides a coupling to the front of the crankshaft?

PTO

``` On a front-mount pump, the specifications of the pump and drive shaft must always ______ to the power source. A. match B. mismatch C. equal D. cross ```

A. match

Due to exposure position, WHAT type of pumps major disadvantage is it susceptibility of the pump AND gauges freezing?

front-mount pump

What might lessen with the use of external lines that circulate radiator fluid through the pump body on a front-mount pump?

freezing gauges and pump

Why might you put a cover over the front-mount pump while driving?

protect pump from freezing weather

How might a front-mount pump contribute to overheating?

might block airflow to the radiator

Front-mount pumps must be installed with proper protection against WHAT?

front-end collisions

A minor impact to a front-mount pump will NOT do any damage. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE

Where are most front-mount pumps engaged and operated from?

the front of the apparatus

Is the driver in a vulnerable position when operating a front-mount pump.

YES

It is essential that a _____ be provided to prevent the road transmission from being engaged while the ______-mount pump is being operated.

- lock | - front

What should be provided inside the cab on a front-mount pump that alerts the driver that the pump is engaged due to the operating lever that engages the pump is usually located at the pump?

warning light

Will the pump be severely damaged on a front-mount pump if driven while the pump is engaged? What might warn the driver?

- YES | - warning light inside the cab

What kind of pump do most fire departments operate that feature the pump mounted laterally across the frame behind the engine and transmission?

midship pump

Across where is a midship pump mounted laterally?

across the frame

Behind what is the midship pump mounted? (2)

engine and transmission

``` What is another name for a split shift gear case? A. transmission box B. transfer case C. transmission portion D. transfer supply ```

B. transfer case

``` Power to a midship pump is supplied to the pump through the use of a.... A. transmission box B. transfer case (split shift gear case) C. transmission portion D. transfer supply ```

B. transfer case (split shift gear case)

``` Power to a midship pump is supplied to the pump through the use of a transfer case (split shift gear case) located in the _____ _____ between the transmission and the rear axle. A. drive line B. power source C. engine compartment D. drive source ```

A. drive line

In what type of pump do you shift a gear and collar arrangement inside the gear box so power can be diverted from the rear axle and transmitted to the fire pump?

midship pump

In a midship pump, by shifting a gear and collar arrangement inside the gear box, where if power diverted from and transmitted to the fire pump?

rear axle

``` In a midship pump, by shifting a gear and collar arrangement inside the gear box, power is diverted from the rear axle and transmitted to the fire pump. The pump is then actually driven by either a series of _____ or a drive ______ or belt. A. motion, engine B. steps, train C. gears, chain D. motion, chain ```

C. gears, chain

On a midship pump, the gear ratio is set to _____ the engine torque curve to the ______ of the rotation required for the impeller to deliver the rated capacity of the pump.

- match | - speed

On a midship pump, the ratio is arranged so that the impeller turns faster than the engine, usually ____ to ____ times as fast

1½ to 2½

The maximum capacity of a midship pump is limited only by the engines _______ and the ____ of the pump.

- horsepower | - size

With no major changes to the pump itself, some midship pumps can be rated from ___ gpm to ____ gpm.

500 to 1,250

Can midship pumps be configured to operate over a range of capacities determined by the piping arrangement and gear ratios?

YES

``` On a midship pump, the usual arrangement provides for control of the _______ _____ from inside the cab by using a mechanical linkage or by electrical, hydraulic or air-operated controls. A. pump capability B. transfer case C. cartridge control D. engine shutoff ```

B. transfer case

Before leaving the cab on a midship pump, and if the transfer case is in the cab, what should the driver do?

put the road transmission in the proper and engage the pump (based on manuf. instructions)

When a driver places the midship pump in the correct gear for pumping, a _____ feature engages, preventing the transmission from switching gears as rmp are raised or lowered.

lockout

After the pump is engaged on a midship pump, what might the driver notice if the transmission is in the correct gear?

speedometer

How many miles per hour will most engines read if the pump is engaged on a midship pump? ___ to __ mph

10 to 15 mph

``` Some apparatus are designed so that the speedometer does not register above 0 miles per hour, even in pump gear; including this type of pump.... A. centrifugal B. back flow C. transmission D. PTO ```

D. PTO

What should a driver be proficient with in case a primary system fails in an emergency on a pump? (midship or others)

manual override

Is it possible to transmit power to the rear axle while the pump is engaged on a midship pump? YES or NO

Can you use a pump and roll operation on a conventional gear arrangement like a midship pump that transfers power to the pump from the rear axle when put into pump gear? YES or NO

``` Where is a lock provided to hold it in proper gear from pumping and prevent a manual transmission from slipping out of gear or a automatic transmission gear selector from moving during pumping? A. transmission or shift lever B. engine hold C. transmission valve D. none of the above ```

A. transmission or shift lever

What may cause a vehicle to move as the engine rpm is increased to build pressure? (while changing over to pump gear, midship pump)

operate the shift controls without the gears completing their travels

``` Operate the shift controls without the gears completing their travels may cause a vehicle to move as the engine rpm is increased to build pressure. (while changing over to pump gear, midship pump) Particularly new models with ________ transmissions, are equipped. with ______ to prevent this from occuring A. manual, lockouts B. automatic, gears C. manual, shifters D. automatic, lockouts ```

D. automatic, lockouts

On midship pumps, most apparatus are equipped with an _______ light in the cab that signals when pumping operations may begin.

indicator

Should a driver rely solely on the pump indicator light to begin pump operations?

What other sources besides an indicator light (malfunctions) should a driver look or listen for for FAIL-SAFES that indicates the rig is ready to pump? (2)

- speedometer reading | - sound of pump engaging

While shifting into pump gear on an automatic transmission, what must the transmission be in during the entire sequence?

neutral

While shifting into pump gear on an automatic, the transmission must be in neutral during the entire sequence. It is possible for the transmission to be momentarily ______ in the _______ (4th or 5th gear, depending on the model) forward ranges while the internal clutches are being applied and released.

- engaged | - highest

``` While shifting into pump gear on an automatic, the transmission must be in neutral during the entire sequence. It is possible for the transmission to be momentarily engaged in the highest (4th or 5th gear, depending on the model) forward ranges while the internal clutches are being applied and released. The transmission output _____ may begin to ______ at low speeds during the shifting process. A. shaft, rotate B. speed, move C. speed, rotate D. shaft, separate ```

A. shaft, rotate

If the shift lever is moved from neutral during the process of engaging the pump on a midship pump, what might happen to the TRANSMISSION and the ENGINE?

