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A&P I > Chapter 8 - Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 8 - Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Large depression

A

Fossa

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2
Q

Smaller depression

A

Fovea

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3
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove (tendon, nerves or blood vessel might go thru this)

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4
Q

A big hole

A

Foramen

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5
Q

Little holes

A

Foramina

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6
Q

Slit

A

Fissure

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7
Q

Large knob that articulates

A

Condyle

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8
Q

Smooth slightly convex or concave surface that articulates

A

Facet

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9
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Brain

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10
Q

Orbit

A

Eyeball

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11
Q

Oral cavity

A

Mouth

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12
Q

Makes your skull lighter , help warm and humidify air as your breathe, resonating chambers for your voice and thus affect tone and quality of the voice

A

Paranasal sinuses

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13
Q

Examined by forensic pathologists and anthropologists

A

Hypoid

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14
Q

Transverse Formen

A

Cervical vertebrae

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15
Q

Costal facets

A

Thoracic

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16
Q

Sacrum fusion happens between ages

A

16-26

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17
Q

Fusion of coccyx is complete between the ages

A

20-30

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18
Q

Can be broken during difficult childbirth but mostly broken by a hard fall

A

Coccyx

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19
Q

Newborns don’t have these

A

Curvatures

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20
Q

Ability to hold up head and walking forms this

A

Curvature

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21
Q

All can cause pain and problems with age

A

Abnormal curvatures

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22
Q

Abnormal curvature to either side; common in adolescent girls requiring exercises or bracing to straighten during growth

A

Scoliosis

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23
Q

Excessive curving in the upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebra to form a hunched back ; common in older women with disk degeneration from osteoporosis

A

Kyphosis

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24
Q

Common if boys or men engage in too much lifting of heavy weights or intense wrestling

A

Kyphosis

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25
Q
  • Can result from arthritis, osteoporosis, muscular dystrophy, achondroplasia or extreme obesity ;
  • actually does not commonly occur during pregnancy
  • shows only after a child begins to walk
A

Lordosis

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26
Q

Softening of bones from lack of calcium or calcitriol

A

Osteomalacia

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27
Q

The vertebra that has a transverse foramen

A

Cervical

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28
Q

Projection or bump

A

Process

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29
Q

Large , rough projection

A

Trochanter

30
Q

Small, rough projection

A

Tuberosity

31
Q

Arms

A

Humerus,radius,ulna

32
Q

Wrist

A

Carpals

33
Q

Hand

A

metacarpals & phalanges

34
Q

shoulder

A

pectoral girdle (Clavicle & Scapula)

35
Q

Legs

A

Femur,tibia,patella

36
Q

Ankles

A

Tarsals

37
Q

Feet

A

Metatarsals& phalanges

38
Q

Hips

A

Pelvic girdle

39
Q

small,rounded projection

A

tubercule

40
Q

a prominent ridge

A

crest

41
Q

a low ridge

A

line

42
Q

a pointed process

A

spine

43
Q

bone slides over bone

A

articulation

44
Q

large articular surface of long bone; expanded area of epiphysis separated from shaft of bone by a neck

A

head

45
Q

a narrow connection between ephiphysis and diaphysis

A

neck

46
Q

smooth,rounded articular process

A

condyle

47
Q

smooth, grooved articular process

A

trochlea

48
Q

smooth, flat articular surface

A

facet

49
Q

hard smooth areas caused by creation of osteons & lamellae arranged around the osteons

A

compact bone

50
Q

a basic unit of bone

A

Osteon

51
Q

found under compact bone; looks like a sponge; trabeculae

A

Spongy bone

52
Q

one little spike or branch in spongy bone

A

Trabecula , Plural = Trabeculae

53
Q

the long part in the middle

A

diaphysis

54
Q

the bigger parts on the ends

A

epiphysis

55
Q

the hollow part in the center where marrow is

A

Medullary cavity

56
Q

where is spongy bone found ?

A

middle of epiphyses

57
Q

what color is marrow in adults ?

A

Yellow (Adipose)

58
Q

What color is marrow in infants?

A

Red (Blood & Immune)

59
Q

outer smooth surface of the bone formed from compact bone

A

Cortex

60
Q

Spongy bone in the middle of these bones; Marrow will fill the spaces between the trabeculae

A

Diploe

61
Q

around a central canal which contains blood vessels (One inside the other)

A

Concentric lamellae

62
Q

Where osteocytes and chondrocytes are trapped inside

A

Lucunae

63
Q

The processes extend through small tunnels through the lamellae

A

Canalilculi

64
Q

The layer that fills in spaces between adjacent osteons and between and osteons and circumferential lamellae

A

Interstitial lamellae

65
Q

The layer that wraps around the outside of the whole bone forming a smooth surface

A

Circumferential lamellae

66
Q

Has a tough outer fibrous layer, but the inner layer is cells

A

Periosteum

67
Q

Wraps around the outside of the bones

A

Periosteum

68
Q

wraps around the the trabeculae,lines the central canal of osteons , and lines the marrow cavity inside long bones.

A

Endosteum

69
Q

bones of the limbs (arms & legs) and their supporting elements (shoulde,clavicles, pelvic girdle, hips)

A

Appendicular Skeleton

70
Q

The longitudinal axis of the body; skull, thoracic cage & vertebral column

A

Axial Skeleton

A&P I (16 decks)

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