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LATG > Chapter 17: Anesthesia And Analgesia > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Anesthesia And Analgesia Flashcards

1
Q

True or False
It is generally recommended to perform a pre operative blood test on rodents.

A

False

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2
Q

True or False
All animals should be routinely fasted before anesthesia.

A

False

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3
Q

True or False
Guinea pigs should be fasted overnight if endotracheal intubation will be done as part of the surgical procedure.

A

True

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4
Q

True or False
All animal’s pulse rate can be determined by monitoring its electrocardiogram.

A

True

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5
Q

True or False
For animals that undergo long procedures under anesthesia, warm saline bags are the best method to use to prevent hypothermia.

A

False

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6
Q

What stage of anesthesia is appropriate for surgical procedures?

A

Stage 3 - Surgical anesthesia

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7
Q

If fasting rodents is necessary, what characteristic of this group of animals should be taken into consideration to ensure complete fasting?

A

Coprophagy

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8
Q

Which of the following methods can be used to measure the pulse in the various species of laboratory animals? Choose all that apply.
A- Palpating the femoral artery
B- Palpating the mandibular artery
C- Palpating the heartbeat through the thorax
D- Palpating the pulmonary artery

A

A- Palpating the femoral artery
B- Palpating the mandibular artery
C- Palpating the heartbeat through the thorax

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9
Q

Name two parameters used to monitor the respiratory pattern of an anesthetized animal.

A

1- Depth of respiration
2- Character of respiration

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10
Q

Heating devices used to maintain the body temperature of anesthetized animals should be _______ degrees Fahrenheit higher than the animal’s normal body temperature.
A- 1-2
B- 3-4
C- 4-5
D- 6-7

A

A- 1-2

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11
Q

What information is gained from measuring the capillary refill time?

A

If the heart is functioning normally

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12
Q

The pedal reflex is also called the _________________________.

A

Toe pinch reflex

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13
Q

Which of the following reflexes would prevent the placement of an endotracheal tube when ketamine is the sole anesthetic agent used?
A- Pedal
B- Palpebral
C- Laryngeal
D- Pupillary

A

C- Laryngeal

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14
Q

What are the 3 phases of anesthesia administration?

A

1- Induction
2- Maintenance
3- Recovery

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the balloon cuff on an endotracheal tube?
A- It seals the trachea around the tube
B- It equalizes pressure between the trachea and the tube
C- It measures intratracheal pressure
D- It serves as a pressure relief valve

A

A- It seals the trachea around the tube

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16
Q

Which of the following are desirable effects of a preanesthetic treatment? Choose all that apply.
A- Making the animal drowsy
B- Calming the animal
C- Making the induction of anesthesia smoother
D- Decreasing heart rate

A

A- Making the animal drowsy
B- Calming the animal
C- making the induction of anesthesia smoother

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17
Q

Name two effects of anticholinergics

A

1- Prevent a reduction in heart rate
2- Prevent an excess production of saliva and respiratory secretions

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18
Q

True or False
Phenothiazine tranquilizers can be used as analgesics

A

False

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19
Q

True or False
Benzodiazepine tranquilizers do not have analgesic properties

A

True

20
Q

True or False
Barbiturates can provide a short duration or long duration of anesthesia

A

False

21
Q

True or False
A vaporizer can be used with a variety of inhalant anesthetics.

A

False

22
Q

True or False
The use of ether for anesthesia has been essentially eliminated from veterinary use in the United States

A

True

23
Q

name an anesthetic that is commonly administered with xylazine

A

Ketamine

24
Q

Describe a good way to give an anesthetic “to effect” using the intravenous (IV) route
A- The drug is injected in small amounts over a long period of time to allow the animal to gradually reach the desired stage of anesthesia.
B- The drug is injected in cautiously and continuously as needed until the desired stage of anesthesia is reached
C- Most of the anesthetic is injected at once and the rest is used if the animal shows signs of waking up
D- The directions given on the drug’s vial are followed precisely to ensure that the animal reaches the desired stage of anesthesia

A

B- the drug is injected in cautiously and continuously as needed until the desired stage of anesthesia is reached

25
Q

Yohimbine is an example of what class of drug?
A- Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist
B- Benzodiazapine
C- Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist
D- Anticholinergic

A

C- Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist

26
Q

What anesthetic agent has been used in procedures related to transgenic mouse technology but which may require scientific justification and IACUC approval?

A

Nonpharmaceutical grade “Avertin” (tribromoethanol)

27
Q

Why should rabbits not be treated with atropine as an anticholinergic?

A

Rabbits typically have the enzyme atropinase in their blood which metabolizes atropine

28
Q

Dissociative anesthesia is associated with which of the following?
A- Excessive salivation
B- Catalepsy
C- Mild respiratory depression
D- All of the above

A

D- All of the above

29
Q

why should neuromuscular blockers not be used as the sole form of anesthesia?

A

Neuromuscular blockers do not induce unconsciousness and do not block pain responses

30
Q

What color tank is used for oxygen?

A

Green

31
Q

What color tank is used for Nitrous oxide?

A

Blue

32
Q

What color tank is used for medical air?

A

Yellow

33
Q

What color tank is used for carbon dioxide?

A

Gray

34
Q

Define “tidal volume.”

A

The amount of air taken into the lungs in one breath

35
Q

If you anesthetize a 10 kg dog using a rebreathing system, what capacity rebreathing bag would you choose?
A- 0.5 liter
B- 1 liter
C- 2 liter
D- 5 liter

A

B- 1 liter

36
Q

True or False
Ceiling exhaust fans are not a good way to remove WAGs from rooms in which anesthetic gases are used.

A

True

37
Q

True or False
Nonrebreathing systems produce only a small amount of WAGs

A

False

38
Q

True or False
The function of the cuff of the endotracheal tube is to allow the gas to flow through around the tube and exit into the room air.

A

False

39
Q

True or False
Opioids are narcotics

A

True

40
Q

Which of the following must be used in conjunction with neuromuscular blockers during surgical procedures? Choose all that apply.
A- An anesthetic agent
B- A ventilator
C- A pulse oximeter
D- A dissociative agent

A

A- An anesthetic agent
B- A ventilator

41
Q

What are the two basic types of analgesics used in laboratory animal science?

A

1- Opioids
2- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

42
Q

Which of the following drugs are NSAIDs? Choose all that apply
A- Carprofen
B- Bupivicaine
C- Flunixin
D- Fentanyl

A

A- Carprofen
C- Flunixin

43
Q

True or False
Alpha-chloralose should only be used for long procedures that end with t he euthanasia of the animal.

A

True

44
Q

Post-anesthetic behavioral changes can persist for up to ______ hours in animals administered dissociative anesthetics.
A- 1
B- 6
C- 12
D- 24

A

D- 24

45
Q

why should diazepam not be administered by intramuscular (IM) injection?

A

It contains propylene glycol, which can cause pain and irritation when given IM

46
Q

Acepromazine is an example of what kind of tranquilizer?
A- Phenothiazine
B- Benzodiazipine
C- Anticholinergic
D- Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

A

A- Phenothiazine

LATG (22 decks)

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