Chapter 14 - Foam Equipment and Systems Flashcards
Regarding the specification of foam concentrate intended to be used, mutual aid partners should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. coordinate B. use different types C. not speak D. none of the above
A. coordinate
Should your foam concentrate and equipment be compatible with other agencies that might work with you? YES or NO
YES
What might lead to eduction problems and have detrimental effects on the quality of foam produced when working with mutual aid?
mixing different foam concentrates
Use of foam agents in fire fighting has reduced dramatically in recent years. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE - increased
Major reasons for increased use of foam:
- magnitude and frequency of _______ materials needing foam for mitigation
- newer foam concentrates easily used by structure and w______ firefighters
- design improvements of foam pro_____ equipment = inclusion more feasible
- use of foam helps reduce ____ usage, a significant factor where it is limited
- hazardous
- easily
- proportioners
- water
Assembly and operation of foam equipment is necessary for the _____/_____.
driver/operator
One must understand the operating p\_\_\_\_\_\_ as well as the proper a\_\_\_\_\_ procedures of foam systems. A. procedures, application B. principles, application C. procedures, advancing D. principles, advancing
B. principles, application
IFSTA’s Principles of Foam Fire Fighting will give you additional info on…
foam fire fighting equipment
Mechanical foams are the most common foams in use. TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
What is the meaning of proportioned (when speaking about foam?)
mixed with water
What is the meaning of aerated (when speaking about foam?)
mixed with air
Mechanical foams must be _________ (mixed with water) and _________ (mixed with air) before use.
- proportioned
- aerated
When foam concentrate, water and air is educted or injected in the correct ratios, you get….
fire fighting foam
The process used to mix foam concentrate with water in a nozzle or proportioner; and then concentrate is drawn into the water stream by the Venturi method is called: A. aeration B. proportioning C. solutioning D. eduction
D. eduction
Can you inject foam concentrate, water and air in the correct ratios to form ff foam? OR only educt? YES or NO
YES, you can do both
No foam production or poor quality of foam will result if when educting/injecting foam concentrate, water and air is i_________ applied or if any element is r________.
- incorrectly
- removed
What is a raw foam liquid in its storage container before being combined with water and air? A. foam concentrate B. foam proportioner C. foam solution D. foam
A. foam concentrate
What is the device that injects the correct amount of foam concentrate into the water stream to make the foam solution? A. foam concentrate B. foam proportioner C. foam solution D. foam
B. foam proportioner
What is the mixture of foam concentrate and water before the introduction of air? A. foam concentrate B. foam proportioner C. foam solution D. foam
C. foam solution
What is the completed product after air is introduced into the foam solution? A. foam concentrate B. foam proportioner C. foam solution D. foam
D. foam
What is another name for foam?
finished foam
What should produce a blanket of uniform-sized bubbles that will maintain an effective cover over Class A or Class B fuels for the required period of time? A. proper aeration B. proper mixing C. proper shaking D. proper measurements of concentrate
A. proper aeration
Are there specific formulated foams for each class of fire? YES or No
YES
Could it endanger fire fighters if the proper foam concentrate is not matched with the fuel type? YES or NO
YES
What are hydrocarbons and polar solvents class of fuels?
B
What are crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, benzene and kerosene? (fuel type) (class)
hydrocarbon, Class B
What are crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, benzene and kerosene all based from? A. oil B. petroleum C. magnesium D. none of the above
B. petroleum
What specific gravity do crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, benzene and kerosene, all petroleum based, have? (water being equal to one)
less than one
Crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, benzene and kerosene, all petroleum based and having a specific gravity of less than one, floats or sinks in water?
floats
Class B foam is effective in extinguishing hydrocarbon fires and suppressing vapors because.... A. it sinks in water B. it mixes with water C. it floats on water D. it drinks water
C. it floats on water
Class B foam suppresses v_____ because it floats on the surface.
vapors
Alcohol, acetone, ketones, and esters are what kind of fuels? class?
