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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. They secrete fluid into the urethra. Also called Cowper glands.

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2
Q

ejaculation

A

ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra.

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3
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

tube through which semen enters the male urethra.

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4
Q

epididymis (plural: epididymides)

A

one of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis. It stores and carried sperm from seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens

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5
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence.

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6
Q

flagellum

A

hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move)

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7
Q

fraternal twins

A

two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells

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8
Q

glans penis

A

sensitive tip of the penis; comparable to the clitoris in the female.

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9
Q

identical twins

A

two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. Conjoined (“Siamese”) twins are incompletely separated identical twins.

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10
Q

interstitial cells of the testes

A

specialized cells that lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes. These cells produce testosterone and are also called Leydig cells.

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11
Q

parenchymal tissue

A

Essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testis, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are parenchymal.

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12
Q

penis

A

male external organ of reproduction.

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13
Q

perineum

A

external region between the anus and scrotum in the male

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14
Q

prepuce

A

Foreskin; fold of skin covering

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15
Q

prostate gland

A

exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. The prostate secretes one of the fluid parts of semen into the urethra during ejaculation

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16
Q

scrotum

A

external sac that contains the testes.

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17
Q

semen

A

spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions), discharged from the urethra during ejaculation.

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18
Q

seminal vesicles

A

paired sac-line exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen ) into the vas deferens.

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19
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes.

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20
Q

spermatozooon (plural: spermatozoa)

A

sperm cell

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21
Q

sterilization

A

procedure that

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22
Q

stromal tissue

A

supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma. Also called stroma.

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23
Q

testis (plural: testes)

A

male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa an the hormone testosterone. Testis means one testicle, and testes are two testicles.

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24
Q

testosterone

A

hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics.

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25
Q

vas deferens

A

narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra. Also called ductus deferens.

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26
Q

andr/o

A

male

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27
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

28
Q

cry/o

A

cold

29
Q

epididym/o

A

epididymis

30
Q

gon/o

A

seed

31
Q

hydr/o

A

water, fluid

32
Q

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

A

testis, testicle

33
Q

pen/o

A

penis

34
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

35
Q

semin/i

A

semen, seed

36
Q

sperm/o, spermat/o

A

spermatozoa, semen

37
Q

terat/o

A

monster

38
Q

test/o

A

testis, testicle

39
Q

varic/o

A

varicose veins

40
Q

vas/o

A

vessel, duct; vas deferens

41
Q

zo/o

A

animal life

42
Q

-genesis

A

formation

43
Q

-one

A

hormone

44
Q

-pexy

A

fixation, put in place

45
Q

-stomy

A

new opening

46
Q

carcinoma of the testes (testicular cancer)

A

malignant tumor of the testicles

47
Q

cryptorchidism; cryptorchism

A

undescended testicles

48
Q

hydrocele

A

sac of clear fluid in the scrotum

49
Q

testicular torsion

A

Twisting of the spermatic cord

50
Q

varicocele

A

enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle.

51
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

benign growth of cells within the prostate gland.

52
Q

carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer)

A

malignant tumor (adenocarcinoma) of the prostate gland

53
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is in the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip.

54
Q

phimosis

A

narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis.

55
Q

chlamydial infection

A

bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract

56
Q

gonorrhea

A

inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria)

57
Q

herpes genitalis

A

infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)

58
Q

human papillomavirus (HPV) infection

A

infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus

59
Q

syphilis

A

Chronic STD y a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium)

60
Q

PSA test

A

measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood.

61
Q

semen analysis

A

microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid.

62
Q

castration

A

surgical excision of testicles or ovaries

63
Q

circumcision

A

surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis.

64
Q

digital rectal examination (DRE)

A

finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland

65
Q

photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP)

A

removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP)

66
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra.

67
Q

vasectomy

A

bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens.

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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