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Milady standard Fundamentals Esthetics Exam Review Book > Chapter 13 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Alphahydroxy acids : AHAs

A

Acids derived from plants (mostly fruit) that are often used to exfoliate the skin.
mild acids: glycolic lactic Malik and tartaric acid.
AHAs Exfoliate by loosening the bonds between dead corneum cells and dissolve the intercellular matrix. Acids also stimulate sell renewal.

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2
Q

Alcohol

A

Antiseptic and solvent used in perfumes, lotion, and astringents. SD alcohol is a special denatured ethyl alcohol.

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3
Q

Algae

A

Derived from minerals and phytohormones. remineralizes and revitalize is the skin

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4
Q

Allantoin

A

AA anti-inflammatory compound isolated from the herb comfrey, It’s ability to heal wounds and skin ulcers and to stimulate the growth of healthy tissue.
It’s used in creams, hand lotion, hair lotion, aftershave, and other skin smoothing cosmetics

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5
Q

Aloe vera

A

. It’s an emollient with hydrating, softening, healing, anti-microbial an anti-inflammatory properties

Most popular botanical

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6
Q

Alpha lipoic acid

A

Natural molecule found in every cell in the body. It’s a powerful antioxidant and is soluble (mix) in water and oil

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7
Q

Alum

A

Compound made of aluminum, potassium, or ammonium sulfate. with strong astringent action.

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8
Q

Ampoules

A

Small, sealed files containing a single application of high concentrated extracts in water or oil base.

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9
Q

Anhydrous

A

Products with no water at all

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10
Q

Aromatherapy

A

Therapeutic use of plants Aromas and essential oils for beauty and health treatment purposes. It’s of a highly concentrated non-oily and volatile essential oils to induce reaction as relaxing and or to simply create a pleasant fragrance during a service

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11
Q

Astringents

A

Liquids that remove excessive oil on the skin

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12
Q

Azulene 

A

Derived from the chamomile plant and characterized by its deep blue color. it has anti-inflammatory and smoothing properties

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13
Q

Benzyl peroxide

A

Drying ingredient with antibacterial properties. Commonly used for blemishes and acne

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14
Q

Beta glucans

A

Ingredient used and anti-aging cosmetics to help reduce the appearance of lines and wrinkles. By stimulating fake collagen

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15
Q

Beta hydroxy acid : BHAs

A

Dissolves oil and is beneficial for oily skin. Salicylic acid & exfoliants organic acids are milder than alpha hydroxy acid

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16
Q

Binders

A

Substances like glycerin, they bind or hold products together

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17
Q

Botanicals

A

Ingredients derived from plants

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18
Q

Calendula

A

Anti-inflammatory plant extract

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19
Q

Carboomers

A

Ingredients to thicken creams. frequently used in Gell

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20
Q

Carrot

A

A vegetable a rich in vitamin A.commonly used in seeds and oil or to use the color

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21
Q

Certified colors

A

In organic color agents also known as metal salts. Labeled as D & C (drug and cosmetics)

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22
Q

Chamomile

A

Plant extract with calming and smoothing properties

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23
Q

Chelating agent

A

A chemical added to cosmetics to improve efficiency and to make it last longer (preserve)

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24
Q

Chemical exfoliants

A

Chemical agent that dissolves dead skin cells.

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25
Q

Clay masks

A

Oil Absorbing cleansing mask that draws impurities to the surface of the skin. as it dries & tightens

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26
Q

Cleansers

A

Soaps and detergents that clean the skin

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27
Q

Coenzyme Q10

A

Powerful antioxidant that protects skin cells

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28
Q

Colorants

A

Substances such as vegetable, pigment or mineral dyes that give products color

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29
Q

Comedogenicity

A

Any topical substance that causes or/to worsen a buildup in the follicle leading to Comodo. (Blackheads)

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30
Q

Cosmeceuticals

A

Products intended to improve the skins health & appearance

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31
Q

Cosmetics

A

Rubbed,poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body for cleansing beautifying promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance

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32
Q

Delivery systems

A

Systems that deliver ingredients to specific tissues of the Epidermis

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33
Q

Detergents

A

Surfactant used as cleanser in skin cleansing products

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34
Q

DMAE

A

Antioxidant that stabilizes cell membranes and boosts the effect of other antioxidants

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35
Q

Echinacea

A

Derived of a purple cone flower. Prevents infection and has healing properties. It’s used is to support the immune system

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36
Q

Emollients

A

Oil or fatty ingredients that lubricate or moisturize. prevents water loss

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37
Q

Emulsifier

A

Surfactant that mixes water and oil which then becomes an Emulsion

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38
Q

Enzyme peels 

A

Enzyme products that dissolve keratin proteins and exfoliate the skin.

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39
Q

Essential oils

A

Oils derived from herbs. Many have different properties and affects on the skin

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40
Q

Exfoliants

A

Mechanically and chemical products used to exfoliate the skin

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41
Q

Exfoliation

A

Peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of skin

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42
Q

Fatty acids

A

lubricant ingredient derived from plant oils or animal fat

A type of emollient

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43
Q

Fatty alcohols

A

Fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen

A type of emollient

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44
Q

Fatty esters

A

Produced from fatty acids and fatty alcohols

A type of emollient

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45
Q

Fragrance

A

Gives products their scent

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46
Q

Fresheners

A

Skin freshening lotions with low alcohol Content

47
Q

Functional ingredients

A

Ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread and give them body texture and give them a specific form such as lotion cream or gel

48
Q

Glycerin

A

Formed by a D composition of oils or fats. A very strong water binder

49
Q

Glycoproteins

A

Skin conditioning agents derived from carbohydrates and proteins.

Enhances cellular metabolism and wound healing

50
Q

Gammage

A

Exfoliating cream that are rubbed off the skin.

Ex Rolloff mask

51
Q

Grapeseed extract

A

Powerful antioxidant with smoothing properties

52
Q

Green tea

A

Powerful antioxidant and smoothing agent and is antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and a stimulant

53
Q

Healing agents

A

Chamomile or aloe vera helps to heal the skin

54
Q

Herbs

A

Hundreds of different herbs contain phytohoromones.

They are used in skin care products and cosmetics: They heal, stimulate, smooth and moisturize

55
Q

Horse chestnut

A

Helps strengthen capillary walls and is used for couperose/telangiectasia areas

56
Q

Humectants

A

Draws moisture to the skin and softens its surface which diminishes lines caused by dryness. Attracts water

57
Q

Hydrators

A

Ingredients that attract water to the skin surface

58
Q

Hydrophilic agents

A

Ingredients that attract water to the skin surface

59
Q

Jojoba

A

Extracted from bean like seeds of the desert shrub.
Used as a lubricant and non-comedogenic emollient and moisturizer

60
Q

Keratolytic

A

Agent that causes exfoliation or sloughing of skin cells

61
Q

Kojic acid

A

Skin brightening agent

62
Q

Lakes

A

Insoluble Unmixable pigments made by combining a dye with an inorganic material

63
Q

Lanolin

A

Emollient with moisturizing properties also has high water absorption capabilities

64
Q

Lavender

A

Anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antibacterial, balancing, energizing, soothing and healing

65
Q

Licorice

A

Anti-irritant used for sensitive skin that helps lighten pigmentation

66
Q

Lipids

A

Lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin

67
Q

Liposomes

A

Closed lipid bilayer spheres that incapsulate ingredients. It targets the delivery to specific tissues of the skin and control their release

68
Q

Lubricants

A

Coats the skin and reduces friction 

69
Q

Mask

A

Treatment product often composed of herbs, vitamins, mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, beneficial extracts, and

other beneficial ingredients that :cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and nourish the skin

70
Q

Mechanical exfoliation

A

Physical method of rubbing dead cells off the skin

71
Q

Methyl paraben

A

Most used preservative.
It’s very low in sensitizing potential in combat bacteria and mold also non-comedogenic

72
Q

Mineral oil

A

Lubricant derived from petroleum

73
Q

Modelage mask

A

Facial masks containing special crystals of gypsum, a plaster like ingredient.

Also known as Thermal mask

74
Q

Moisturizer

A

Product to add moisture to the skin

75
Q

Non-certified colors

A

Colors that are organic
They come from animal or plant extracts

76
Q

Oil soluble

A

Compatible with oil

77
Q

Olfactory system

A

Gives us our sense of smell
It’s the strongest of five senses

78
Q

Papaya

A

Used for exfoliation and in enzyme peels
It’s a natural enzyme

79
Q

Parabens

A

Provides bacteriostatic static and fungistatic activity against a diverse number of organisms

The most used preservative in cosmetics

80
Q

Paraffin wax masks

A

It warms the skin and promotes penetration of ingredients through the heat trapped under the surface of the paraffin

81
Q

Peptides

A

Chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblast, cell metabolism, collagen, and improves skin firmness

82
Q

Performance ingredients

A

Ingredients that caused the actual change in the appearance of the skin

83
Q

Petroleum jelly

A

Occlusive agent that restores the barrier layer by holding in water

84
Q

PH adjusters

A

Acid or alkalize used to adjust the pH of a product

85
Q

Phytotherapy

A

Plant extracts used for therapeutic benefits

86
Q

Polyglucans

A

Ingredient derived from yeast cells
They help strengthen the immune system and stimulate the metabolism

87
Q

Polymers

A

Chemical compound formed by combining a number of small molecules into long chain like structures

88
Q

Potassium hydroxide

A

Strong alkali used in soap and creams

89
Q

Preservative

A

Cosmetic formula that kills bacteria and prevents product from spoiling

90
Q

Propylene glycol

A

Often used in dry or sensitive skin moisturizers

91
Q

Quaternium 15

A

Preservative active agent against bacteria, mold, and yeast.

But can cause dermatitis and allergies

92
Q

Retinal

A

Vitamin A

stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by making new cells

93
Q

Rose

A

Has moisturizing, astringent, tonic, and the order of properties

94
Q

Salicylic acid

A

BHA with exfoliating an anti-septic properties

95
Q

Seaweed

A

Seaweed derivatives such as algae have many nourishing properties

96
Q

Serums

A

Concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and treat various skin conditions

97
Q

Silicones

A

Oil chemically combined with silicone and oxygen and leaves a noncomedogenic film on the skin surface

98
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Alkaline in organic salt used as a buffering agent, neutralizer, and PH adjuster

99
Q

Sorbitol

A

Absorbs moisture from the air to prevent skin dryness

A humectant

100
Q

Sphingolipids

A

Ceramides, or lipid material, that are a natural part of the intercellular matrix

101
Q

Squalane

A

Derived from olives
It desensitizes and nourishes 

102
Q

Squalene

A

A lubricant and perfume fixative

It’s involved with oil

103
Q

Stem cells

A

Derived from plants to protect or stimulate our own skin stem cells

104
Q

Sulfur

A

Sulfur reduces oil gland activities and dissolves the skin surface layer of dry dead skin

105
Q

Sun protection factor

A

SPF A product to delay son induced your erythema

SPF can help UVB not UVA

106
Q

Tea tree

A

Soothing and anti-septic antifungal properties

107
Q

Tissue respiratory factor

A

Ingredient derived from yeast cells that functions as an anti-inflammatory and moisturizing ingredient

108
Q

Titanium dioxide

A

An organic physical sunscreen that reflects UV radiation

109
Q

Toners

A

Liquid designed to tone and tighten the skin

110
Q

Urea

A

Properties that enhance the penetration abilities of other substances

Anti-inflammatory, anti-septic, and deodorizing action that protects the skin surface and helps maintain healthy skin

111
Q

Vehicles

A

Spreading agent

112
Q

Water soluble

A

Mixable with water

113
Q

Witch hazel

A

Extracted from the bark of the Hamanelis shrub

114
Q

Zinc oxide

A

Inorganic physical sunscreen that reflects UV a radiation

Milady standard Fundamentals Esthetics Exam Review Book (43 decks)

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