- lockup | - stall

``` _________ pumps are used for auxiliary systems, including compressed air foam systems (CAFS) and generators on some apparatus. (midship pump) A. water B. air C. foam D. hydrostatic ```

D. hydrostatic

What kind of mounted pumps are becoming increasingly popular?

rear-mounted pumps

What kind of pump offers advantages of even weight distribution on the chassis and more usable compartment space?

rear-mounted pumps

What is a disadvantage of a rear-mounted pump?

direct exposure to oncoming traffic

How might a rear-mounted pumps disadvantage to direct exposures to oncoming traffic be alleviated?

placing pump controls on one of the rear sides of the rig (can park at an angle)

How might a rear-mounted pump be powered depending on manufacturer OR fire dept. preference? (2)

- PTO | - split-shaft transmission

If powered by a PTO OR a split-shaft transmission, WHAT mounted pump is a driveshaft of appropriate length and size connected between the transmission and the pump?

rear-mounted pump

Is the operation the same for a rear-mounted pump then that of a PTO and split shaft (midship transfer) drive pump? What is the difference?

- YES | - only difference is the location of pump

``` The ____ and _____ attached to the pump are INTEGRAL components of the fire pump system. A. discharge, intake B. engine, pistons C. piping, valves D. all of the above ```

C. piping, valves

The PRIMARY parts of the piping system are _____ and ______ piping as well as pump drains and valves.

intake and discharge

The PRIMARY parts of the piping system are intake and discharge piping as well as pump _____ and _____.

drains and valves

What does NFPA 1901 require all components of a the piping system to be made of?

corrosion resistant material

What NFPA standard requires all components of a piping system to be made of corrosion resistant material?

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus

What are constructed of cast iron, brass, stainless steel or galvanized steel and may include rubber hoses in certain applications?

pipes

Before being placed in service, a piping system AND the FIRE PUMP itself must be capable of withstanding a hydrostatic test of ___ psi.

500

Why must piping and hose be designed to run as straight as possible with a minimum number of bends and turns (to minimize WHAT within the apparatus....)

pressure loss within the apparatus

Piping either connects the pump to an _______ water tanks or connects the pump to an ______ water supply.

- onboard | - external

``` Because most fires are fought with the water from the tank, the piping from the tank to pump must be large enough to allow for adequate _______ for fire attack. A. intake B. discharge C. streams D. time ```

C. streams

According to NFPA 1901, pumpers with a capacity of 500 gpm or LESS, should have the PIPING capable of flowing ___ gpm.

250

According to NFPA 1901, pumpers with a capacity of greater than 500 gpm (501+) should have the PIPING capable of flowing ___ gpm.

500

``` Many pumpers have tank-to-pump piping as large as _ inches in diameter. A. 2 B. 3 C. 8 D. 4 ```

D. 4

Mobile water supply units may feature _____ tank-to-pump lines.

multiple

Such as during relay operations, what do modern pumps have that prevent damage to the tank if the tank-to-pump valve opens inadvertently while water is being supplied to the pump under pressure?

check valve

If the tank-to-pump valve is not maintained in proper condition, what will a leak in the valve NOT allow if the tank is empty?

pump to be primed

``` If flow requirements will allow, what should you refill and keep maintained as an emergency water supply during pumping operations? A. portable water supply B. intake hose C. pump D. booster tank ```

D. booster tank

``` If flow requirements will allow, you should refill the booster tank and keep it maintained as an emergency water supply during pumping operations. ___ from the tank will be drawn back into the pump. A. air B. water C. air and water D. pressure ```

A. air

How should you remove all or most of the air from the pump, lowering the atmospheric pressure within the pump casing when using a static water source?

priming the pump

Air trapped in a pump can prevent a successful _________ operation.

drafting

The primer is tapped into the pump at a ____ point on the suction side or the ________ eye and uses a priming valve.

- high | - impeller

The ______ is tapped into the pump at a high point on the ______ side or the impeller eye and uses a priming valve.

- primer | - suction

``` Air trapped in a pump can prevent a successful drafting operations. Therefore, all intake lines in a centrifugal pump are normally located ______ the eye of the impeller and no part of the piping is _____ this point. A. below, above B. above, above C. below, below D. above, below ```

A. below, above

``` Air trapped in a pump can prevent a successful drafting operations. Therefore, all intake lines in a centrifugal pump are normally located below the eye of the impeller and no part of the piping is above this point. RARE EXCEPTION: tank to pump line where water is moving under the natural pressure of ________. A. the pump B. gravity C. discharge D. all of the above ```

B. gravity

The primary intake into the fire pump is through ______-diameter piping and connections.

large

What shape is intake piping at the point where the intake hose is connected?

round

What shape is the intake piping as it nears the pump?

square

Why is the intake piping square as it nears the pump?

to eliminate the vortex that circular pipe may create

What might be introduced into the pump IF the intake piping was round where the piping nears the pump (due to vortex)?

air

Where are midship large intake connections located? (2)

either side of apparatus

Where are front-mounted pumps large intake connections/piping extend from?

lower portion of pump

Additional large-diameter intake may be piped to the ____ or ___ of the rig.

- front | - rear

``` Additional large-diameter intake may be piped to the front or rear of the rig. Due to the number of _____ and ______ of pipe, some of these may not allow the pump to supply its rated capacity. A. discharges, outlets B. inlets, bends C. bends, discharges D. bends, lengths ```

D. bends, lengths

Unless WHO has certified rear and front intakes to deliver rated capacities, they should be considered auxiliary intakes in the same manner as the pump panel mounted gated intakes.

manufacturers

``` Pumps rated greater than ____ gpm capacity may require more than one large intake connection at each location. A. 2,000 B. 1,250 C. 1,000 D. 1,500 ```

D. 1,500

Additional intake lines, usually gated, are provided for use in _____ operations or when water is received through _____ diameter supply hose.

- relay | - small

Additional intake lines, usually gated, are provided for use in relay operations or when water is received through small diameter supply hose. MANY of these intakes have ___ inch hose couplings.

2½ inch

The diameter of the pipe from the VALVE to the pump INLET and the straightness of the pipe routing determines the amount of _____ that can be obtained.

flow

``` If 2½ pipe is used with 90 degree bends and T-fittings, the flow may be limited to ___ gpm. (intake lines) A. 250 B. 500 C. 100 D. 450 ```

A. 250

``` If 3 inch pipe is used with a straightner piping route, a flow as high as ___ gpm is possible through _ of the intakes, which may also be used as auxiliary drafting points. (intake lines) A. 250, 2 B. 500, 1 C. 100, 4 D. 450, 1 ```

D. 450, 1

Based on NFPA 1901, a ________ number of 2½ inch discharge openings must be provided to flow the rated capacity of the pump.

-sufficient

Based on NFPA 1901, as a minimum, all fire apparatus with a rated pump capacity of 750 gpm or GREATER must be equipped with at least __ 2½-inch discharge.

