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Milady standard Fundamentals Esthetics Exam Review Book > Chapter 5 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

A

a disease that breaks down the bodys immune system, AIDS is cause by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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2
Q

Acquired Immunity

A

immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation ( such as flu vaccines) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.

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3
Q

Allergy

A

reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other harmless substances.

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4
Q

Antiseptics

A

Chemical germicides formulated to use on skin; registered and regulated by the food and drug administration (FDA)

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5
Q

Aseptic Procedures

A

a process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce combination.

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6
Q

Asymptomatic

A

showing no symptoms or signs of infection.

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7
Q

Autoclave

A

a device for sterilization by steam under pressure.

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8
Q

Bacilli

A

short rod-shaped bacteria, they are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lock-jaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.

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9
Q

Bacteria

A

one- celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some harmless.

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10
Q

Bactericidal

A

capable of destroying bacteria

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11
Q

Binary Fission

A

the division of bacteria cells two new cells called daughter cells.

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12
Q

Bioburden

A

number of variable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object before decontamination or sterilization.

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13
Q

BloodBorne Pathogens

A

disease- causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.

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14
Q

Body substance isolation

A

BSI, a system of precautions to prevent contact with bodily substances and fluids by using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable disease.

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15
Q

Chelating soaps

A

known as chelating detergents: detergents that break down stubborn films and remove residue of products such as scrubs, salts and masks.

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16
Q

Clean: known as cleaning

A

a mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing-germs. Cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection.

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17
Q

Cocci

A

round shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups. The three types of cocci are staphylococcus, streptococci, and diplococci.

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18
Q

Contagious disease: known as communicable disease

A

a disease that is spread from one person to another. Examples include, Ringworm, common cold, pink eye, viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections.

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19
Q

Contamination

A

the presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair and skin.

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20
Q

Cross-Contamination

A

Contamination occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another, such as touching skin, then touching a product without washing your hands.

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21
Q

Decontamination

A

the removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as hair, skin and dust

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22
Q

Dermatophytes

A

type of fungi that causes skin,hair and nail infections.

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23
Q

Diagnosis

A

determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis.

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24
Q

Diplococci

A

spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and causes diseases such as pneumonia.

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25
Q

Direct transmission

A

transmission of blood or body fluids through touching, kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.

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26
Q

Disease

A

an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function.

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27
Q

Disinfectants

A

chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces (not on spores)

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28
Q

Disinfection also known as disinfecting

A

the process that eliminates most but not necessarily all microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores.

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29
Q

Efficacy

A

the ability to produce an effect.

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30
Q

Exposure incident

A

contact with no intact skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties.

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31
Q

Flagella: also known; cilla slender

A

hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion.

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32
Q

Folliculitis: known as folliculitis barbae, sycosis barbae, or barber’s itch.

A

Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods.

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33
Q

Fungi

A

microscopic plant parasites; which include molds, mildews and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.

34
Q

Fungicidal

A

capable of destroying fungi.

35
Q

Hepatitis

A

a blood borne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.

36
Q

Hospital infectants

A

disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.

37
Q

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus

A

pathogen that is most often the precursor to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) by impairing or killing the immune system affected with it, HIV progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infections or certain cancers.

38
Q

Human papillomavirus

A

HPV and also known as plantar warts; a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot that resembles small black dots, usually clustered in groups.

39
Q

Immunity

A

the ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health.

40
Q

Indirect Transmission

A

transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.

41
Q

Infection

A

the invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens.

42
Q

Infection control

A

the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.

43
Q

Infectious

A

caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.

44
Q

Infectious disease

A

disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to the other.

45
Q

Inflammation

A

condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation,or infection. Characterized by redness, heat, pain and swelling.

46
Q

Local infection

A

an infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.

47
Q

MSDS

A

(material safety data sheet) information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings.

48
Q

Methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus: MRSA

A

a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.

49
Q

Microorganism

A

any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

50
Q

Mildew

A

a type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.

51
Q

Motility

A

Self movement

52
Q

Multiuse: known as reusable

A

items that can be cleaned, disinfected and used on more than one persons, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.

53
Q

Mycobacterium fortuitum fortuitum

A

a microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers.

54
Q

Natural Immunity

A

immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.

55
Q

Nonpathogenic

A

harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.

56
Q

Nonporous

A

an item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.

57
Q

Occupational Disease

A

illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients.

58
Q

Parasites

A

organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism. While contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.

59
Q

Parasitic Disease

A

disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.

60
Q

Pathogenic

A

harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body.

61
Q

Pathogenic Disease

A

disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

62
Q

PPE

A

Protective clothing and devices designed to protect an individual from contact with bloodborne pathogens; examples include gloves, fluid- resistant lab coats, apron or gown, goggles or eye shield, and face masks that cover the nose and mouth.

63
Q

Phenolic Disinfectants

A

powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. They are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high PH and can damage the skin and eyes.

64
Q

Porous

A

made of a material that has pores or openings. Porous items are absorbent.

65
Q

Pus

A

A fluid created by infection.

66
Q

QUATS

A

Quaternary ammonium Compounds, disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon.

67
Q

Sanitizing

A

a chemical process for reducing the number of disease causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.

68
Q

Scabies

A

skin disease caused by an Itch mite, which burrows under the skin.

69
Q

Single-Use: Known as a disposable

A

which are items that cannot be used more than once on a client. They cannot be clean or disinfected

70
Q

Sodium Hyperchlorite

A

Household Bleach

71
Q

Spirilla

A

spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria that causes diseases such as syphilis and lyme disease

72
Q

Standard Precautions: SP

A

precautions such as wearing PPE to prevent skin and mucous membrane where contact with a client’s blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, non intact skin, and mucous membranes is likely. Workers must assume that all bloody and bodily fluids are potential sources of infection.

73
Q

Staphylococci

A

pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils.

74
Q

Sterilization

A

the process that destroys all microbial life, including spores.

75
Q

Systematic Disease

A

disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under functioning or over functioning or internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system.

76
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

a ringworm fungus of the foot or athlete’s foot.

77
Q

Tinea Versicolor: known as sunspots

A

a noncontagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin and is often found on the arms and legs.

78
Q

Toxins

A

Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms

79
Q

Tuberculocidal Disinfectants

A

Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis.

80
Q

Tuberculosis

A

A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing and sneezing

81
Q

Universal Precautions: UP

A

a set up of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for blood borne pathogens.

82
Q

Virus

A

a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms. A Virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host’s cells’ reproductive function.

Milady standard Fundamentals Esthetics Exam Review Book (43 decks)

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