Chapter 17: Anesthesia And Analgesia Flashcards
True or False
It is generally recommended to perform a pre operative blood test on rodents.
False
True or False
All animals should be routinely fasted before anesthesia.
False
True or False
Guinea pigs should be fasted overnight if endotracheal intubation will be done as part of the surgical procedure.
True
True or False
All animal’s pulse rate can be determined by monitoring its electrocardiogram.
True
True or False
For animals that undergo long procedures under anesthesia, warm saline bags are the best method to use to prevent hypothermia.
False
What stage of anesthesia is appropriate for surgical procedures?
Stage 3 - Surgical anesthesia
If fasting rodents is necessary, what characteristic of this group of animals should be taken into consideration to ensure complete fasting?
Coprophagy
Which of the following methods can be used to measure the pulse in the various species of laboratory animals? Choose all that apply.
A- Palpating the femoral artery
B- Palpating the mandibular artery
C- Palpating the heartbeat through the thorax
D- Palpating the pulmonary artery
A- Palpating the femoral artery
B- Palpating the mandibular artery
C- Palpating the heartbeat through the thorax
Name two parameters used to monitor the respiratory pattern of an anesthetized animal.
1- Depth of respiration
2- Character of respiration
Heating devices used to maintain the body temperature of anesthetized animals should be _______ degrees Fahrenheit higher than the animal’s normal body temperature.
A- 1-2
B- 3-4
C- 4-5
D- 6-7
A- 1-2
What information is gained from measuring the capillary refill time?
If the heart is functioning normally
The pedal reflex is also called the _________________________.
Toe pinch reflex
Which of the following reflexes would prevent the placement of an endotracheal tube when ketamine is the sole anesthetic agent used?
A- Pedal
B- Palpebral
C- Laryngeal
D- Pupillary
C- Laryngeal
What are the 3 phases of anesthesia administration?
1- Induction
2- Maintenance
3- Recovery
What is the purpose of the balloon cuff on an endotracheal tube?
A- It seals the trachea around the tube
B- It equalizes pressure between the trachea and the tube
C- It measures intratracheal pressure
D- It serves as a pressure relief valve
A- It seals the trachea around the tube
Which of the following are desirable effects of a preanesthetic treatment? Choose all that apply.
A- Making the animal drowsy
B- Calming the animal
C- Making the induction of anesthesia smoother
D- Decreasing heart rate
A- Making the animal drowsy
B- Calming the animal
C- making the induction of anesthesia smoother
Name two effects of anticholinergics
1- Prevent a reduction in heart rate
2- Prevent an excess production of saliva and respiratory secretions
True or False
Phenothiazine tranquilizers can be used as analgesics
False
True or False
Benzodiazepine tranquilizers do not have analgesic properties
True
True or False
Barbiturates can provide a short duration or long duration of anesthesia
False
True or False
A vaporizer can be used with a variety of inhalant anesthetics.
False
True or False
The use of ether for anesthesia has been essentially eliminated from veterinary use in the United States
True
name an anesthetic that is commonly administered with xylazine
Ketamine
Describe a good way to give an anesthetic “to effect” using the intravenous (IV) route
A- The drug is injected in small amounts over a long period of time to allow the animal to gradually reach the desired stage of anesthesia.
B- The drug is injected in cautiously and continuously as needed until the desired stage of anesthesia is reached
C- Most of the anesthetic is injected at once and the rest is used if the animal shows signs of waking up
D- The directions given on the drug’s vial are followed precisely to ensure that the animal reaches the desired stage of anesthesia
B- the drug is injected in cautiously and continuously as needed until the desired stage of anesthesia is reached
Yohimbine is an example of what class of drug?
A- Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
B- Benzodiazapine
C- Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist
D- Anticholinergic
C- Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist
What anesthetic agent has been used in procedures related to transgenic mouse technology but which may require scientific justification and IACUC approval?
Nonpharmaceutical grade “Avertin” (tribromoethanol)
Why should rabbits not be treated with atropine as an anticholinergic?
Rabbits typically have the enzyme atropinase in their blood which metabolizes atropine
Dissociative anesthesia is associated with which of the following?
A- Excessive salivation
B- Catalepsy
C- Mild respiratory depression
D- All of the above
D- All of the above
why should neuromuscular blockers not be used as the sole form of anesthesia?
Neuromuscular blockers do not induce unconsciousness and do not block pain responses
What color tank is used for oxygen?
Green
What color tank is used for Nitrous oxide?
Blue
What color tank is used for medical air?
Yellow
What color tank is used for carbon dioxide?
Gray
Define “tidal volume.”
The amount of air taken into the lungs in one breath
If you anesthetize a 10 kg dog using a rebreathing system, what capacity rebreathing bag would you choose?
A- 0.5 liter
B- 1 liter
C- 2 liter
D- 5 liter
B- 1 liter
True or False
Ceiling exhaust fans are not a good way to remove WAGs from rooms in which anesthetic gases are used.
True
True or False
Nonrebreathing systems produce only a small amount of WAGs
False
True or False
The function of the cuff of the endotracheal tube is to allow the gas to flow through around the tube and exit into the room air.
False
True or False
Opioids are narcotics
True
Which of the following must be used in conjunction with neuromuscular blockers during surgical procedures? Choose all that apply.
A- An anesthetic agent
B- A ventilator
C- A pulse oximeter
D- A dissociative agent
A- An anesthetic agent
B- A ventilator
What are the two basic types of analgesics used in laboratory animal science?
1- Opioids
2- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Which of the following drugs are NSAIDs? Choose all that apply
A- Carprofen
B- Bupivicaine
C- Flunixin
D- Fentanyl
A- Carprofen
C- Flunixin
True or False
Alpha-chloralose should only be used for long procedures that end with t he euthanasia of the animal.
True
Post-anesthetic behavioral changes can persist for up to ______ hours in animals administered dissociative anesthetics.
A- 1
B- 6
C- 12
D- 24
D- 24
why should diazepam not be administered by intramuscular (IM) injection?
It contains propylene glycol, which can cause pain and irritation when given IM
Acepromazine is an example of what kind of tranquilizer?
A- Phenothiazine
B- Benzodiazipine
C- Anticholinergic
D- Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
A- Phenothiazine