Based on NFPA WHAT, as a minimum, all fire apparatus with a rated pump capacity of 750 gpm or GREATER must be equipped with at least 2 2½-inch discharge.

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus

If a discharge is greater than 2½-inches in diameter, where might it NOT be located?

pump operator's panel

Can an apparatus have discharges smaller than 2½ inches in diameter? YES or NO

YES

What are discharges that are SMALLER than 2½-inch in diameter commonly provided for?

preconnected attack lines

Where 1½, 1¾ or 2-inch handlines are attached, a minimum _-inch piping, valves and elbows must be used.

What are usually equipped with a locking ball valve that can be operated and locked in any position?

discharges

When open, the valve on a discharge should be ______ to prevent movement.

locked

``` All discharge valves should be designed and maintained so that they are easily operable at pressures of up to ___ psi. A. 300 B. 200 C. 250 D. 150 ```

C. 250

``` How should the valves on each LOWER pressure handline (multiple lines being used) be set until the reduced flow through the valve is sufficient to provide the correct pressure for the hoseline? A. open, unlocked in position B. open, locked in position C. partially open, unlocked in position D. partially open, locked in position ```

D. partially open, locked in position

Water must be flowing through lines AND individual line pressure gauges or flow meters must be used to ensure accuracy when 2 lines of different pressures are being charged, the lower of the 2 being partially open and locked. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

``` A tank fill line (tank recirculating valve) must be provided from the _________ side of the pump. A. discharge B. intake C. rear D. front ```

A. discharge

What is another name for a tank fill line?

tank recirculating valve

A tank fill line (tank recirculating valve) must be provided from the discharge side of the pump that allows the tank to be refilled without doing WHAT when the pump is being supplied from an external water source.

make additional connections

``` A tank fill line (tank recirculating valve) must be provided from the discharge side of the pump that allows the tank to be refilled without making additional connections when the pump is being supplied from an external water source. It also provides means of _______ the water tank on the rig. A. emptying B. replenishing C. discharging D. all of the above ```

B. replenishing

According to what NFPA standard do tanks with less than 1,000 gallons must have a tank fill line of at least 1-inch in diameter?

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus

``` According to NFPA 1901, tanks greater than 1,000 (1,001) gallons must be provided with at least a _-inch tank fill line. A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2 ```

D. 2

Recirculation lines are sometimes included in addition to the ____ fill line.

tank

When no water is flowing and on a pump without a thermal relief valve, the ____ fill line can be used in conjunction with the tank-to-pump valve to ______ water through the pump to prevent _________.

- tank - circulate - overheating

On a two-stage pump, with the fill line coming off the first stage, can overheating still occur on the second-stage portion of the pump? YES or NO

YES

``` On a two-stage pump, with the fill line coming off the first stage, overheating can still occur on the second-stage portion of the pump. The tank fill may be plumbed to the WHERE to capture water moving from both impellers? A. discharge headers B. discharge C. intake D. thermal relief valve ```

A. discharge headers

``` On a two-stage pump, with the fill line coming off the first stage, overheating can still occur on the second-stage portion of the pump. a _________ valve may be used to help prevent the pump from overheating. A. discharge B. circulating C. inlet D. check ```

B. circulating

What valve is connected to the discharge side of the pump and enables water to be dumped into the tank or outside the tank onto the ground? (for overheating)

circulating valve

What is another name for a bypass valve?

booster line cooling valve

``` What kind of valve serves the same function as a circulator valve by diverting a portion of the discharge water into the tank? A. gate valve B. booster line cooling valve C. bypass valve D. B and C ```

D. B and C

What 2 valves are piped with small-diameter copper tubing with very limited flow capability?

- circulator | - booster

Circulator and booster valves are piped with small-diameter tubing made of WHAT?

copper

``` If the circulating and booster line cooling valves do not flow enough water to keep the pump cool during prolonged operations with INTERMITTENT flow or operations with very high pressures, it may be necessary to discharge water through a _____ or _____ line? A. preconnect, booster B. preconnect, dump C. waste, dump D. waste, booster ```

C. waste, dump

``` Some pumps might have an engine cooler line that circulates _____ water through a heat ________ to aid in cooling the engine. A. tank, exchanger B. fresh, extractor C. tank, extractor D. all of the above ```

A. tank, exchanger

_______ control most of the intake and discharge lines from the pump.

valves

What must be constructed to be airtight and wear resistant?

valves

____ that is allowed to circulate through liens can cause damage to the valves, seals and other pump components.

debris

``` What life can be extended by flushing the pump of debris? A. pipe B. valve C. pump D. all ```

B. valve

What is them most common type of valve?

ball-type valve

What type of valve permits the full flow of water through a line with minimum friction loss?

ball-type valve

What valve has the most common actuators of either push-pull handles (T-handles) or quarter-turn handles?

ball-type valve

The push-pull ball-type valve uses a ______ gear tooth rack that _______ a sector gear connected to the valve stem.

- sliding | - engages

The push-pull ball-type valve uses a sliding gear tooth rack that engages a sector gear connected to the valve stem. WHAT does this arrangement provide that makes the valve easier to operate under pressure as well as the setting of precise values of pressure when adjusting individual lines?

mechanical advantage

WHAT kind of ball-type valve does has an arrangement that provides mechanical advantage that makes the valve easier to operate under pressure as well as the setting of precise values of pressure when adjusting individual lines?

ball-type valve - push-pull handle

What can you do to the operating linkage of a push-pull handle (ball-type valve) so that the valves can be mounted remotely from the pump panel?

adjust

How can you usually lock a push-pull lever in position (with a flat handle)?

90-degree twist of handle

``` If you do no pull the push-pull handle straight out with the sides level, what may bind, making the valve difficult to move or inoperable? A. flat handle B. valve C. shaft D. locking mechanism ```

C. shaft

What ball-type valve handle has a simpler mechanical linkage with the handle mounted directly ON the valve stem?

quarter-turn hand

What ball-type valve handle is opened or closed with a 90-degree movement of the handle?

quarter-turn hand

What degree movement of the quarter-turn handle, ball-type valve is used to open or close it?

