chapter 12-resp Flashcards by Trevaughn Gilling

tonsils

lymphoid tissue located on either side of the throat

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glottis (vocal cords)

vocal stricture of the larynx

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phrenic

pertaining to the diaphragm

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pneum/o, pulm/o

lung

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pleura

membrane covering lungs and lining thoracic cavity

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trachea

windpipe tube connecting the larynx and bronchi

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orthopnea

difficulty breathing while lying down

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eupnea

normal respirations/ breathing

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tachypnea

rapid respirations (>25 br/min)

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hyperpnea

breathing that is deeper than normal

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huperventilation

increased aeration of the lungs

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hypoxia

less than normal oxygen

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anoxia

absence of oxygen

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expiration

exhalation

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inspiration

inhalation

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diaphragm in inspiration

diaphragm contracts; less pressure in pleural cavity

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diaphragm in expiration

diaphragm relaxes; greater pressure in pleural cavity

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external respiration

process of inspiration and expiration

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internal respiration

exchange of gases between blood and cells

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ventilation

distribution of gas into and out of the lungs

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aspir/o

to breathe in or suck in

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atel/o

incomplete

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ausculat/o

listening

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bronchi/o, bronch/o

bronchus

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capn/o, capn/i

carbon dioxide

cost/o

rib

diaphragmat/o, phren/o

diaphragm

epiglott/o

epiglottis

laryng/o

larynx

mediastin/o

mediastinum

muc/o

mucus

nas/o, rhin/o

nose

pector/o

chest

phon/o

sound, voice

pleur/o

pleura

pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o

lung, air

pulmon/o

lung

sept/o

septum

sinus/o

sinus

spir/o

breathe

thorac/o

thorax, chest

tonsill/o

tonsil

trache/o

trachea

em-

eu-

good, normal

hypo-

below, deficient

pan-

all, entire

-cele

herniation, protrusion

-centesis

puncture to aspirate

-ectasis

dilation, stretching

-phonia

condition of voice

-plasty

surgical repair, reconstruction

-spasm

involuntary movement

hypoxic

pertaining to low level or oxygen

intercostal

pertaining to the level of the ribs

lobar

pertaining to any lobe of the lungs

pleuritic

pertaining to pleurisy

respiratory

pertaining to respiration

aphonia

loss of the voice

apnea

absence of breathing

cheyne-stokes respiration

alternating periods if apnea and deep, rapid breathing

epistaxis

bleeding from the nose

hypoxemia

decreased level of oxygen in blood

hypoxia

decreased levels of oxygen in the tissues

orthopnea

discomfort in breathing that is brought on or aggravated by laying flat

pulmonary edema

buildup of fluid in lungs

tachypnea

abnormally fast rate of respiration

rales, crackles

crackling or bubbling lung noises

rhonchi

abnormal whistling, humming, or snoring sounds

rubs

friction sounds in the lungs

stridor

whistling sound heard on inspiration

wheeze

airy, whistling-type sound

empyema

localized collection of pus in the thoracic cavity resulting from an infection in the lungs

influenza, flu

acute contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza virus

pertussis, whooping cough

acute infectious inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi caused by a bacterium

croup

acute obstruction of the upper airway in infants and children characterized by a barking cough with difficult and noisy respiration

emphysema

lung condition that involves the permanent destruction of very fine airways and alveoli, thus decreasing respiratory function

bronchiectasis

irreversible widening of portions of the bronchi

bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pnemonia (BOOP)

obstructive lung condition characterized by granulation tissue plugs in the bronchioles that extend into the alveoli

Atelectasis

collapsed lung

acid-fast bacilli (ABF) smear

test performed on sputum for the presence of the bacteria that cause tuberculosis

arterial blood gases (ABG)

test performed on arterial blood to determine the level of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases

purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test

skin test used to determine if a patient has developed an immune response to the bacteria that cause tuberculosis

polysomnography

monitoring and recording normal and abnormal activity during sleep

pulmonary function test (PFT)

measurement of oxygen saturation in the blood

pulse oximetry

measurement of oxygen saturation in the blood

adenoidectomy

excision of the adenoids

laryngectomy

excision of the larynx

lobectomy

excision of a lobe

pneumonectomy

excision of the lung

tonsillectomy

excision of one or both tonsils

septoplasty

surgical repair of the sinus

thoracentesis

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity

tracheostomy

creation of an artificial opening in the trachea

adenoids

lymphatic structures located on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx