Chapter 9 Flashcards
When did the Long Parliament first sit?
3 November 1640
When was Wentworth recalled from Ireland?
1639
How was Wentworth regarded by many in parliament?
The man who could make Charles absolutist.
Why might parliament focus their criticisms on Charles’ evil councillors such as Wentworth?
Because it was dangerous to openly criticise the king, so the likes of Wentworth were used as scapegoats.
When was Wentworth impeached by parliament?
November 1640; it was one of the first acts of the Long Parliament.
What is a Bill of Attainder?
A method of executing someone seen as a threat to the state without a trial.
When was the Army Plot?
3 May 1641
What was the Army Plot?
John Pym revealed to Parliament a royalist plot to seize the Tower of London, release Wentworth from his imprisonment, and then dissolve Parliament.
What were the 2 results of Pym’s revealing of the Army Plot?
- Parliament voted in favour to proceed with the Bill of Attainder against Wentworth.
- Parliament passed a bill stating they could not be dissolved without their own consent.
When did Charles sign the bill stating that Parliament could not be dissolved without their own consent?
10 May 1641
Why did Charles agree to sign the Bill of Attainder, thus condemning Wentworth to death?
Because of the heightened atmosphere in London with the London crowd and Army Plot, causing Charles to fear for his family’s safety.
When was Wentworth executed?
12 May 1641
What was the bridge appointments scheme?
The scheme proposed by the Earl of Bedford that would have seen appointments to Charles’ government that parliament would be happy with, whereby bridging the gap between crown and parliament and hopefully solving the political crisis.
When did the bridge appointments scheme fall through?
In may 1641 after the Earl of Bedford died from smallpox and after Wentworth’s execution, causing Charles to become less inclined to negotiation with parliament.
What was the London crowd?
The term given to Londoners that participated in politics and supported the parliamentary cause.
Who was regarded as Charles’ chief opponent in the Commons in 1640-41?
John Pym
How was Pym viewed by many moderates?
He was seen as a symbol for how Parliament was a greater threat than Charles was with their increasing radicalism against Charles’ prerogative.
When was the Root and Branch petition?
December 1640
How many Londoners signed the Root and Branch petition?
15,000
What did the Root and Branch petition demand?
The end of bishops and episcopacy (bishops governing the church).
When was the Triennial Act passed?
15 February 1641
What did the Triennial Act do?
- Abolished ship money.
- Stated that Charles had to call a parliament every three years for a minimum of 50 days.
Why did a royalist party develop?
Because MPs such as Pym attempted other ways of finding a settlement with the king after Bedford’s death, causing divisions with those that saw him as too radical.
How did moderates view the use of the Bill of Attainder against Wentworth?
They saw it as constitutionally dangerous.
What was constitutional royalism?
In the face of radicals like Pym and other Puritans threatening to take over royal prerogative and the mob hold power, many looked to the concept of monarchy - rather than Charles himself - as the best way to maintain law, order, and their influence.
When were the Ten Propositions published?
24 June 1641
Who were the Ten Propositions by?
Parliament; this proved their increasing radicalism.
