Chapter 10- Cell Growth and Division Flashcards
What is the normal metabolic life span of a cell
Interphase
What is dna called when it’s diffused during interphase
Chromatin
How many chromosomes we have
46 chromosomes
23 pairs
What is gene therapy
Where you use a replacement cell to help a person overcome a defect
What is genetic engineering
Not only he fixing of a defect but changing the germ line and the cells that are passed on to the kids
What are the three parts of interphase
G1 G2 and S
What happens in the g1 phase
The cells starts to make duplicates of organelles and grow in size
What occurs in the S phase
The DNA duplicates itself (the S stands for synthesis which means to make)
What occurs the the G2 phase
The cells gets ready for cell division and all the organelles that started to duplicate have finished duplicating
The four phases of mitosis are:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What happens in prophase
The centriole pairs begin to move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell. Spindle fibers are beginning to form. The nuclear membrane dissolved which releases DNA into the cytoplasm. The DNA starts to tightly coil into chromosomes. They stop making proteins and coil and get ready for cell division. Lastly, the DNA attaches and binds together with a centromere that holds the pieces together before it divides.
What is an aster
Two centrioles and spindle fibers
What occurs in metaphase
The chromosomes have lined up across the middle which is then called the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach themselves to the centromere
What occurs in Anaphase
The centromere’s that held the two pieces of identical DNA separate and the spindle fibers pull the pieces apart
What happens in telophase
Cell gets ready to divide and turns into the shape called the cleavage furrow