90 degree

``` Modern versions of the quarter-turn handle, ball-type valve lock by rotating the handle ...... A. counterclockwise B. clockwise C. up D. down ```

B. clockwise

Do some quarter-turn handle, ball-type valve automatically lock when the handle is released?

YES

Do a majority of quarter-turn handle, ball-type valves require a positive action to lock the valve in position? YES or NO

YES

Some apparatus feature valves that are hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically controlled. These valves use a _____-type valve.

ball

``` Some apparatus feature valves that are hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically controlled. These valves use a ball-type valve operated by a _____ switch or a _____ screen on the pump panel. A. toggle, computer B. light, computer C. toggle, light D. toggle, touch ```

D. toggle, touch

Some apparatus feature valves that are hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically controlled. These valves use a ball-type valve operated by a toggle switch or a touch screen on the pump panel. A visual display indicates the ______ of the valve as it opens or closes. (make sure they are open or FULLY closed)

position

What kind of valves are commonly used on large-diameter intakes and discharges? (2)

gate or butterfly

What kinds of valves are most commonly operated by a handwheel? gate or butterfly valve?

gate valves

What valves are most commonly operated by a quarter-turn handle? gate or butterfly valve?

butterfly valve

Butterfly valves and gate valves may be quipped with h______, p_____ or e______ actuators, which are often used as remote operated dump controls on water tenders. (tankers)

- hydraulic - pneumatic - electric

What NFPA standard requires that all intakes or discharges that are 3 inches or greater be equipped with slow activating valve controls?

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus

NFPA 1901 requires all intakes or discharges that are _ inches or greater to be equipped with slow acting valve controls.

NFPA 1901 requires all intakes or discharges that are 3 inches or greater to be equipped with slow acting valve controls. This prevents the valve movement from open to close in less than _ seconds.

``` NFPA 1901 requires all intakes or discharges that are 3 inches or greater to be equipped with slow acting valve controls. This prevents the valve movement from open to close in less than 3 seconds. This will minimize the risk of damage from water ________ when large volumes of water are moved. A. overload B. discharge C. loss D. hammer ```

D. hammer

Most pump connections are equipped with drain valve that are on which side of the control valve?

line side

On discharge fittings, the _____ valve provides a way for the driver to drain the hose side of the valve after the discharge valve and nozzle are both closed. (useful when nozzle has not bled off)

drain

Drain valve allows the hose to be d______ and d________.

drained and disconnected

Drain valves are for ______. | Bleeder valves are for ______.

- discharge | - intake

When the intake hose is full of air, and you switch over to the gated intake supplied by an outside water source from the tank, what might the air cause? (2) momentary loss of.....and fluctuation in.....

momentary loss of prime and fluctuation in nozzle pressure

When the intake hose is full of air, and you switch over to the gated intake supplied by an outside water source from the tank, what might you use to prevent momentary loss of prime and a fluctuation in nozzle pressure due to the air build up?

bleeder valve

Where would you find a bleeder valve?

gated intake

What side of the gated intake is the bleeder valve?

line side

What should you do to the bleeder valve when all the air has been evacuated from the line and the bleeder is discharging a steady stream of water? (3)

close the bleeder valve, open the intake valve, close the tank-to-pump valve

After you close the bleeder valve, what should you do to the intake valve and the tank-to-pump valve?

open the intake valve | close the tank-to-pump valve

Should you do these in this order with NO interruptions to the WATER FLOW? close the bleeder valve open the intake valve close the tank-to-pump valve

YES

Another purpose for PUMP and SUCTION drains is to remove all the water in the system in climates where ________ may occur.

freezing

Ice creates a barrier to water flow. What other thing may occur during freezing weather that would damage the pump and piping components?

expansion

What must be supplied at the lowest point on the pump and at the lowest point of each line connecting to it?

drains

Drains supplied at the lowest point on the pump and at the lowest point of each line may be connected by a ________ drain valve, that if operated will open the drains simultaneously.

master

With vacuum on the intake or when the pump is operating with pressure, should you have the master drain open? YES or NO

With vacuum on the intake or when the pump is operating with pressure, and you have the master drain open, what will happen to the "O"rings used as gaskets to maintain an airtight connection?

they can be damaged

What are the "O" rings used as gaskets task?

to maintain airtight connections

Should you close all drains immediately after draining?

YES

Failure to close drains immediately after draining may result in the inability to do what to the pump during drafting operations?

priming

Will opening the drain valve on the booster hose during freezing weather drain the water from the hose? What should you do?

No, you might have to unwind it and drain the actual hose

When you unwind and drain the booster line in cold weather, open a ______ valve to allow air to replace the draining water so that the ________ will not hold water in the pump.

- discharge | - vacuum

What might be installed on a rig that allows a valve to be open to the booster line and discharges compressed air through the piping to remove water?

piping from the air brake system

What NFPA standard requires some type of pressure control device to be part of any fire apparatus pumping system?

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus

How fast must a pressure control device be after the discharge pressure rises?

3-10 seconds

``` 3 to 10 seconds after the discharge pressure rises, how much pressure does the device restrict the pump from flowing above the set level? A. 30 psi B. 20 psi C. 10 psi D. 50 psi ```

A. 30 psi

If you have a pressure relief valve system, does it have to provide an indicator of system activation? YES or NO

YES

For pumps with ______ systems, there must be an indicator to show that the system is activated and ID whether it is controlling the engine speed or pump pressure.

governor

``` Except automatic governor systems, what color light located on the pump panel must illuminate when the pressure control system operates to control pressure in the pump? A. green B. red C. purple D. yellow ```

D. yellow

Some pressure relief valves are designed to expel excess water out of the pump. This must be designed to not expose the ____________ or ________ to pressurized _____ streams.

- driver/operator - firefighters - water

What's main features are its sensitivity to pressure change AND its ability to relieve excessive pressure within the pump discharge?

-relief valve

What are the 2 basic CONCEPTS for pressure relief valves?

- those that relieve excess pressure on the discharge side of the pump - those that relieve excess pressure on the intake side of the pump

Where does an adjustable spring-loaded pilot valve bypass water from the discharge to the intake chamber of the pump?

intake side of the pump (pressure relief valve)

What helps continue operations when pressure rises above the working, or set, pressure and allows for a small re-routing of water from the discharge to the intake chamber of the pump?

adjustable spring-loaded pilot valve (pressure relief on the intake side of pump)

``` The most common relief valve uses a spring-controlled ______ valve. A. pilot B. turn C. twist D. automatic ```

A. pilot

``` When water is discharged at pressures LOWER than the pilot-valve setting (discharge pressure relief valve), water flows to the pressure _________ of the pilot valve. A. tank B. chamber C. monitor D. tube ```

B. chamber

``` What separates a pressure chamber from the pilot valve? (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve) A. wall B. window C. diaphragm D. all of these ```

C. diaphragm

Tension against the diaphragm between the pressure chamber and the pilot valve is regulated by adjusting what of the pilot valve against the spring? (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve)

handle of the pilot valve

If the hydraulic force in the chamber is less than the force of the spring, the pilot valve will stay what? OPEN OR CLOSED (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve)

CLOSED

If the Pilot valve stays closed, the water is then transmitted back to the main valve chamber, and the main valve stays...OPEN or CLOSED? (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve)

CLOSED

``` When water is discharged at pressures HIGHER than the pilot-valve setting (discharge pressure relief valve) the spring in the pilot valve...... A. gets smaller B. moves backwards C. loosens D. compresses ```

D. compresses

``` When water is discharged at pressures HIGHER than the pilot-valve setting (discharge pressure relief valve) the spring in the pilot valve compresses. This action allows the ______ valve to move to the left, causing water to dump back into the pump ______. A. needle, intake B. compression, discharge C. needle, tank D. compression, tank ```

A. needle, intake

When water is discharged at pressures HIGHER than the pilot-valve setting (discharge pressure relief valve) the spring in the pilot valve compresses. This action allows the needle valve to move to the left, causing water to dump back into the pump intake. This action in turn ______ pressure in the tube and behind the main _____.

