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Milady standard Fundamentals Esthetics Exam Review Book > 10)Physiology & Histology of the Skin > Flashcards

10)Physiology & Histology of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is UBV radiation also known as “burning rays”?

A

UVB wavelengths cause burning of the skin as well as cancer

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2
Q

What is NOT an element of the skin’s acid mantle?

A

Blood

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3
Q

What causes injured skin to restore itself to its normal thickness?

A

Hyper production of cells

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4
Q

What are the items in the dermis that respond to touch,pain,cold,heat, & pressure?

A

Sensory nerve ending

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5
Q

What are most abundant in the fingertips, as opposed to other parts of the body?

A

Sensory nerve fibers

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6
Q

What is the average internal temperature of the body in degrees Fahrenheit?

A

98.6

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7
Q

Why does the body perspire?

A

to protect us from overheating

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8
Q

What are follicles?

A

Tube like openings in the epidermis

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9
Q

What is NOT a compound in the body from which free radicals take electrons?

A

Sebum

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10
Q

What is glycation?

A

the binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule

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11
Q

What are hair papillae?

A

Cone-shaped elevations at the base of the follicle

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12
Q

Where in the body is hyaluronic acid found?

A

Skin

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13
Q

What is hydrolipid film?

A

oil-water balance that protects the skins surface

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14
Q

What is a fiber protein found in skin, hair, and nails?

A

Keratin

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15
Q

What is the acid mantle?

A

Protective layer of lipids and secretions on the skins surface

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16
Q

Where in the body are the coiled structures known as apocrine glands found?

A

Underarms and genital area

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17
Q

What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscle?

A

Goose bumps

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18
Q

What does that skin’s barrier function protect us from, in addition to irritation?

A

Inter cellular water loss

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19
Q

What are ceramides?

A

Glycolipid materials

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20
Q

What is collagen?

A

Fibrous tissue made from protein

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21
Q

What is corneocytes?

A

Hardened kertatinocytes

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22
Q

What are membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis?

A

Dermal papillae

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23
Q

Where in the face does the chronic condition rosacea primarily appear?

A

Cheeks and nose

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24
Q

What protects the surface of the skin?

A

Sebaceous glands

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25
Q

What are guard cells of the immune system that sense unrecognized foreign invaders, such as bacteria?

A

Langerhans immune cells

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26
Q

What is oil that provides protection for the epidermis from external factors and that lubricates both skin and hair?

A

Sebum

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27
Q

What is the common name for the stratum corneum?

A

Horny layer

28
Q

What is true of the stratum corneum?

A

it is the outermost layer of the skin

29
Q

What is the common name for stratum germiniativum?

A

Basal layer

30
Q

Where in the skin is the stratum germinativum located?

A

Above the papillary layer of the dermis

31
Q

What is a common name of the stratum garnulosum?

A

Granular layer

32
Q

What forms the cells in the stratum granulosum that resemble granules?

A

Keratin

33
Q

What is the common name for the stratum corneum?

A

Horny layer

34
Q

What is another name for the subcutaneous layer of the skin?

A

Hypodermis

35
Q

What part of the skin provides a protective cushion and energy storage for the body?

A

Subcutaneous layer

36
Q

What is another name for subcutis tissue?

A

Adipose tissue

37
Q

What are the glands that excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body?

A

Sudoriferous

38
Q

What cells identify molecules that have foreign peptides, and help to regulate immune response?

A

T-cells

39
Q

What causes telangiectasia?

A

Capillary damage

40
Q

What causes transepidermal water loss?

A

Evaporation

41
Q

What is a common term for UVA radiation?

A

Aging ray

42
Q

What is the dermis?

A

Support layer below the epidermis

43
Q

What function do desmosomes perform?

A

Assist in holding cells together

44
Q

What are eccrine glands?

A

Sweat glands

45
Q

What protein fiber is found in the dermis and gives skin its flexibility and firmness?

A

Elastin

46
Q

What hormone stimulate cells to reproduce and heal?

A

(EGF) Epidermal Growth Factor

47
Q

What is true of the epidermis?

A

it is the outermost layer of the skin

48
Q

What performs the function of stimulating cells, collagen, and amino acids that form proteins?

A

Fibroblasts

49
Q

What term do clients commonly use when referring to follicles?

A

Pores

50
Q

What comprises about 50 to 70 percent of the skin?

A

Water

51
Q

What causes the body to produce its own vitamin D?

A

Exposure to the sun

52
Q

What is NOT one of the six primary functions of the skin?

A

Reflection

53
Q

What function does the enzyme tyrosinase perform?

A

Stimulates melanocytes and thus produces melanin

54
Q

What is the other type of melanin the body produces, besides eumelanin?

A

Pheomelanin

55
Q

How many times thicker than the epidermis is the dermis, approximately?

A

25

56
Q

When do free radicals produce more free radicals?

A

While causing oxidation reactions

57
Q

What causes skin cells, built-in antioxidants to lose their ability to protect cells?

A

Sun exposure

58
Q

What is true of sun exposure?

A

of all factors, it has the greatest impact on how our skin ages

59
Q

What are keratinocytes?

A

Epidermal cells composed of keratin, lipids, and other proteins

60
Q

Where in the skin are lymph vessels located?

A

Dermis

61
Q

What protein determines hair, eye, and skin color?

A

Melanin

62
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Cells that produce skin pigment granules in the basal layer

63
Q

What are melanomes?

A

Pigment carrying granules that produce melanin is located

64
Q

What is true of the papillary layer of the skin?

A

it is the top layer of the dermis

65
Q

What is true of the reticular layer of the skin?

A

it is the deepest layer of the dermis

Milady standard Fundamentals Esthetics Exam Review Book (43 decks)

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