Chapter 6: Health Surveillance And Quality Assurance Flashcards
What term best describes the methods used to detect adventitious bacteria, viruses, or parasites at an early stage of infection?
A- Quality assurance
B- Health surveillance
C- Animal husbandry
D- Environmental monitoring
B- Health surveillance
In an animal environment, quality assurance applies to systems used to operate the facility and provide for the animals, such as:
A- Animal care
B- Sanitation
C- Food inventory
D- All of the above
D- All of the above
What is a good way to screen the health status of incoming animals?
A- Ask the vendor to quarantine the animals for 14 days before delivery
B- Request several extra animals from the vendor to use for health screening
C- Disinfect the exterior of the transport cages before admitting the animals to the colony
D- Examine the animals as soon as they arrive
B- request several extra animals from the vendor to sue for health screening
True or False
Serology is the best method to detect pathogens in immunodeficient animals
False
Name two advantages of PCR over other detection techniques.
1- It does not require the host to have a completely functional immune system
2- It has a very high sensitivity
3- Test of choice for identifying infection by Helicobacteria spp.
4- Available for many viruses
Which test detects known DNA sequences characteristic for the pathogens?
A- Polymerase chain reaction
B- Enzyme-linked immunosobent assay
C- Indirect immunofluorescence assay
D- Multiplex fluorescent immunosassay
A- Polymerase chain reaction
True or False
Sentinel animals are experimental animals that are subjected to extra testing during the course of the study.
False
List three characteristics of sentinel animals.
1- They should be Immunocompetent
2- They should be at least 8-12 weeks old
3- They should be initially free of the agent being tested
Why are sentinels not an effective method to detect some viral pathogens, such as Sendai virus?
Because they are better at detecting pathogens which are spread by the oral-fecal route and less so for pathogens spread by aerosol transmission
Why are older animals NOT appropriate for use as sentinels?
They often develop nonspecific antibodies that may interfere with the testing
Facilities that must meet GLP standards are most likely to use which type of feed?
A- Certified diets
B- Autoclaved diets
C- Irradiated diets
D- Commercially available diets
A- Certified diets
List four components of a successful water quality monitoring system.
1- Regular testing of the functionality of the watering system
2- Testing for chemical and bacterial contaminants
3- Regular screening of the equipment
4- Keeping a log of all the testing
Identify two potential problems with fresh bedding that animal care staff should be able to detect easily when changing cages.
1- Excessive dust
2- Presence of foreign materials in the bedding
What test is used to detect DNA sequence of pathogen?
PCR
What test is used to detect Syphacia spp.?
Anal tape test
What test is used to detect Aspiculuris tetraptera?
Cecal content exam
What test is used to detect Psuedomonas aeruginosa?
Bacterial culture
What test is used to detect RNA sequence of pathogen?
RT-PCR
What is the advantage of using chemically treated papers inside a package rather than putting a sensor tape on the surface of the package to monitor autoclave functions?
The sensor tapes only reveal conditions of the specific site of the test.
Using papers inside the package ensures that the correct temperature was reached inside the package, not only on the surface.
Continuous exposure to acoustical levels above _____ decibels (dB) can have both auditory and nonauditory effects.
A- 75
B- 80
C- 85
D- 90
C- 85
True or False
Radios should not be permitted in any room where animals are housed.
False
Light levels of ________ foot-candles at ______ meter(s) above the floor are adequate for most routine care procedures.
A- 10; 2
B- 15; 1
C- 20; 2
D- 30; 1
D- 30; 1
True or False
PCR rodent infectious agent (PRIA) panels allow detection of an infectious agent even if present in low numbers.
True
In what situations is PRIA testing a valuable component of a screening program?
The pathogen is difficult to detect or characterize with other methods;
The pathogen takes along time to culture;
The pathogen requires histopathology to confirm
List two disadvantages of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test?
1- PCR is only available for certain pathogens
2- PCR only detects active infections
What is the overall goal of a quality assurance (QA) program?
The overall goal of a QA program is to maintain the consistency of the research animal models an the integrity of the scientific methodology.
Which of the following is TRUE about adenosine triphosphate (ATP) test swabs?
A- It uses a light generating response to measure the amount of ATP present
B- It is a slower method to use as compared to culture
C- It can identify what specific containment is found
D- It marks sources of contamination as colony forming units (CFUs)
A- It uses a light generating response to measure the amount of ATP present
Which of the following strategies is used in pest management?
A- Containers of feed should be kept closed
B- Wastes should be disposed of properly
C- Cracks in the walls should be quickly fixed
D- All of the above
D- All of the above
What are three common causes of autoclave failure?
1- The cycle did not achieve 100% air removal
2- proper steam pressure was not reached
3- The run time was too short
Or any combination of these deficiencies