- reduces | - valve

After the needle valve moves to the left and water dumps back into the intake, the pressure in the tube is reduced as well as behind the main valve. The result is hydraulic force on the ____ end of the main valve is now greater than that behind the _____ valve, opening the main valve, permitting part of the water to return to the intake side, reducing _______ pressure.

- small - main - discharge

When does the pilot valve reset and pressure increases behind the large end of the main valve and closes it? (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve)

When the discharge pressure drops below the set pressure

TOO much pressure on water relief valve, = hydraulic force on small end of main greater than behind the main valve = opens main valve and water part of water returns to intake = reduced pressure (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve)

YES

Pressure drops below relief valve setting = hydraulic force on small end of main smaller than behind main valve = closes main valve = pilot valve resets (spring-controlled pilot discharge pressure relief valve)

YES

On a second type of relief valve, when the pressure rises above the set pressure, the p_____ valve moves, compressing its s_____ until the opening in the pilot valve housing is un__________.

- pilot - spring - uncovered

``` On a second type of relief valve, when the pressure rises above the set pressure, the pilot valve moves, compressing its spring until the opening in the pilot valve housing is uncovered. Water flows through this opening and through the ______ line, and also into the pump ______. = relieves excess pressure! A. discharge, intake B. bleed, intake C. bleed, discharge D. none of the above ```

B. bleed, intake

On a second type of relief valve, when the pressure rises above the set pressure, the pilot valve moves, compressing its spring until the opening in the pilot valve housing is uncovered. Water flows through this opening and through the bleed line, and also into the pump intake. This flow _______ the pressure on the pilot valve side of the relief valve, allowing the ______ pressure on the discharge side to force the valve open.

- reduces | - higher

What are relief pressure valves quicker at: - reacting to overpressure conditions - reset back to "all closed positions

-reset back to "all closed positions

What kind of valves are intended to reduce the possibility of damage to the pump and discharge hoselines caused by water hammer when valves or nozzles are closed too quickly?

INTAKE pressure relief valves

What are these basic types of? (valves) - supplied by pump manufacturer, an integral part of the pump intake manifold - add-on device that is screwed onto the pump intake connection

intake pressure relief valve

Can a driver set SOME intake pressure relief valves to allow a maximum amount of pressure into the fire pump?

YES

If the incoming pressure exceeds the set level of an intake pressure relief valve, the valve _________ and releases the excess pressure/_______ into the atmosphere until water has continued entering the pump at the ___-set level.

- activates - water - pre

``` At what rise of psi above the necessary operating pressure are the intake pressure relief valves recommended be set to open? A. 10 psi B. 5 psi C. 12 psi D. 7 psi ```

A. 10 psi

A manual shut of valve is equipped on most SCREW-on intake pressure relief valves to do what?

stop the water supply to pump if preferred

What is supplied on the intake pressure relief valve to allow air to be bled off as an incoming supply hose is charged? What type of hose is this most important for?

- bleeder valve | - LDH

What is designed to regulate the engine speed to match the pump discharge requirements?

pressure governor

Pressure in a centrifugal pump may be regulated by a ______ or _____ governor that is pressure activated to adjust the _____ throttle.

- mechanical - electronic - engine

When the pressure in discharge piping exceeds the pressure necessary to maintain safe fire streams, the excessive pressure must be reduced. Because the speed of the _______ determines the pressure, and the ____ speed determines the speed of the impellers, it is ONLY necessary to reduce engine speed to reduce pressure.

- impellers | - engine

Throttle is cut back by the governing device when a tube from the discharge side of the pump transmits the resulting pressure as having excessive pressure build up. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

``` To control hoselines, a ______ governor device, a ______ control and or pump discharge valve may be used in conjunction. A. water, throttle B. water, pump C. pressure, pump D. pressure, throttle ```

D. pressure, throttle

``` On a governing device, when drafting or pumping from the tank, the _______(draft) position is used so water returns to the intake side of the pump. A. open B. 90 degree C. closed D. pumping ```

C. closed

``` When pumping from a hydrant (external water source), they hydrant (or _____) position is used so that water will discharge onto the ground when a governing device is activated. A. open B. 90 degree C. closed D. pumping ```

A. open

When pumping from a hydrant (external water source), they hydrant (or open) position is used so that water will discharge onto the ground when a governing device is activated. Can this hydrant drain line be run through a check valve to the tank to prevent water from continuously running on the ground? YES or NO

YES

What kind of governors are newer pumpers often equipped with?

electronic

``` What do electronic governor devices use that is connected to the discharge manifold? A. pressure heat element B. pressure sensing element C. pressure relief element D. pressure tightening element ```

B. pressure sensing element

``` What is another name for a pressure sensing element? A. pressure gauge B. pressure heater C. pressure transducer D. pressure transmitter ```

C. pressure transducer

``` What does the pressure sensing element control the actions of that compares the pump pressure to an electrical reference point? (electronic governor) A. electronic amplifier B. electronic transmitter C. electric motor D. electric transmitter ```

A. electronic amplifier

the pressure sensing element controls the electronic amplifier that compares the pump pressure to an electrical reference point. The element changes the _____ setting as needed by adjusting the amount of ____ supplied to the engine, bringing the pump tot he preferred _______. (electronic governor)

- throttle - fuel - pressure

``` The electronic governor will ________ any pressure set on the control above a specified setting and will return the engine to ____ speed whenever the pressure drops below that point. A. increase, running B. increase, idle C. decrease, running D. maintain, idle ```

D. maintain, idle

``` When intake pressure drops below __ psi, the electronic governor will activate cavitation protection by returning the ending to idle. A. 10 psi B. 15 psi C. 30 psi D. 20 psi ```

C. 30 psi

What are accurate and quick to respond and eliminate the need for a pressure relief valve?

electronic governor

An advantage of an electronic governor is that when a discharge line is closed, the engine rpm is _______, but the same discharge pressure is maintained on any lines still flowing.

adjusted

An advantage of an electronic governor is that when a discharge line is closed, the engine rpm is adjusted, but the same discharge pressure is maintained on any lines still flowing. On a MECHANICAL governor, what would happen to the discharge pressure for all lines as the engine rpm is lowered?