polar solvents, class B
What kind of liquids mix with water? A. hydrocarbons B. class A C. oils D. miscible
D. miscible
Alcohol, acetone, ketones, and esters are all THIS because they mix with water. A. hydrocarbons B. class A C. polar solvents D. miscible
D. miscible
Special alcohol-resistant (polymeric) formulations of fire fighting foam must be used when these type of flammable liquids are encountered. A. hydrocarbons B. class A C. polar solvents D. miscible
C. polar solvents
Many modern fuels, including gasoline, are blended with up to \_\_% solvent additives. Treat these products as polar solvents during emergency operations. A. 15 B. 25 C. 10 D. 11
A. 15
Treat modern fuels, including gasoline that is blended with up to 15% solvent additive as a ……
polar solvent
Class B FOAMS are designed solely for use on..... A. hydrocarbons B. polar solvents C. miscible liquids D. Both A and B
A. hydrocarbons
Regardless of the concentrate applies, Class B foams ARE NOT effective on... A. hydrocarbons B. polar solvents C. miscible liquids D. Both A and B
B. polar solvents
Are there some foam, under the direction of the manufacturer, that can be used on both polar solvents and hydrocarbons? YES or NO
YES
You must _______ the fuel product before beginning foam application if using a foam that is for both hydrocarbons and polar solvents.
identify
What can a fire dept. do to ID potential hazards and appropriate types of foam concentrate to have available in their first in?
preincident planning
Foam extinguishes and/or suppresses vapors by the following methods:
- s_________-creates a barrier between the fuel and the fire
- c_______-lowers the temp of the fuel and adjacent surfaces
- suppressing or s_______-prevents the release of flammable vapors, reducing the possibility of ignition or reignition
- seperates
- cooling
- smothering
Foam seperates a fire by creating a WHAT between the fuel and the fire?
barrier
Foam cools a fire by lowering the WHAT of the fuel and adjacent surfaces.
temperature
Foam suppresses or smothers a fire by preventing the release of flammable WHAT, reducing the possibility of ignition or reignition.
vapors
Fire fighting foam creates a film or blanket on the burning or exposed fuel that excludes this…..
oxygen
Fire fighting foam creates a film or blanket on the burning or exposed fuel that excludes oxygen making \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ difficult and stops the \_\_\_\_\_\_ process on fuel that has been ignited. A. ignition, mixing B. ignition, burning C. floating, mixing D. flowing, burning
B. ignition, burning
As foam begins to break down on a fire, water is releases, providing a c______ effect on the fuel suppressing the process of heat producing oxidation.
cooling
The water being released from foam on a fire might runoff, doing what with the product its putting out?
carrying it with it
Foam concentrates are generally intended to be mixed with fresh or ____ water.
salt
Who specifies the percentage that foam concentrates need proportioned for maximum effectiveness?
manufacturer
For easy reference, where is the foam proportioning percentage marked?
on each foam concentrate container
What may cause a danger for FF AND product poor quality foam? (proportioning)
deviating from the recommended percentages
What percent are most foam concentrates formulated to mix with water? A. 92 - 94% B. 94 - 99% C. 85 - 99% D. 90 - 94%
B. 94 - 99%
When a 3% foam concentrate is used, what does the finished foam solution consist of in water?
97%
What type of foam is formulated to be proportioned within certain limits established by the manufacturer to achieve specific objectives? A. Class B B. hydrocarbon C. Class A D. all of the above
C. Class A
What ranges can Class A foam be formulated to mix with water? A. 8-9% B. .1-1% C. 1-2% D. .5-3%
B. .1-1%
May FF use discretion AND policy to create either dry (thick) foam for exposure protection and fire breaks OR wet, thinner foam to penetrate the surface of a fuel? YES or NO
YES
Selection of foam proportioners is governed by several factors; properly supplied water \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and appropriate a\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, as well as the cost of the system. A. pressure, amount B. pressure, appliances C. pumpers, amount D. none of the above
B. pressure, appliances
What is the “delivery device” for a proportioner?
foam nozzle
Proportioners are designed to work in conjunction with WHAT?
delivery devices (foam nozzles)
What might make it difficult or impossible AND a danger to firefighters when using a foam proportioner and a delivery device?
incompatability
If you use a foam proportioner and a delivery device that are incompatible, what might the foam created be? (2)
inadequate or none at all
What are the four basic methods that foam can be proportioned:
- IN_________
- INJ________
- B______ M_____
- PRE________
- induction
- injection
- batch mixing
- premixing
What are induction, injection, batch mixing and premixing?
