Chapter 8 and 9.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Where do plants get the energy they need to produce food

A

The sun

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2
Q

What are autotrophs and heterotrophs

A

Autotrophs produce their own food for energy

Heterotrophs eat other organisms to obtain energy

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3
Q

What is ATP, what is it made of, what make it

A

Adenosine triphosphate, a high energy molecule that’s stored energy in its phosphate bonds and powers cellular machinery. Made up of one adenine, ribose sugar, and 3 phosphate groups. Plants make it

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4
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

It’s when plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high energy carbs sugars starches and oxygen which is he waste product

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5
Q

What did van helmont discover

A

He concluded that trees gain most of their mass from water but he couldn’t figure out where carbon cane from

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6
Q

What did Priestley discover

A

Plants produce oxygen

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7
Q

What is the catalyst in the photosynthesis reaction

A

Chlorophyll

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8
Q

The two types of chorophyll are

A

Chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B

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9
Q

Light dependent reactions are

A

Reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light produce ATP and NADPH

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10
Q

What is Stroma

A

The region outside The thylakoid membrane were the Calvin cycle occurs
(Basically the cytoplasm of chloroplasts)

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11
Q

Granum

A

Stacks of thylakoids that maximize the amount of surface area available for thylakoid membranes. Which is more area to absorb light

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12
Q

Thylakoids

A

Saclike photosynthetic membranes that have proteins that organize chlorophyll and other pigments into clusters known as photosystems. Light dependent reactions occur here

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13
Q

Photosystems

A

Clusters of chlorophyll and pigments that are the light collecting units of the chloroplasts. They absorb photons and chlorophyll electrons are released to the ETC electron transport chain

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14
Q

NADP+

A

One of the carrier molecules that transport high energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

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15
Q

The Calvin cycle

A

Uses ATP and NADPH to produce High energy sugars. Takes place in the chloroplasts and doesn’t require light. The sugars are needed for structure and cellular respiration

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16
Q

Why are ATP, ADP, NADPH, and NADP+ aren’t part of the photosynthesis equation but carbon dioxide, water, glucose, and oxygen are?

A

ATP, ADP, NADP+, and NADPH are formed and used within the chloroplasts so they aren’t entering or exiting the chloroplasts

17
Q

What are the four factors that affect photosynthesis

A
  1. Availability of water
  2. Moistness of environment
  3. Temperature
  4. Intensity of light
18
Q

What is a calorie

A

Measure of heat energy. 1 calorie is the amount of energy that is needed to raise the temp of one gram of water 1°C

19
Q

What is a Calorie

A

Kilocalories(1000) cals. The ones on food labels

20
Q

What is the first step of cellular respiration

A

Glycosis

21
Q

What is glycosis, where does it occur, does it require oxygen what does it provide

A

It is the breaking. Apart of glycogen it occurs in the cytoplasm, it requires no oxygen and provides some energy