Chapter 9 Flashcards
What are the two types of epithelial tissue?
Membranous and glandular
Where is epithelial tissue found?
Covers the body , Lines the serous cavities, blood, lymphatic vessels, respitory,digestive and genitourinary tracts
What are glandular epithelium
Secretory units of endocrine and exocrine glands.
5 Functions of epithelial tissue
Protection (most important) Sensory Secretion Absorption Excretion
Describe the placement/packing of cells in epithelial tissue
Tightly packed sheet with many demosomes and tight junctions
Epithelial cells attached to _________ membrane
Basement membrane
Epithelial cells have __________ matrix material
Limited amount ]
Describe the vascular it’s of epithelial cells
Avascular
Describe the reproduction of epithelial tissue
Capable of reproduction as many go through wear and tear
4 classifications of epithelial tissue by shape and describe
- Squamous (flat and scale like)
- Cuboidal (cube shaped)
- Columnar (taller than they are wide)
- Pseudostratified columnar (‘fake’ columnar)
Classification by layer arrangement layers of cells
- Simple (single layer, same shape)
- Stratified (multiple layers, named according to shape of cells in outer layer)
- Transitional (varying shapes that can stretch)
Types of combined shape and arrangements of epithelial tissue
Simple squamous Stratified squamous Simple columnar Stratified squamous Stratified cubodial Stratified columnar Stratified transitional Pseudostratisfied columnar
Describe 4 features of simple squamous epithelium
Single layer of flat scale shaped cells
Structure perfect for transport/ diffusion (absorption into blood)
Permeable to many substances
Located in alveoli of lungs, lining of blood and lymphatic vessels
Describe 4 characteristics of simple cubodial epithelium
Single layer of cube shaped cells
Often specialized for secretly activity
Grouped into tubules (urine producing in the kidney)
Grouped into glands (can be endocrine or exocrine)
Describe 4 features of simple columnar epithelium
Single layer of tall narrow, column- shaped cells
Composed surface of mucous membranes that line stomach, intestines, parts of respitory and reproductive
Contain mucous producing goblet cells
Specialized for absorption (microvilli)
Describe 4 features of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
- columnar cells of varying heights
- single layer of cells that wedge together to appear as if there are two or more layers
- each cell touches basement membrane
- lining of respiratory tract and parts of reproductive
Describe 3 features of stratified squamous epithelium
- several layers of closely packed cells
- protection is primary function (eg. preventing microbes from getting through skin)
- can be keratinization or non-keratinized depending on location in body
Describe three features of stratified cubodial epithelium
Two or more rows of cubodial cells randomly arranged over a basement membrane
Protective function
Located in sweat glands, pharynx and epiglottis
Describe 4 features of stratified columnar epithelium
Multiple layers of columnar cells
Only most superficial cells are typical in shape
Protective
Rare (located in segments of male urethra (for boners, and near anus)
Describe 3 features of stratified transitional epithelium
Up to 10 layers of roughly cubodial shaped cells that distort to squamous shape when stretched
Protective function
Found in body areas subject to stress and that stretch (eg urinary bladder)
3 features of glandular epithelium
Specialized for secretory activity and can function on their own or in clusters
Exocrine glands - discharge into ducts
Endocrine glands - ductless glands- discharge into blood