basic methods for foam proportioning
Proportioners can be found on an apparatus, for portable use and: A. fixed fire protection systems B. house hold use C. use in the fire house D. none of the above
A. fixed fire protection systems
Proportioners can be found on an apparatus, for fixed fire protection systems and: A. house hold use B. use in the fire house C. portable use D. none of the above
C. portable use
Proportioners can be found on fixed fire protection systems, for portable use and: A. house hold use B. use in the fire house C. on apparatus D. none of the above
C. on apparatus
What method of proportioning foam uses the pressure of a water stream to induct (draft) foam concentrate into the fire stream? A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
C. induction
How is proportioning achieved in induction? A. passing water through an eductor B. injecting water into the stream C. mixing water with concentrate D. none of the above
A. passing water through an eductor
What type of device is an eductor? A. nozzle B. Venturi C. appliance D. both B and C
B. Venturi
What method of proportioning would you find a pickup tube? A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
C. induction
What is connected to the eductor and is inserted into the foam concentrate container? A. an injector B. straw component C. lathe D. pickup tube
D. pickup tube
WHAT, that is created by the water passing through the Venturi, causes a reduction in pressure in the eductor that allows atmospheric pressure to force foam concentrate into the water stream? A. vacuum B. pressure differential C. water stream D. none of the above
B. pressure differential
Pressure differential that is created by the water passing through the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, causes a reduction in pressure in the eductor that allows atmospheric pressure to force foam concentrate into the water stream? A. concentrate B. water stream C. Venturi D. container
C. Venturi
In-line eductors and foam nozzles eductors are examples of foam proportioners that work by what kind of proportioning method? A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
C. induction
This method of proportioning foam uses an external pump to force foam concentrate into the fire stream at the proper ratio in comparison to the flow. A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
B. injection
These proportioning systems are most commonly employed in apparatus mounted or fixed fire protection systems. A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
B. injection
Injection method of proportioning foam uses an external ______ to force foam concentrate into the fire s_____ at a proper ratio in comparison to the flow.
- pump
- streams
A simple but potentially inaccurate method of mixing foam concentrate and water is: A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
A. batch mixing
This method of proportioning foam occurs when an appropriate amount of foam concentrate is poured directly into a tank of water. A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
A. batch mixing
What class of foams is batch mixing commonly used with?
Class A
Batch mixing may not be effective during large incidents as foam lines may be \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ when the tank is empty in order to refill with concentrate. A. sampsoned B. opened up C. shut down D. flushed
C. shut down
When batch mixing Class B foam concentrate, tank water must be c_________ to ensure proper mixing before discharge.
circulated
When batch mixing Class B foam concentrate, tank water must be circulated to ensure proper mixing before discharge. The time necessary for this mixing depends on the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the foam concentrate. A. amount, color B. amount, solubility C. viscosity, color D. viscosity, solubility
D. viscosity, solubility
A considerable amount of WHAT may occur of residual foam concentrate when the tank is refilled after batch mixing has taken place. A. frothing B. bubbles C. discoloration D. all of the above
A. frothing
What must you do to the fire pump, associated piping, tank, hoses and appliances after the use of foam?
thoroughly flushed
In some jurisdictions, batch mixing of Class A foam is accomplished using portable t____s with t_____ relays.
- tanks
- tender
What does Class A foam concentrate lower that complicates efforts to restart drafting after a batch is mixed? A. the viscosity of water B. the weight of the water C. the height of the lift D. the amount of water that can be used
A. the viscosity of water
After the first time you do batch mixing for proportioning, especially after the initial batch has been used, what is it difficult to maintain?
