Chapter 6- Humans In The Biosphere Flashcards
What are the human activities that affect the biosphere
Hunting Gathering Agriculture Industry Urban development
Agriculture allowed for
(Farming) humans to increase and animal husbandry which is easing farm animals which made food rapidly increase and provided a dependable food source
Steel is made of a
Iron with added carbon
How did the steel plow change the human race
It allowed for large scale agricultural production
The green revolution
Food became very easily available. It is responsible for the rapid growth of the human population
Monoculture
When large Fields are planted with the same single variety of plants year after year. This isn’t good because if I passed or disease comes all of our food will be gone. He must have diverse city. It happens when farmers plant what is most popular and profitable year after year
Mono
One
The industrial revolution allowed for
The electric motor which led to elevators which allowed for big buildings which created cities
Wealth from agriculture led to the makin of cities
Renewable resources can
Regenerate if they are alive or can be replenished by bio geochemical cycles if they are nonliving
Nonrenewable resources
Cannot be replenished by natural processes
What is the tragedy of the commons
When a resource is so readily available that it is not regulated or or is impossible to regulate. Therefore it gets used up
What is sustainable development
A way of using natural resources without depleting them and of providing for human needs without causing long term environmental harm
What percent of the United States power is nuclear
22%
What can affect the quality and supply of renewable resources such as land, forests, fisheries, air, and freshwater
Anthropogenic activities (humans)
Desertification
When a fertile productive area turns into a desert because of farming, overgrazing, and drought
What is contour plowing
When farmers plow around a hill in a circle so as the water from the rain comes down it does into the grooves and gets absorbed which limits soil erosion.
Deforestation
Clear cutting which is when humans cut down every tree and erosion follows it
What is the lungs of the earth bc it produces oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide
Forests
Aquaculture
The raising of aquatic animals for human consumption
ANWR
Arctic natural wildlife refuge
Why do elephants and other large animals have a problem with conservation
They need lots of space and areas of big habitat
What percent of the earths surface is considered wilderness
39
What percent of the wilderness is protected
12
How many trees are cut in the Amazon forest each year
The size of Switzerland
Why do wild dogs have trouble even though they have space and aren’t hunted
They caught diseases from domestic dogs
Why are baboons struggling
They run out of space bc farms come into their alpine grass habitat
The major threat to the environment
A combination of the number of people and to what degree they consume things and how they live/what they buy
How much money does half the worlds poplulation live on in a day
2 dollars
What percent of water we take out of rivers lakes etc goes into agriculture
70
Biophilia
The love for nature that humans naturally have
What is the home of the modern environmentalism movement and why
Western civilization Bc we are wealthy and educated
Ecosystem diversity is when
There are many different habitats, communities,and ecological processes
Species diversity is when there are
Lots is different species
Biodiversity is the
Sum of the genetically based variety of all organisms in the biosphere
What is genetic diversity
The sum total of all the different forms of genetic information carried by all organisms living in earth today
Species give us
Food
Industrial products
Meds
Extinction
A species has disappeared either from the world or a specific area
Endangered species
Population drops and chance of extinction
Habitat fragmentation is when
Habitats become separated usually by human activities such as highways and become like islands
What is the name of the organization that bans international trade in products from endangered species and they prevent poaching
CITES
Biological magnification
When concentrations of a harmful substance increase in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain/web
What is silent spring
A book by Rachel Carson. She researched biological magnification and realized DDT harms birds
The study of birds
Ornithology
Birds of prey include
Owls
Hawks
Eagles
Falcons
Two of the types of genetic modification
Genetic therapy
CRISPR
Genetic therapy
An individual has a disease and they modify the genes to not have the disease
CRISPR
created something new
The danger is that if you mess with a gene that controls more than one hug you might correct one problem and create another
What molecule is the ozone made of
O3
Where is the ozone
High in the stratosphere
How is the ozone created
By UV light it goes through the cycle O+O2- > O3
Explain how the ozone protects us
UV b and UV c break O3 apart and send it the other what which absorbe the UV rays
What are CFCS
Chlorofluorocarbons that are easily compressed and are sued in propellants and in air conditioners and refrigerators .
How do CFCS get in the atmosphere
When the refrigerators and Samir conditoners get crushed in the dump the gas escapes and went high into the atmosphere and attacked the ozone
How is global warming caused
When we burn fossil fuels and a more CO2 is produced into the atmosphere the CO2 acts like a blanket and it holds the energy well
What are greenhouse gases and stuff
H20 vapor, methane and CO2
How much has the eart warmed in the past 100 yrs
1 degree c
Ho much has the earth warmed in the last 10-15 yrs
0
Glacial periods
Are ice ages where ice earth covers the earth
The two groups of the environmental controversy
Alarmists who think climate change is bad and caused by men
Skeptics who say global warming isn’t a big deal or concern and that it is more political than scientific
Phrase for the climate is cooling
Going down the up escalator
Services
Something provided for our benefit
Ecosystem services
Services humans receive from the environment
Name four ecosystem services
Solar energy
Oxygen
Helps to restore and recycle nutrients
Regulate the climate
Normal rain pH
6.5-6.8
Acid rains pH
5
15 times more acid than normal rain
Why aren’t the lakes near us affected by acid rain
We have limestone underground that neutralizes the rain
What is tracking
When they drill a couple thousand feet down and use pressure to break up the rock to get to the natural gas
A alternative for fossil fuels
Solves the acid rain problem but not global warming
