Chapter 8: Biochemistry And Nutrition

Question 1

What organic compound is implicated in Diabetes mellitus?

Answer 1

Ketones

Question 2

What organic compound is implicated in Atherosclerosis?

Answer 2

Cholesterol

Question 3

What organic compound is implicated in Phenylketonuria?

Answer 3

Phenylalanine

Question 4

Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be an indication of what condition?
A- Diabetes
B- Lipemia
C- Anemia
D- Acidosis

Answer 4

B- Lipemia

Question 5

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharide units?
A- Monosaccharide
B- Disaccharide
C- Oligosaccharide
D- Polysaccharide

Answer 5

C- Oligosaccharide

Question 6

What is the primary source of energy used by the body for all metabolic processes?

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

What type of carbohydrate is Ribose?

Answer 7

A monosaccharide

Question 8

What type of carbohydrate is Amylose?

Answer 8

A polysaccharide that is a component of starch

Question 9

What type of carbohydrate is Cellulose?

Answer 9

A polysaccharide that makes up supportive structure of plants

Question 10

What type of carbohydrate is Maltose?

Answer 10

A disaccharide

Question 11

Which of the following groups of organic compounds is the largest component of plasma membranes?
A- Proteins
B- Lipids
C- Carbohydrates
D- Vitamin

Answer 11

B- Lipids

Question 12

what does the term “saturated fatty-acid” mean?

Answer 12

All carbons on the saturated fatty-acid are bound to as many hydrogen atoms as possible

Question 13

Which of the following is measured in the blood to assess lipid metabolism?
A- Glycoprotein
B- Triglyceride
C- Hemoglobin
D- Amylase

Answer 13

B- triglyceride

Question 14

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Answer 14

1- Nitrogenous (nitrogen-containing) base
2- Sugar
3- Phosphate group

Question 15

Which of the following molecules are structural proteins?
A- Lipase and restriction enzymes
B- Collagen and keratin
C- Hemoglobin and high density lipoprotein
D- Antigens and antibodies

Answer 15

B- Collagen and keratin

Question 16

Vitamins serve as chemical partners with which of the following to help maintain normal cell functions?
A- Enzymes
B- Lipids
C- Nucleic acids
D- Steroids

Answer 16

A- Enzymes

Question 17

Zinc is an example of a _____________________.

Answer 17

Micro mineral

Question 18

A fatty acid with a single bond between two carbons is considered what kind of fat?
A- Saturated
B- Polyunsaturated
C- Monounsaturated
D- Trisaturated

Answer 18

C- Monounsaturated

Question 19

Is Vitamin A fat-soluble or water-soluble?

Answer 19

Fat-soluble

Question 20

Is Vitamin C fat-soluble or water-soluble?

Answer 20

Water-soluble

Question 21

Is Vitamin B12 fat-soluble or water-soluble?

Answer 21

Water-soluble

Question 22

Is Vitamin K fat-soluble or water-soluble?

Answer 22

Fat-soluble

Question 23

Is Vitamin E fat-soluble or water-soluble?

Answer 23

Fat-soluble

Question 24

List 4 of the micro minerals essential in the diet

Answer 24

1- Calcium
2- Phosphorus
3- Magnesium
4- Sodium
5- Potassium
6- Chlorine
7- Sulfur

Question 25

True or False
Cholesterol is a lipid that is soluble in blood.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

What are the basic components of proteins?

Answer 26

Amino acids

Question 27

What breaks down dietary fiber?
A- Stomach acid
B- Amylase
C- Lipase
D- Bacterial fermentation

Answer 27

D- Bacterial fermentation

Question 28

Which type of animal can degrade fiber and use it for a main source of energy?

Answer 28

Ruminants

Question 29

Which 2 laboratory animal species require Vitamin C in the diet because they cannot synthesize it in their body?

Answer 29

1- Guinea pigs
2- Nonhuman primates

Question 30

Which two species require supplementation of their diet with taurine?
A- Goats and sheep
B- Nonhuman primates and dogs
C- Ferrets and cats
D- Mice and rats

Answer 30

C- Ferrets and cats