lower discharge pressure

Electronic devices may have slightly different __-in/__-off ranges.

cut, cut

To resume pumping, what might you have to do if the discharge pressure is reduced and the governor returns the pump to idle mode and cancels out the original pressure on the fire ground?

reselect setting to resume pumping discharge

Creating a lower pressure within the pump and intake hose than exists in the atmosphere describes the ability to initiate a successful ______ operation.

drafting

Lower pressure will result in water being forced up into the intake hose and fire pump from lower pressure being created within the pump and intake hose than exists in the atmosphere. What kind of pump cannot create this condition?

centrifugal

``` What can be added to a centrifugal pump to allow it to draft? A. inlet device B. outlet C. priming device D. outlet device ```

C. priming device

What device is needed to create the vacuum that makes drafting possible?

priming device

What is described by these categories: - positive displacement - exhaust - vacuum - air

priming devices

``` Most modern pumpers us this type of primer? A. positive displacement B. exhaust C. vacuum D. air ```

A. positive displacement

SMALL VERSIONS of the rotary ___ and rotary ___ type positive displacement pumps are commonly in used as PRIMING DEVICES on modern pumpers.

- vane | - gear

Rotary vane or rotary gear primers require relatively higher rpms?

rotary vane

Rotary vane or rotary gear primers can be driven by either mechanical means from the pump transfer gear case or by an electric motor? Which is more popular?

- rotary vane | - electric motor (may operate efficiently regardless of engine speed)

An electric motor is the most POPULAR means of powering rotary vane priming pumps, as they may be operated efficiently regardless of engine speed. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

``` Where is the primer pump inlet connected to? A. the inlet B. a control valve C. the discharge D. the engine ```

B. a control valve

``` The primer pump inlet is connected to a control valve that is in turn connected to the...... A. discharge B. inlet C. fire pump D. a gauge ```

C. fire pump

If there are high spots in the construction or mounting of the pump, the line from the _______ pump may be connected to the main pump in several locations.

priming

``` If a priming pump is driven electrically, the priming valve usually incorporates a _______ in the valve. A. switch B. change C. ball D. turn ```

A. switch

What design used in priming a pump electrically, provides a single operation to prime the pump?

a switch incorporated into the valve

``` Many conventional _____ use an oil supply of other type of fluid. A. valves B. centrifugal pumps C. primers D. none of the above ```

C. primers

The oil/fluid used for primer pumps serve two purposes: 1. as the pump e_____, the clearance between the gears and the pump case increase = less _________ so...a thin film of oil/fluid is drawn into the pump and s_____ the gaps between the gears and the case.

- wears - efficiency - seals

The oil/fluid used for primer pumps serve two purposes: 2. the oil/fluid also fills any irregularities in the ________ caused by sediment or _____. A. housing, air B. housing, debris C. engine, debris D. engine, air

B. housing, debris

The oil/fluid used for primer pumps serve two purposes: 3. a coating of oil on the metal parts of the ____ created by periodic ________ of the primer will aid in the preservation of the pump. A. engine, operation B. engine, lubrication C. pump, operation D. pump, lubrication

C. pump, operation

Is the oil reservoir for the priming pump often mounted higher or lower than the pump itself?

higher

What is provided to break the siphon action as the tank drains on an oil reservoir for the priming pump that is often mounted higher than the pump itself?

a vent hole

A vent hole is provided to break the siphon action as the tank drains on an oil reservoir for the priming pump that is often mounted higher than the pump itself. It must be checked frequently to ensure it is free of what? (2, D and D)

dirt and debris

The ideal engine rpm for the transfer case, rear-driven primer operation depends on the c________ of the primer, the g____ ratio of the transfer case and other features unique to a particular apparatus.

- construction | - gear

What manual should specify the preferred engine speed (rpm) for priming?

operators manual from manufacturer

``` In general, the range for engine speed (rpm) for priming is between ____ to ____ rpm. A. 800 to 1000 B. 700 to 800 C. 900 to 1200 D. 1000 to 1200 ```

D. 1000 to 1200

What gear should the engine be in when you activate the primer....and then increase the throttle to the specified rpms?

idle

``` The engine should be in idle when you activate the primer....and then increase the throttle to the specified rpms. What will this minimize wear on? A. engine B. electric clutch C. mechanical clutch D. engine clutch ```

C. mechanical clutch

Most new pumpers have primers that need no.....

oil

The material on an oil-less primer is constructed so that it requires no What?

lubrication

Can an oil-less primer be installed in an older apparatus as an environmentally friendly initiative? YES OR NO

YES

What kind of primers are generally found on SKID-mounted pumps or older fire apparatus?

exhaust primers

What primer uses the same principle as a foam eductor?

exhaust primer

``` In an exhaust primer, what prevents the exhaust gas from escaping into the atmosphere from the vehicles engine? A. exhaust holder B. exhaust deflector C. exhaust casing D. exhaust blocker ```

B. exhaust deflector

As the exhaust deflector prevents the gas from escaping into the atmosphere, it is diverted into a chamber where their passing velocity creates WHAT?

a vacuum

``` As the exhaust deflector prevents the gas from escaping into the atmosphere, it is diverted into a chamber where their passing velocity creates a vacuum. This chamber is connected through a line and a priming ______ to the _____ of the pump. (exhaust primer) A. chamber, discharge B. intake, discharge C. valve, intake D. valve, discharge ```

C. valve, intake

``` As the exhaust deflector prevents the gas from escaping into the atmosphere, it is diverted into a chamber where their passing velocity creates a vacuum. This chamber is connected through a line and a priming valve to the intake of the pump. There the air is evacuated into the _____ chamber and then discharged along with the exhaust gas into the atmosphere. (exhaust primer) A. venturi B. gas C. air D. water ```

A. venturi

In order to create a vacuum in an exhaust primer, do you need high or low engine rpms?

high

Do exhaust primers require no maintenance? YES or NO

NO, they DO require a great deal

Exhaust primers require a great deal of maintenance to remove what kind of deposits that accumulated in the primer?

carbon

What is a simple device that makes use of the vacuum already present in the intake manifold of any gasoline-driven engine?

vacuum primer

Gasoline-powered apparatus are a rarity in most fire departments. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

Since gasoline-powered apparatus are a rarity in most fire departments, what kind of primer may the driver/operator never have the opportunity to work with or become familiar with?

vacuum primer

Because the engine vacuum is greatest at near idle speed, the vacuum primer is best at ___ engine rpm.

low

In order to prime a vacuum pump, a line is connected from the i_____ manifold of the engine to the i_____ of the fire pump with a valve connected in the line to c______ it.

- intake - intake - control

``` In order to prime a vacuum pump, a line is connected from the intake manifold of the engine to the intake of the fire pump with a valve connected in the line to control it. A ____ valve must be installed to prevent water from a primed pump from being drawn into the engine manifold. A. turn B. check C. float D. ball ```

C. float

What kind of primers are becoming increasingly more popular method of priming pumps on modern apparatus?

air primer

Virtually all pumpers are equipped with an air brake system with a compressor. Is this system needed while the vehicle is parked and pumping? YES or NO

What priming system uses the compressor from the air brakes to supply an airline to a jet pump that creates a venturi effect that primes the pump using no moving parts or lubrication?

air primer

What is created when an air primer uses air from the compressor of the air break system to supply an airline to a jet pump?

venturi effect

``` Where does a air primer send the air from the airline to? A. primer pump B. air pump C. jet pump D. ball pump ```

C. jet pump

Can there be duplicate instruments on the pump panel and in the cab? YES or NO

YES

What NFPA standard requires that all controls and instruments necessary to operate the pump be located on the pump operator's panel?

NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus

How many required controls and instruments are necessary to operate the pump and to be located on the pump operator's panel? NFPA 1901

There are 11 required controls and instruments necessary to operate the pump and to be located on the pump operator's panel NFPA 1901. most of devices listed as indicators may be found as g_____ or electronic i________ providing digital display.

- gauges | - indicators

Although not required by NFPA 1901, a pumping engine _____ gauge (besides a automatic transmission temperature gauge) is recommended and generally found on the pump operator's panel.

fuel

An automatic transmission _________ gauge is also recommended (besides a fuel gauge) for installation on a pump operator's panel to monitor that damage does not occur to the transmission during pumping.

temperature

``` What two gauges are the primary gauges used to determine the water pressure entering and leaving the pump? A. primer and voltmeter gauges B. tachometer and coolant gauges C. master intake and discharge gauges D. tank fill and primer control gauges ```

C. master intake and discharge gauges

What is another name for a vacuum or compound gauge?

master intake gauge

What master gauge is connected to the intake side of the pump and measures either positive pressure or a vacuum?

master intake gauge

``` What is a master intake gauge calibrated of positive pressure? A. 0 to 300 psi B. 0 to 400 psi C. 0 to 600psi D. 0 to 200 psi ```

C. 0 to 600 psi

``` The master intake gauge is calibrated from __ to ___ inches of mercury on the negative side. A. 0 to 30 inches B. 0 to 40 inches C. 0 to 20 inches D. 0 to 60 inches ```

A. 0 to 30 inches

This master gauge provides a reading of the vacuum present at the intake of the pump during priming or when the pump is operating from draft.

master intake gauge

When drafting, as the flow from the pump _____, the vacuum reading _______ because more negative pressure is required to overcome the friction loss in the suction hose.

- increases | - increases

``` When the vacuum pressure reading approaches __ inches when drafting, the pump is nearing its capacity and is not able to supply additional lines. A. 10 inches B. 30 inches C. 5 inches D. 20 inches ```

D. 20 inches

``` When the pump is operating from a hydrant or is receiving water through a supply line from another pumper, the master intake gauge provides a reading of THIS pressure. A. pump B. automatic C. remaining D. residual ```

D. residual

Because the range of the v______ scale in a master intake gauge is so small, even a slight e_____ in the zero setting of a gauge can result in a l______ error in measuring the vacuum on the intake side of the pump.

- vacuum - error - large

What does the master pump discharge pressure gauge, that is required on a pumper, reflect overall?

overall discharge pressure

The master pump pressure discharge gauge registers the pressure as it _______ the pump, but before it ______ the gauges for each individual discharge line.

- leaves | - reaches

What must be provided to these master gauges to allow for calibrated gauges to be used during initial acceptance and service testing of apparatus?

external connections

The tachometer displays the WHAT speed in revolutions per minute?

engine

What might the tachometers display of engine speed in rpms help an experienced driver do?

ID problems during pumping operations

``` When is the rpms required to pump the rated capacity determined? A. first use of apparatus B. acceptance testing C. after first emergency D. before the apparatus is constructed ```

B. acceptance testing

During acceptance testing, the rpms required to pump the rated capacity of the apparatus is determined and the information is recorded on an _______ plate on the _____ panel.

- identification | - panel

A gradual increase in the amount of rpm required to pump the rated capacity and showing up on the tachometer indicates ____ IN the pump and possible need for _____.

- wear | - repair

The display that indicates the temp of the coolant in the engine THAT powers the fire pump is: A. tachometer B. pumping engine oil pressure indicator C. pump overheat indicator D. pumping engine coolant temp. indicator

D. pumping engine coolant temp. indicator

Can the pumping engine coolant temperature indicator be for either the main engine of the pump or an auxiliary engine? YES or No

YES

What information is an important indicator of engine performance?

temperature

True or false. An engine that operates too cool may result in damage to mechanical parts and an engine that operates to high is not efficient.

false, visa versa cool = not efficient | high = damage to mechanical parts

``` Auxiliary cooling devices are provided for the lack of vehicle _________ while the vehicle is engaged in pumping operations. A. movement B. pumping C. cycling D. overheating ```

A. movement

This pressure indicator shows if an adequate supply of oil is being delivered to the critical areas of the engine that power the fire pump.

pumping engine oil pressure indicator

Does the pumping engine oil pressure indicator measure the amount of oil in the crankcase? YES or NO

``` The pumping engine oil pressure indicator does NOT measure the amount of oil in the crankcase, but if the level in the crankcase is too low, the oil pump will be unable to maintain the proper amount of ______. A. oil B. pumping C. pressure D. all of the above ```

C. pressure

Although pressure for particular engines may vary slightly, you can find normal oil pressures specified in the ___________ maintenance manual.

manufacturer's

``` You must be familiar with the oil pressure in your particular apparatus. Any significant deviation from the normal indicates an equipment _________. A. problem B. malfunction C. break D. all of the above ```

B. malfunction

The pump panel may be equipped with an a_____ or v_____ indicator that warns the driver when the pump will overheat.

