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A&P I > Chapter 10 - Muscular System > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

The study of muscles

A

Myology

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2
Q

Has distinct banding patterns and sarcomeres

A

Striated muscle

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3
Q

what kind of control is skeletal muscle ?

A

Voluntary control

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4
Q

What kind of control is cardiac muscle ?

A

Involuntary control

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5
Q

Has no distinct banding patterns, all involuntary movement

A

Smooth muscle

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6
Q

Most smooth muscle is ?

A

Single unit smooth muscle

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7
Q

Certain locations of smooth muscle ?

A

Multi unit smooth muscle

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8
Q

2 Types of muscle ?

A

Striated and Unstriated

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9
Q

Force generated by contracting muscle

A

Tension

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10
Q

Force exerted on muscle by object (Usually weight)

A

Load

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11
Q

What kind of muscle is attached to bones across joints ?

A

Skeletal muscle

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12
Q

what kind of muscle, when contacted or shortened, it generates tension/force

A

Skeletal muscle

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13
Q

When tension > load, movement of one of the two bones it is attached to occurs

A

Skeletal muscle

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14
Q

Tension produced, but no change in length of muscle (Tension <= load)

A

Isometric

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15
Q

Muscle length changes

A

Isotonic

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16
Q

bundles of highly organized molecules inside muscular fiber

A

Myofibrils

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17
Q

Muscle cells

A

Muscle fiber

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18
Q

Bundles of fiber cells

A

Fascicle

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19
Q

Bundles of fascicles

A

Muscle

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20
Q

Membrane around muscle fibers

A

Endomysium

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21
Q

Membrane around fascicles

A

Perimysium

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22
Q

Membrane around muscle

A

Epimysium

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23
Q

Muscle that is thick in the middle and thin on the ends

A

Fusiform

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24
Q

Example of Fusiform

A

Biceps Brachii

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25
Q

Muscle that has strap-like muscles with parallel fascicles, weaker than fusiform, cover long distances

A

Parallel

26
Q

Example of Parallel

A

Rectus abdominis

27
Q

Fan shaped with narrow insertion

A

Triangular

28
Q

Example of triangular

A

Pectoralis major

29
Q

Feather shape to direction of fascicles

A

Pennate

30
Q

Form rings around openings, seen in eyes and sphincters

A

Circular

31
Q

groups of muscle that work together within one part of the limb

A

Muscle compartments

32
Q

Surrounds these large muscle groups, separates it from other nearby muscles

A

Fascia and tough connective tissue

33
Q

Contains related muscles and the blood vessels/nerves that supply that muscle group

A

Fascia and tough connective tissue

34
Q

Supplies the muscle group that are often contained with the fascia that surrounds the compartment

A

Artery, vein and nerve

35
Q

Muscle emerges from bone, no tendon, epimysium continuous with periosteum , eg. intercostal muscles

A

Direct

36
Q

attachment via tendon. the tendon is an extension of the epimysium and the tendon merges with periosteum . Most muscles are indirect attachments eg. Bacips brachil

A

Indirect

37
Q

Larger portion of the muscle

A

Belly

38
Q

The stationary end of a muscle as it contracts and moves

A

origin

39
Q

The ending muscle of a muscle as it contracts and moves

A

Insertion

40
Q

The end of the muscle that is more proximal and superior without regard for any particular movements or motion of the muscle

A

Proximal or superior end

41
Q

The end of the muscle that is more distal and inferior without regard for any particular movements or motion of the muscle

A

Distal or inferior end

42
Q

The muscle that does the most work in generating a particular motion

A

Agonist or prime mover

43
Q

Elbow flexion, prime mover is ?

A

Biceps brachii

44
Q

Muscles that work together to generate a particular motion

A

Synergistic

45
Q

Opposing muscles that whose contraction might inhibit the desired motion, these muscles may be relaxed in order to allow the desired motion to occur

A

Antagonistic

46
Q

Muscle that must be contracted during a motion that is actually generated by a prime mover in a different area ; without isometric contraction of the fixator, contraction of the prime over will generate a different motion

A

Fixator

47
Q

Muscles that are contained within the region they will move

A

Intrinsic

48
Q

Muscles that have an origin outside the region they will move

A

Extrinsic

49
Q

Nerves stimulate contraction

A

Skeletal muscle

50
Q

Initiate and regulate contractions

A

Smooth muscle

51
Q

Spontaneous contraction via action of pacemaker cells

A

Cardiac msucle

52
Q

12 total, found in head and neck, branch off brain and brainstem

A

Cranial nerves

53
Q

30 total ,, branch off spinal cord

A

Spinal nerves

54
Q

8 pairs, carries nerves to and from Places

A

Cervical nerves

55
Q

Carries nerves to Head, neck, shoulders, arms

A

Cerical nerves

56
Q

12 pairs carries nerves to and from the chest, abdominal wall, and arms

A

Thoracic Nerves

57
Q

5 pairs, carries nerves to and from th hips and legs

A

Lumbar

58
Q

5 pairs , carries nerves to and from the genitals and digestive tract

A

Sacral

59
Q

1 pair , carries nerves that goes to and from the anus

A

coccygeal

60
Q

muscle shortens (tension > load) eg. lifting something

A

Concentric

61
Q

Muscle lengthens (load > tension) eg. putting down something

A

Eccentric

A&P I (16 decks)

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