Chapter 20 - NEED WORK Flashcards
When was the Abhorrence Movement?
1682
When was James II’s Declaration of Indulgence?
June 1687
What was the fear that underpinned the Exclusion Crisis?
The creation of a Catholic line of succession after James married the Catholic princess Mary of Modena.
What was Godden v Hales?
The case concerned James’ dispensing power as Hales was a Catholic army officer and the case was an attempt to have him removed as a result of his Catholicism.
What did the result of the vote of the Exclusion Bill show?
Many MPs abstained from voting, meaning there were potentially many MPs that the king could exploit and win over.
What did James II do within his army that caused a protest from Parliament?
He appointed 90 Catholic army officers.
What did James II’s Declaration of Indulgence show?
That there was now complete toleration and right of office for Catholics.
Who was James, Duke of Monmouth?
Charles II’s eldest illegitimate son. Despite his illegitimacy, he was a Protestant and was seen as a possible monarch instead of James, Duke of York.
Who made up the majority of James II’s first parliament?
The Tories
What were the reasons for the failure of the Exclusion Crisis?
- Charles’ financial security.
- Conservatism of the Lords in blocking the Exclusion Bills.
- Wider support, generated through propaganda.
- Prerogative powers of dissolution and prorogation.
- Radicalism of the Exclusionists, calling for James to be sentenced to a traitor’s death.
What was James II’s attitude to ruling?
The same as his father’s, Charles I: authoritarian and inflexible.
When was James II’s first parliament?
May 1685
What did the Earl of Tyrconnell’s success in Catholicising the Irish army lead James II to do?
Appoint him his Lord Deputy to try and re-establish the power of English Catholics in Ireland.
When was the Oxford Parliament called?
March 1681
What did James refuse to do?
Swear loyalty to the Church of England under the terms of the Test Act, making known his Catholicism.
What did Charles II do to reinforce his stance on Exclusion after he had dissolved the Oxford Parliament?
Issued the ‘Declaration Touching the Reasons That Moved Him to Dissolve the Two Last Parliaments’.
When was the Habeas Corpus Amendment Act passed?
May 1679
What was Titus Oates’ fabricated Popish Plot?
That the Jesuits planned to assassinate Charles II so that his Catholic brother James could replace him.
In what year did Charles defeat Exclusion and emerged in a strong position of Tory Anglican Support?
1681
When was the ‘Declaration Touching the Reasons That Moved him Dissolve the Two Last Parliaments’ published, and where was it read from?
April 1681; it was read from every church pulpit.
What did the Oxford Parliament proceed to do after being called?
Voted to introduced another Exclusion Bill on 20 March 1681.
How many prorogations did Charles II use to delay the opening of the Second Exclusion Parliament?
7
When was the First Exclusion Parliament called?
6 March - July 1679
What can all of James II’s actions be seen as a means to achieving?
His religious goal of improving the position of Catholics.