- audible | - visual

When might the audible or visual indicators warn a driver the pump will overheat? During prolong periods of operating the pump with NO....

water discharging

``` What device is used to measure existing voltage in an electrical system? A. ammeter B. throttle C. indicator D. voltmeter ```

D. voltmeter

``` What provides a relative indication of battery condition? A. ammeter B. throttle C. indicator D. voltmeter ```

D. voltmeter

``` What indicates the status of the vehicle's alternator and charging system? A. ammeter B. throttle C. indicator D. voltmeter ```

A. ammeter

``` With batteries turned on, before the engine is started, the ______ indicates the tip voltage available when the battery is fully charged. A. ammeter B. throttle C. indicator D. voltmeter ```

D. voltmeter

``` The ______ measures the drop in voltage as electrical accessories are used. A. ammeter B. throttle C. indicator D. voltmeter ```

D. voltmeter

What are pump pressure indicators commonly called?

discharge gauges

May pump pressure indicators (discharge gauges) be connected to the individual discharge outlets of the fire pump? YES or NO

YES

Where must the pump pressure indicators (discharge gauges) be connected at the discharge valve so that the pressure being reported is the pressure actually supplied to the hoselines after the valve?

outlet side

The ____ valve of the pump pressure indicators (discharge gauges) must be adjusted each time the flow at the nozzle is changed.

gate

``` Pump pressure indicators (discharge gauges) are important when supplying master streams or when connected directly to master streams to produce an _________ ______. A. effective stream B. master stream C. great supply D. effective supply ```

A. effective stream

An individual line gauge is the most accurate method of ensuring that when ______ flows are required, they are adjusted properly because friction loss is high in these supply lines

large

``` What does NFPA 1901 allow individual pressure discharge gauges to be substituted for? A. tachometers B. overheat indicators C. voltmeters D. flowmeteres ```

D. flowmeters

Even if a flowmeter is system is in use, the apparatus is still required to have master _____ and pressure ______.

- intake | - gauges

What device is used to increase or decrease the speed of the engine that powers the fire pump and is on the pump operator's panel?

pumping engine throttle

Increasing or decreasing the engine that powers the fire pump will allow the driver to control the WHAT that the pump supplies to the discharge?

pressure

What is the other name for a vernier?

throttle knob

How do you operate a throttle knob (vernier)?

turn clockwise or counterclockwise

``` What kind of throttle uses a throttle switch or push button and are commonly found on newer apparatus? A. vernier B. throttle knob C. automatic throttle D. none of the above ```

C. automatic throttle

What control is used to operate the priming device when the pump will draft from a static water supply?

primer control

``` What is the primer control generally in the form of? A. push button B. toggle switch C. pull lever D. all of the above ```

D. all of the above

This device displays the quantity of water held in the onboard water tank.

water tank level indicator

This device allows the driver to anticipate the length of time attack hoselines may be operated until and external water source is needed.

water tank level indicator

When is it critical to know when an external water source is needed? (When engage where and using what?)

- interior fire fighting operation | - only onboard water tank for supply

The most common type of water level indicator uses a series of _____ on the pump operator's panel.

lights

The most common type of water level indicator uses a series of lights on the pump operator's panel. Sensors within the tank send signals that indicate the amount of water at increments of ____ levels. (What are the levels?)

- ¼s | - ¼, ½, ¾ and full

Can the indicator lights of the water level indication be EITHER small LCD type lights on the pump panel OR larger lights mounted on the apparatus where they can be easily viewed from a distance by personnel operating at the scene? YES or NO

YES

What do older apparatus found in warmer climates use for water level indicators that allow the driver to view the water level through a clear tube?

sight gauge

``` Newer apparatus are often equipped with a _____ display indicating the water level in the onboard tank. A. light B. digital C. no D. fraction ```

B. digital

When should the driver verify the accuracy of the water level gauge by inspecting the fill opening to verify that the tank is full?

daily

What should you do if there is any question as to the level of water in the tank?

fill it till it reaches its overflow point

Where are the gauges normally placed for compressed air foam systems (CAFS) or other foam systems?

at the pump operator's panel

``` Whats primary function is to control the temperature of coolant in the apparatus engine during pumping operations? A. primer control B. radiator fill valve C. auxiliary cooling device D. pump overheat indicator ```

C. auxiliary cooling device

``` What are marine or immersions and found on older apparatus? A. primer control B. radiator fill valve C. auxiliary cooling device D. pump overheat indicator ```

C. auxiliary cooling devices

Where is a valve provided on the pumper that controls the amount of water supplied to the auxiliary cooler (marine) from the pump?

pump operator's panel

Where is a marine cooler inserted so that the engine coolant must travel through it as is circulates through the system? A. inserted into a hose used in the engine cooling system B. on the radiator close to the front of the pumper C. in the engine next to the coolant fill D. in the back of the radiator

A. inserted into a hose used in the engine cooling system

``` Which auxiliary cooling device features a number of small tubes surrounded by a water jacket that is connected to the discharge of the fire pump? A. immersion B. foam C. marine D. none of the above ```

C. marine

When the pump is operating, in a marine auxiliary cooling device, water may be ______ through the water jacket of the cooler. As coolant from the _______ passes through the tubes in the cooler, the colder water from the fire pump contacts the small metal tubes ________ the temperature of the coolant as it flows through.

- circulating - radiator - reducing

The immersion type auxiliary cooler is mounted in a similar manner as the marine type, with the _______ coolant passing through the body of the cooler.

radiator

``` In what auxiliary cooling device does the water supplied by the fire pump pass through a coil or tubing mounted inside the cooler so that it is immersed in the coolant? A. immersion B. foam C. marine D. none of the above ```

A. immersion

``` As the colder water from the fire pump passes through the tubing some of the heat from the coolant is absorbed by the tubing and dissipated into the water supplied by the pump. What type of auxiliary cooling device is this? A. immersion B. foam C. marine D. none of the above ```

A. immersion

The immersion type auxiliary cooler system is controlled by a ________ at the pump operator's panel to regulate the amount of cooling CHOSEN.

valve

The two types of auxiliary cooling devices, marine and immersion, are designed so that the coolant in the radiator MIXES with the water from the fire pump. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE, it does not mix and the COOLANT does not get contaminated

What kind of apparatus may feature a radiator fill valve that allows water from the pump to be circulated to the radiator in order to help cool the engine?

older

``` Older apparatus may feature a radiator fill valve that allows water from the pump to be circulated to the radiator in order to help cool the engine. This system causes the original coolant to become diluted and should be operated only ........ A. on the fireground B. while driving C. when stopped D. in an emergency ```

D. in an emergency

Older apparatus may feature a radiator fill valve that allows water from the pump to be circulated to the radiator in order to help cool the engine. This system causes the original coolant to become diluted and should be operated only in an emergency. What should you do to the cooling system as soon as possible after this operation?

flush and refill with fresh coolant

What can you direct at the engine in extreme situations where dramatic failure of a radiator hose or other cooling element occurs while the pumper is supplying hoselines for interior fire fighting crews? How long should you do this before interior crews are withdrawn to safety?

- water stream | - brief time

After directing a water stream on an engine after a dramatic failure of a radiator hose or cooling element, and all crews are safely out of interior fire, what should you do to the engine? A. take it out of pump gear B. shut it down immediately C. leave the water stream on it till it cools D. none of the above

B. shut it down immediately

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Chapter 9 - Fire Pump Theory Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM