Chapter 7: Fractures Flashcards
How are fractures classified?
Based on the cause and nature of the break.
What is a simple (closed) fracture?
Fracture that does not break the skin.
What is a compound (open) fracture?
Fracture that breaks through the skin.
What types of fractures are there?
- Greenstick
- Fissured
- Comminuted
- Transverse
- Oblique
- Spiral
What is a greenstick fracture?
This is an incomplete break, cause by the bending of a bone.
What is a fissured fracture?
This is an incomplete longitudinal break.
What is a comminuted fracture?
This is a complete break with the bones breaking into several pieces.
What is a transverse fracture?
This is a complete break at a right angle from the axis of the bone.
What is an oblique fracture?
This is a fracture that occurs at an angle that is not 90 degrees form the axis of the bone.
What is a spiral fracture?
This is a fracture caused by excessive twisting of the bone.
What are the steps in healing a bone fracture?
- Hematoma
- Cartilaginous Callus
- Bony Callus
- Remodeling
What is the hematoma?
Once the bone is fractured, blood spills out of the ruptured blood vessels, forming a large blood clot.
What happens in the cartilaginous callus?
Phagocytes remove debris, fibrocartilage invades.
What happens in the bony callus?
Osteoblasts invade, hard callus fills space.
What happens during remodeling?
Bone restored close to original shape.
