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Biology > Chapter 3- The Biosphere > Flashcards

Chapter 3- The Biosphere Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is ecology

A

The scientific study of interactions among organism and between organisms and their environment or surroundings

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2
Q

What is the biosphere

A

The combined portions of the planet in which all life exists

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3
Q

Populations are

A

A group of individuals of the same species

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4
Q

What is the community

A

Made up of different populations that live together in a defined area

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5
Q

What is the ecosystem

A

Includes nonliving things

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6
Q

What is a biome

A

Ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities

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7
Q

What are the three fundamental ecological methods to research

A

Observing
Experimenting
Modeling

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8
Q

What is hard science

A

A term that scientist use to describe the parts of science that are definitive and clear like math and chemistry

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9
Q

What is soft science

A

A term that scientist use to describe the parts of science that you cannot do experiments on.

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10
Q

What is life’s main energy source

A

Sunlight

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11
Q

How much of the suns energy does life use

A

1%

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12
Q

What is light coming from the sun called?

A

Insolation

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13
Q

Two main groups all biological things are categorized as

A

Autotrophs

Heterotrophs

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14
Q

What is an autotroph

A

Organisms that can make their on food/energy

Also known as producers

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15
Q

What are heterotrophs

A

They rely on other organisms for food and have many subgroups

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16
Q

Sub groups of heterotrophs

A 
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores
Detrivores 
Decomposers
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17
Q

What do herbivores eat

A

Only plants

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18
Q

What do carnivores eat

A

Only meat

19
Q

What do omnivores eat

A

Eat plants and animals

20
Q

What do detrivores eat

A

Dead materials

21
Q

What are decomposers

A

Detrivores that break things down into smaller molecules

22
Q

What is the basis of almost all life

A

Photosynthesis

23
Q

What is chemosynthesis

A

Bacteria can produce energy with this and not using photosynthesis

24
Q

What is the food chain

A

Shows the one way flow of energy in an ecosystem. Energy moves upward in a food chain

25
Q

What is the food web

A

A more complex food chain Bc in ecosystems it’s usually not a direct path to the top

26
Q

What is a trophic level

A

Each layer in a food chain/web

27
Q

What percent of the 1% of sunlight That organisms use as energy is converted to glucose

A

.4%

28
Q

Food chain order

A

Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumers

29
Q

Two types of matter

A

Abiotic

Biotic

30
Q

Def of biotic

A

Implies life aka living things

31
Q

Def of abiotic

A

Means without life

32
Q

What is the atmosphere

A

Is gaseous layer above the earth

33
Q

What is the troposphere

A

It’s the “weather layer”

Closest layer of atmosphere

34
Q

Lithosphere

A

Earths crust upper layer of exposed earth

35
Q

Hydrosphere

A

Water in earth

36
Q

What is transpiration

A

The amount of water vapor that plants release from the bottom of their leaves into the atmosphere

37
Q

What is eutrophication

A

When a limiting nutrient becomes available

38
Q

Limiting nutrient

A

A nutrient that plants need it is not common

39
Q

What is a key component in all of life

A

Carbon

40
Q

CO

A

Carbon monoxide

41
Q

CO2

A

Carbon dioxide

42
Q

The four main ways carbon moves

A
  1. Biological processes:cellular respiration, photosynthesis
  2. Geochemical Processes: erosion, volcanic activity
  3. Mixed biogeochemical processes:burial
  4. Human activities: mining
43
Q

Explain global warming

A

Lots of CO2 warms the earth bc it radiates heat well. So if we put lots of CO2 in the atmosphere it will warm the earth

44
Q

Anthropogenic

A

Environmental pollution by humans

Biology (19 decks)

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