Chapter 8: Large, Complex, Synovial Joints Flashcards
What are the large synovial joints?
- Shoulder
- Elbow
- Hip
- Knee
What type of synovial joint is the shoulder joint?
Ball and socket.
What are the major ligaments of the shoulder joint?
- Coracohumeral
- Glenohumeral
- Transverse humeral
What is the purpose of the ligaments?
To prevent displacement.
What are the purpose of the bursae?
To reduce tension between bones, muscles, and tendons.
Where is the glenohumeral ligament?
Connects to the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
Where is the coracohumeral ligament?
Connect to the collarbone.
What is the transverse humeral ligament?
Covers the tendons of bicep brachi (long head).
What 2 synovial joints are found in the elbow?
- Hinge Joint
- Gliding Joint
Which bones have the hinge joint?
The humerus and ulna.
What movement does the hinge joint give?
Flexion and extension only.
Which bones have the gliding (plane) joint?
The humerus and radius.
What movement does the plane joint give the arm?
Supination and pronation.
What are the major ligaments in the elbow?
- Radial collateral ligament
- Ulnar collateral ligament
- Annular ligament
What is the radial collateral ligament?
Ligament that connects the humerus to the annular ligament (on the side of the radius).
What is the ulnar collateral ligament?
Connects the humerus to the ulna.
What does collateral mean?
On the side of or running parallel to.
What is the annular ligament?
The ligament that connects the ulna and radius.
What type of synovial joint does the hip have?
Ball and socket.
Major ligaments of the hip joint:
- Iliofemoral ligament
- Ischiofemoral ligament
- Pubofemoral ligament
What is the largest and most complex joint?
The Knee joint.
Which bones does the knee joint contain?
- Femur
- Tibia
- Patella
What separates the femur and tibia?
Menisci
What is the purpose of the menisci?
- shock absorption
- weight distribution
- joint stability
Major ligaments of the knee joint:
- Patellar ligament
- Oblique popliteal ligament
- Arcuate popliteal ligament
- Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
- Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
- Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What does the tibial collateral ligament do and where is it located?
- Connects the femur to the tibia.
- Located in the inner side of the knee.
What does the fibular collateral ligament do and where is it located?
- Connects the femur to the fibula.
- Located in the outer side of the knee.
Knee joint characteristics:
- Modified hinge joint between condyles
- Flexion/extension
- Some rotation when knee is flexed
- Plane joint between femur & patella
