Chapter 7: Occupational Health And Safety Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following government agencies have occupational health and safety mandates that animal facilities must comply with?
- OSHA
- EPA
- NRC
- FDA
- APHIS
- OLAW

A
  • OSHA
  • EPA
  • NRC
  • OLAW
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2
Q

What agency regulates safe handling of radioactive isotopes?

A

NRC

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3
Q

What agency regulates environmental issues?

A

EPA

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4
Q

What agency regulates health and safety requirements?

A

OSHA

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5
Q

What agency regulates occupational health and experimentation with hazardous materials?

A

OLAW

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6
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

A risk assessment includes knowing what hazards are present and determining the level of protection necessary to minimize the danger they pose

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7
Q

Give two reasons why it is important to obtain a new employee’s health history.

A

1- In order to identify any condition that could increase the employee’s risks
2- To provide a baseline to identify any subsequent changes in the employee’s health status

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8
Q

Name five critical factors that help reduce the threat of injury or illness from various hazards in an animal facility.

A

1- Proper equipment storage
2- Clean floor
3- Changing filters
4- Disinfection of work surfaces
5- Proper clothing and footwear
6- Use of eye protection and other protective equipment when indicated

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9
Q

Give five examples of activities that may represent ergonomic hazards in an animal facility.

A

1- Pulling
2- Pushing
3- Lifting
4- Bending
5- Carrying heavy loads
6- Repetitive motion
7- Activities which cause the body to be in an awkward position
8- Activities which cause excessive force exerted on a part of the body

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10
Q

Name two items often present in animal facilities that have the potential to cause severe frostbite.

A

1- Liquid nitrogen
2- Dry ice

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11
Q

The Threshold Limit Value does not take _____________________________________ into account.

A

The cumulative effect of exposure to many chemicals

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12
Q

Where is the best place to monitor the environmental levels of waste anesthetic gases in an animal facility?

A

In the breathing zone of the most heavily exposed workers

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13
Q

Which of the following items is not a component of the Hazard Communication Standard for labels on Safety Data Sheets?
A- Hazard pictograms
B- Hazard statements
C- Hazard number
D- Signal words

A

C- Hazard number

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14
Q

What additional guidelines and safety measures are included in the ABSL level as compared to the corresponding BSL level?

A

Animal waste handling and facility operation

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15
Q

Name three vaccinations that may be recommended for personnel working with laboratory animals.

A

1- Tetanus
2- Rabies
3- Hepatitis B

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16
Q

What is the main difference between an isotope and a radioisotope?

A

isotopes are stable (they do not decay), and radioisotopes decay and produce radiation

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17
Q

Which statement best describes beta particles?
A- They consist of two protons
B- They are charged particles, either an electron or a positron
C- They are a type of electromagnetic radiation
D- They are stable particles

A

B- They are charged particles, wither an electron or a positron

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18
Q

Thick dense shielding must be used to protect a worker from which of the following types of radiation?
A- Alpha particles and gamma radiation
B- Beta particles and X-rays
C- Gamma radiation and X-rays
D- Alpha and beta particles

A

C- Gamma radiation and X-rays

19
Q

What type of radiation does Iodine-125 produce?

A

Gamma Radiation

20
Q

What type of radiation does Carbon-14 produce?

A

Beta particle

21
Q

What type of radiation does Fluorine-18 produce?

A

Beta particle

22
Q

What type of radiation does Phosphorus-32 produce?

A

Beta particle

23
Q

What type of radiation does Tritium produce?

A

Beta particle

24
Q

What type of radiation does Americium-241 produce?

A

Alpha particle

25
Q

Why is it generally considered best to use powdered rather than powder-free medial exam gloves?

A

Because the manufacturing of powder-free gloves may weaken the material and lead to more frequent pin holes and tears

26
Q

Which class of biosafety cabinets offers the most protection to personnel?
A- Class I
B- Class II
C- Class III
D- All of the above

A

C- Class III

27
Q

What easy-to-recognize characteristic distinguishes a laminar flow workstation from a Class I or II biosafety cabinet?

A

All biosafety cabinets have a front window; Laminar flow work stations do not have a front window.

28
Q

Is soiled bedding of breeding animals general waste or hazardous waste?

A

General waste

29
Q

Is soiled bedding of animals in ABSL-3 studies general waste or hazardous waste?

A

Hazardous waste

30
Q

Are carcasses of healthy animals general waste or hazardous waste?

A

General waste

31
Q

Are hypodermic needles general waste or hazardous waste?

A

Hazardous waste

32
Q

Are radioactive materials general waste or hazardous waste?

A

Hazardous waste

33
Q

Is feed that fell on the floor General waste or hazardous waste?

A

General waste

34
Q

Is a used sharps container general waste or hazardous waste?

A

Hazardous waste

35
Q

True or False
Hazardous waste includes contaminated items such as disposable instruments and supplies.

A

True

36
Q

True or False
Materials used in the processing of blood, blood derivatives, or body fluids of infected animals should be considered hazardous waste

A

True

37
Q

True or False
A used sharps container should be sealed to prevent leakage and disposed of as general waste.

A

False

38
Q

True or False
Steam autoclaving is the method of choice for decontaminating small amounts of most infectious waste.

A

True

39
Q

True or False
Some infectious waste can be disposed of in a sanitary landfill after incineration of autoclaving.

A

True

40
Q

True or False
There may be special institutional or local requirements which apply to the management and disposal of non-radioactive animal bedding which contains excreta.

A

True

41
Q

True or False
All non-radioactive disposable sharp items should be placed in prominently labeled, leak-resistant, puncture-resistant containers.

A

True

42
Q

True or False
Disposable injection needles should always be recapped before disposal.

A

False

43
Q

True or False
Chemical decontamination can be used for BSL-2 agents.

A

True

44
Q

True or False
Dry radioactive wasn’t can be sent to sanitary landfills.

A

False