the accuracy of the batch mixing
This method of proportioning is common in which premeasured portions of water and foam concentrate are mixed in a container. A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
D. premixing
What method of proportioning is typically used with portable and wheeled extinguishers, skid-mounted twin-agent units, and apparatus-mounted tank systems? A. batch mixing B. injection C. induction D. premixing
D. premixing
This solution, a method of proportioning, may be discharged from a pressurized tank using compressed air? A. batch mixing solution B. injection solution C. induction solution D. premixing solution
D. premixed solution
This solution, a method of proportioning, may be discharged from a pressurized tank using inert gas such as nitrogen. A. batch mixing solution B. injection solution C. induction solution D. premixing solution
D. premixed solution
This solution, a method of proportioning, may be discharged by a pump from a non-pressurized storage tank. A. batch mixing solution B. injection solution C. induction solution D. premixing solution
D. premixed solution
In premixing, a common method of proportioning, the pump discharges the foam solution via piping or hose to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ devices. A. outlet B. appliance C. discharge D. inner most
C. discharge
Premix systems (proportioning) can be used over and over again. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE - one time use
Premix systems (proportioning) are limited to one time application. After they are used, they must be completely emptied, f_______d and refilled before they can be used again.
flushed
Depending on \_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, foam may be stored in a variety of containers. A. age, type B. weight, type C. use, time stored D. use, convenience
D. use, convenience
Four common methods of storage for foam for fire service applications are:
- pail
- barrels
- totes
- a__________ t____
apparatus tanks
Four common methods of storage for foam for fire service applications are:
- pail
- barrels
- t____
- apparatus tanks
totes
Four common methods of storage for foam for fire service applications are:
- pail
- b______
- totes
- apparatus tanks
barrels
Four common methods of storage for foam for fire service applications are:
- p___
- barrels
- totes
- apparatus tanks
pail
_-gallon plastic pails are commonly used containers in many municipal fire dept. for storing foam.
5
The 5-gallon plastic pails that are commonly used containers in many municipal fire dept. for storing foam are VERY effected by the corrosive nature of foam and is very hard to store on fire apparatus.
TRUE or FALSE
FALSE, they are not affected and are relatively easy to store
The 5-gallon plastic pails that are commonly used containers in many municipal fire dept. for storing foam may form a skin on the surface of the concentrate if the container is not a___t_____.
airtight
Using the plastic pail it is stored in, foam _________ may be educted directly from it.
concentrate
Foam concentrate is also available in __-gallon plastic or plastic LINED barrels.
55
Some fire dept. use 55-gallon plastic or plastic lined containers of foam concentrate for \_\_\_\_ storage. A. foam B. bulk C. aged D. timed
B. bulk
Some fire dept. use 55-gallon plastic or plastic lined containers of foam concentrate for bulk storage, but they are more common in i_________ applications.
industrial
Some fire dept. and industrial facilities maintain a________ designed to transport 55-gallon barrels of foam concentrate to incident scenes.
apparatus
Can you educt directly from a 55-gallon foam concentrate barrel just like a 5-gallon plastic pail? YES or NO
YES
When bulk storage of foam concentrate is required, what might some fire dept. or industrial facilities use as containers? A. pails B. barrels C. totes D. apparatus tanks
C. totes
When bulk storage of foam concentrate is required, some fire dept. or industrial facilities use as containers called totes that are \_\_\_ gallon containers. A. 325 B. 200 C. 350 D. 275
D. 275
What storage method might be prudent for foam concentrate, when large quantities are needed for aircraft rescue fire fighting (ARFF), wildland, or industrial facilities? A. pails B. barrels C. totes D. apparatus tanks
C. totes
Some jurisdictional organizations operate \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ equipped with large quantities of foam concentrate (totes) that is housed and transported by a "host" dept. for deployment withing a specific response area during large-scale incidents. A. trucks B. trailers C. cars D. tillers
B. trailers
Fire a_________ equipped with onboard foam preportioning systems usually have foam concentrate tanks piped directly to the delivery system.
apparatus
Fire apparatus equipped with onboard foam preportioning systems usually have foam concentrate tanks piped directly to the delivery system. This eliminates using p___ or b______ to supply a foam eductor.
pails or barrels
These tanks may be found on many municipal fire pumpers as well as industrial foam tenders and ARFF apparatus. A. water B. DEF C. foam concentrate D. air
C. foam concentrate
Foam concentrate tanks on municipal fire apparatus generally range from \_\_ to \_\_\_ gallons. A. 100-200 B. 20-30 C. 20-200 D. 50-60
C. 20-200
Foam concentrate tanks on foam pumpers or tenders may carry \_\_\_\_ gallons or more of concentrate. A. 2000 B. 8000 C. 6000 D. 10,000
B. 8000
The \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_ and DESIGN of the foam concentrate tank on a apparatus may vary depending on the design of the apparatus. A. shape, gallons B. shape, location C. concentrate, flow D. type, location
D. type, location
If a foam concentrate tank is small, where is it usually located in reference to the fire pump area? A. above B. below C. opposite end of apparatus D. adjacent
A. above
Some designs incorporate the foam concentrate tank as an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ cell within the apparatus water tank. A. integral B. separate C. larger D. smaller
A. integral
Some apparatus may feature an additional pump and a lower connection point for refilling the WHAT tank?
foam concentrate
If a foam concentrate tank is large, where is it usually located in reference to the fire pump area? A. above B. below C. opposite end of apparatus D. adjacent
D. adjacent
What two types of apparatus may only have a tank for foam concentrate and no onboard water tank?
tenders, industrial
DRUMS of foam concentrate may be pulled on a trailer that may be pulled behind fire apparatus if there is potential to use a large quantity of foam. More commonly they will be taken by service or \_\_\_\_\_\_ vehicle. A. chief B. utility C. another departments D. all of the above
B. utility
Regardless of the type of tank, foam storage must be..... A. careful B. compact C. watched D. airtight
D. airtight
Standard vented atmospheric storage tanks ARE acceptable for storage of foam concentrate. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE - ARE NOT
Who provides for specific standards for design of a foam storage tank? A. IFSTA B. AHJ C. the department it is stored in D. NFPA
D. NFPA
What should you NOT do with foam concentrate that would result in ineffective foam for application and foam with reduced suppression capabilities? A. mix different types/brands B. shake well C. store in a dark place D. carry in totes
A. mix different types/brands
Specific to its product, who should you consult for any special requirements of foam concentrate?
manufacturer
When has Class A foam been available since? A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1920s D. 1990s
B. 1940s
What type of foam has only recently been widely accepted and used for increasing numbers of STRUCTURE, WILDLAND, COAL, TIRE STORAGE, and other fires involving DEEP SEATED FUELS? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
What kind of foam would you use on a tire storage fire? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
What kind of foam would you use on a coal fire? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
What kind of foam is specially designed for use on Class A combustibles? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
What foam includes hydrocarbon surfactants that reduce the surface tension of water in the foam solution? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
Hydrocarbon based surfactants are essentially w_______ agents that reduce the surface tension of water.
wetting
Where would you find hydrocarbon surfactants?
Class A foam
What does a reduced surface tension allow for? (Class A foam, hydrocarbon surfactants) better \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ effectiveness A. life, lowered B. life, increased C. penetration, slower D. penetration, increased
D. penetration, increased
When used in conjunction with compressed air foam systems (CAFS), Class _ foam provides excellent \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ qualities. A. A, suppression B. C, watering C. B, insulation D. A, insulation
D. A, insulation
Creating a useable foam product, compressed air foam systems ENTRAINS _______ amounts of compressed air with _______ amounts of water into the foam concentrate.
-large, small
What is a chemical that lowers the surface tension of liquid? A. surfactant B. foam C. Class B foam D. all of the above
A. surfactant
The correct flow in gallons per minute must be applied to safely and efficiently WHAT with any method of fire attack?
extinguish the fire
The shelf life of PROPERLY stored foam SOLUTIONS of Class A foam can be as long as \_\_ years. A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 5
B. 20
The shelf life of PROPERLY stored foam SOLUTIONS of Class A foam can be as long as 20 years making it an economical choice to purchase in WHAT quantities. A. small B. rare C. bulk D. none of the above
C. bulk
Class _ foam my be used with fog nozzles, aerating foam nozzles and medium and high expansion devices. A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
Class _ foam may be used WITH compressed air foam systems using most nozzles, including solid stream nozzles. A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
C. Class A foam
Under ordinary conditions, why is Class A foam not a significant environmental concern?
used in small percentages
Under ordinary conditions, Class A foam not a significant environmental concern due to its use being ins small percentages. HOWEVER, personnel should not discharge foam concentrates, solutions or finished foam directly into a WHAT? A. firehouse B. tornado C. car D. body of water
D. body of water
Because of its corrosive characteristics, avoid _____ skin contact of Class A foam CONCENTRATE.
direct
To flush equipment after use of Class A foam, drivers should consult who’s recommendations?
manufacturers
Class A foam may be mixed with percentages as low as 0.1 to 1%. As ratios are ________, the expansion and drainage characteristics of the finished product will change.
increased
With increase in the percentage of Class A foam in a solution, drain time ________.
increases
With increase in the percentage of Class A foam in a solution, drain time increases. This characteristic is visible by the foam appearing _________.
thicker
Most FOAM nozzles used with Class A foam will produce more stable foam at ___ % than at ___% concentrate.
1.0%, 0.5%
Most FOAM nozzles used with Class A foam will produce more stable foam at 1.0 % than at 0.5% concentrate. However, using a ______ nozzle with any higher than 0.5% concentrate may NOT increase fire fighting performance.
standard
If you have a standard fog nozzle and Class A foam, fire attack and overhaul should be mixed at a \_\_\_ to \_\_\_% concentrate. A. 0.5 to 1.0 B. 0.2 to 0.5 C. 0.3 to 0.7 D. 0.5 to 0.7
B. 0.2 to 0.5
If you have a standard fog nozzle and Class A foam, protecting exposures should be mixed at a \_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_% concentrate. A. 0.5 to 1.0 B. 0.2 to 0.5 C. 0.3 to 0.7 D. 0.5 to 0.7
A. 0.5 to 1.0
If you have a air aspirating foam nozzle and Class A foam, it should be mixed at a \_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_% concentrate. A. 0.5 to 1.0 B. 0.2 to 0.5 C. 0.3 to 0.7 D. 0.5 to 0.7
C. 0.3 to 0.7
If you have a compressed air foam system (CAFS) and Class A foam, it should be mixed at a \_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_% concentrate. A. 0.5 to 1.0 B. 0.2 to 0.5 C. 0.3 to 0.7 D. 0.5 to 0.7
B. 0.2 to 0.5
What refers to the minimum amount of foam SOLUTION that must be applied to a fire, per minute, per square foot of fire. A. military specifictions B. application specification C. SDS D. application rate
D. application rate
The application rate for Class A foam is the _____ as the minimum required flow rate for water.
same
The application rate for Class A foam is the same as the minimum required flow rate for water. Flow rates for TARGET hazards should be determined WHEN so that preparations can be made to satisfy these requirements?
preincident planning
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of Class A foam may be tailored to meet specific applications. A. changed B. reversed C. consistancy D. all of the above
C. consistancy
The following common application needs are provided with Class A foam:
- areas that require m________ penetration
- v_______ surfaces
- surfaces of f___
- maximum
- vertical
- fuel
The following common application needs are provided with Class A foam: (3)
1. Areas that require maximum penetration - wet foam is very _____ and will easily penetrate Class A fuels.
A. fluid
B. heavy
C. thick
D. watery
A. fluid
The following common application needs are provided with Class A foam: (3)
2. Vertical surfaces - dry foam forms a rigid coating and adheres well. It clings to vertical surfaces for extended periods because it is slow to d_______. Dry foam, which often resembles shaving cream, has very low w______ content and h_____ air content.
- drain
- water
- high
The following common application needs are provided with Class A foam: (3)
C. surface of fuel - Foam must have the ability to cling and p__________ the surface of fuel. Medium foam is able to penetrate a fuel while m____________ a sufficient blanket of protection.
- penetrate
- maintaining
The d_____ time for foam also plays a major role in the effectiveness of the product. (Class A foam)
drain
What begins to break down as soon as Class A foam is applied? A. water B. bubbles C. air D. fuel
B. bubbles
Bubbles begins to break down as soon as Class A foam is applied. This process allows the release of WHAT, wetting the fuel.
water
One measurement for the stability of foam is the rate at which the breakdown of the foam occurs and the release of water wets the fuel. TRUE of FALSE
TRUE
A short duration drain time for Class A foam = most r_____ wetting.
A longer duration drain time for Class A foam = an insulating layer for a l______ period of time.
- rapid
- longer
Several elements affect the breakdown process of Class A foam:
-heat of the fire OR the h_____ of the flame front in a wildfire
The DURATION of the breakdown process:
-ambient air t_________ and prevailing wind conditions
- height
- temperature
How is the application rate of foam measured?
minutes, per square foot
This foam is applied to suppress fires involving flammable and combustible liquids. A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
A. Class B foam
What type of foam is used to suppress vapors from unignited spills involving flammable and combustible liquids? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
A. Class B foam
What type of foam is proportioned into a fire stream by using apparatus mounted or portable foam proportioning equipment? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
A. Class B foam
What foam concentrate consist of a synthetic or protein base? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
A. Class B foam
What type of Class B foam is made of a mixture of fluorosurfactants? A. protein based B. fluoroprotein C. synthetic D. all of the above
C. synthetic
What type of Class B foam is made from animal protein? A. protein based B. fluoroprotein C. synthetic D. all of the above
A. protein based
What type of foam is goof for fighting fires involved in densely packed materials? A. Class B foam B. Class D foam C. Class A foam D. Class R foam
A. Class B foam
Are there combination foams that include both animal protein and synthetics? YES or No
YES
To maximize shelf life, Class B foam concentrates should be stored in c___ areas.
cool
To maximize shelf life, Class B foam concentrates should be stored in cool areas. approximately __ years for protein based foams and __ to __ years for synthetic foams.
10
20 to 25
Generally , what should you not do with Class B foams because they may be chemically incompatible?
mix
Immediately before application, and during emergencies, can you mix similar types of Class B concentrates such as AFFF and fluoroprotein? YES or NO
YES
Class B foam concentrates of the same type, which are manufactured to U.S. Military specifications (Mil-Spec), MAY NOT be mixed at any time with no adverse effects. TRUE or FALSE
FALSE - they MAY be mixed
Both the chemical p________ of Class B foam and their impact on the e__________ may vary depending on the product and m_____________.
- properties
- environment
- manufacturer
Which is generally safer for the environment?
protein based Class B foams
or
synthetic Class B foams
protein based
What should you consult, that is provided by the manufacturer, for specific safety information regarding all Class B foams? A. fire department B. AHJ C. officer in charge D. safety data sheets (SDSs)
D. safety data sheets (SDSs)
Class B foams are mixed in proportions from _ to _ percent.
1 to 6
Where would you find the correct proportion for a specific product for Class B foam listed?
outside of each container
Some Class B foams are formulated for use on both hydrocarbons and ______ solvent fuels.
polar
The concentration of Class B foam for hydrocarbon fuels is normally _ to _ %, based on the manufacturer’s recommendations.
1 to 3%
The concentration of Class B foam for polar solvent fuels is normally _ to _ %, based on the manufacturer’s recommendations.
3 to 6%
Foam \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the increase in volume of foam solution once it has been aerated. A. expansion B. concentrate C. film D. all of the above
A. expansion
Foam expansion is the increase in volume of foam solution once it has been aerated. This is an important characteristic to consider when choosing a foam concentrate for specific application. E________ creates the foam b_______ that result in finished foam or foam blanket.
- Expansion
- bubbles
The method used to aerate foam solutions will create varying degrees of expansion based on:
- t____ of foam concentrate used
- accurate p___________ of the foam concentrate in the solution
- q______ of the foam concentrate
- method of ae________
- type
- proportioning
- quality
- aeration
What is generally described as low, medium or high? (foam) A. proportioning B. foam concentrate C. bubbles of foam D. foam expansion
D. foam expansion
What NFPA standard states that low expansion foam contains an air/solution ratio of up to 20 parts finished foam for every part foam solution, a 20:1 ratio.
NFPA 11, Foam Expansion
What NFPA standard states that medium expansion foam contains an air/solution ratio of up to 20 to 200 parts finished foam for every part foam solution, a 20:1 to 200:1 ratio THROUGH hydraulically operated nozzle type delivery devices.
NFPA 11, Foam Expansion
What NFPA standard states that high expansion foam contains an air/solution ratio of up to 200 to 1000 parts finished foam for every part foam solution, a 200:1 to 1000:1 ratio.
NFPA 11, Foam Expansion
According to NFPA 11, Foam Expansion, high expansion foam contains an air/solution ratio of up to ___ to ____ parts finished foam for every part foam solution, a ___:1 to ____:1 ratio.
200 to 1000
