Chapter 8 Vocabulary Flashcards
Active electrode
Electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area to be treated
Alternating current: AC
rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction. Changes 60 times per second.
Ampere: AMP
unit that measures the amount of an electric current.
Anaphoresis
Process of infusing alkaline (negative) product into the tissues from the negative pole towards the positive pole.
Anode
Positive electrode; anode is usually red and is marked with a P or +.
Blue light
A light emitting diode for use on clients with acne
Cataphoresis
Process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissue using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole. Tightens and calms.
Cathode
Negative electrode; the cathode is usually black and is marked with a N or -.
Chromophore
Colored cells or target in the epidermis or dermis that absorbs the laser beams thermal energy, causing the desired injury or destruction of the material.
Circuit breaker
Switch to automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload.
Complete electric circuit
The path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source
Conductor
Any substance, material, or medium that easily transmits electricity
Converter
Apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current
Desincrustation
Process used to soften and emulsify sebum and blackheads in the follicles
Direct current: DC
constant even flowing current that travels in one direction only an is produced by chemical means
Electric current
The flow of electricity along the conductor.
Electricity
Atoms that create pure energy; form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical, or thermal effects.
Electrode
Probe; applicator for directing the electric current from an electrotherapy device to the clients skin
Electromagnetic spectrum
Electromagnetic spectrum of radiation; made up of all forms of energy whose spectrum ranges from the longest waves to the shortest
Electrotherapy
The use of electrical devices to treat the skin and for therapeutic benefits
Fuse
A specific device the prevent excessive current from passing through the circuit
Galvanic current
Consists of Direct current DC; uses a positive and negative pole to produce the chemical reaction and ionic reactions.
Green light
Light emitting diode for use on the clients hyper pigmentation or for detoxifying the skin
Grounding
The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground
Inactive electrode
Opposite pole from the active electrode
Infrared light
Infrared light has longer wavelength, penetrates more deeply, has less energy, and produces more heat than visible light; makes up 60 percent of natural sunlight
Insulator
Nonconductor; substance that does not easily transmit electricity
Intense pulse light: IPL
a medical device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths of focused light to treat: spider veins, hyperpigmentation, rosacea, etc
Invisible light
Light at either end of the visible spectrum of light that is invisible to the naked eye
Iontophoresis
Ionization; process of infusing water soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current. Like galvanic.
Kilowatt:
K; 1,000 watts
Laser
Light amplification stimulated emission of radiation; a medical device that uses electromagnetic radiation for hair removal and skin treatments.
LED: Light Emitting Diode
a device used to reduce acne;increases skin circulation, and improves collagen
Light therapy
Phototherapy; the application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of acne, wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal.
Microcurrent
Extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s natural electrical impulses
Milliampere: mA
one thousandth of an ampere
Modalities
Currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments
Ohm: O
unit that measures the resistance of an electric current
Photothermolysis
Process by which light from a laser is turned into heat
Plug
2 or 3-prong connector at the end of an electrical cord.
Polarity
Negative or positive pole of an electric current
Rectifier
Apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.
Red light
Light emitting diode for the use of clients in the stimulation of circulation and collagen and elastin production.
Tesla High frequency current: Violet ray
thermal or heat producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration that is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments
Ultraviolet radiation (UV)
Invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects and kills germs
Visible light
The primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatment
Volt: V or voltage
unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor
Watt: W
measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second
Wavelength
Distance between 2 successive peaks of electromagnetic waves
Yellow light
Light emitting diode which aids in reducing inflammation and swelling
